Page:Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography Volume I Part 2.djvu/178

 FULGINIUM. FULGrKICfM («ovAir(»ioK, App.: Etk FnIginiB, -Atifl : Foiigno)y a miimcii»l town of Umbria, sitnated <m the Via Flaminia at the western loot of the Apennines. It was distant onlj 8 miles from Me- ▼ania, and 3 from Forum Flaminii. It appeals to have been a place of no great importance, at least till a late period, as its name is wholly omitted bj StTibo, who enomerates all the other towns on or near the Via Flaminia. Bat we learn from Cicero that it was a monidpal town, though in the subor- dinate condition of a praefectura. (Municipiam Fulginas, Praefectura Fulginaa, Gic. Fr, ap, Priician. ▼iL 14. § 70. The notion that it was a *" foederata ciTitsa" rests upon the false reading of **' Fulgina- tinm " for *< Iguvinatium" in Cic. pro BaXb. 20. See Orelli, ad he,) It is mentioned also during the Penisian War in b. a 41, when it was occupied by Yentidius and Asinius, the generals of Antony. (Appian, B, C, t. 35.) Silius Italicus describes it as situated in an open plain, without walls (Tiii. 461): the proximity oS the more important towns of Ifevania and HispeUum probably kept it from rising to oonsideration, though its position at the junction of the main line of the Via Flaminia with the same branch which led by Interamna and Spoletium must have been favourable to its derelopment, and it is mentioned as a " dvitas " in the Jerusa- km Itinerary. (Jtin. Bier, p. 613.) The modem dty of Faligno has risen to importance after the destruction of the ndghbouring Forum Flamimi, and is now the most populous and flourishing town in this part of Italy. Aii inscription discovered here has pr^erved the name of a local nymph or divinity named Fulginia (OrelL Itucr. 2409): another records the erection of a statue to a certain C. Betuus Gib, by 15 towus of Umbria, of which be was the 0(»nmon patron. (Orell. Inter. 98.) This has been absurdly interpreted as indicating the existence of a league or confederacy of these dties of which Fulgi- nium was the head. (Cramer, Ane. Itafyy vol. i. p. 268). [E. H. B.] FUNDI (fow9oi: Eth. ♦ovrSor^f, Fandanus: /oiufQ, a dty of Latium, in the more extended sense of the term, situated on the Appian Way between Tarracina and Formiae, and about 5 miles from the sea-coast. In the marshy plain between it and the sea b a considerable lake or pool, known in ancient times as the Lacus Fundanus (Plin. iiL 5. s. 9), and still called the Lago di Fondi. The city was probably at one time in the hands of the Volsdans; and in b. g. 340, during the great Latin War, it would appear to have occupied a sort of neutral position between the Latins and Campanians, and, as well as its ndgbbour Formiae, continued faithful to the Romans during that trying period. For tiiis conduct the inhabitants of both dties were rewarded with the Roman ** civitas," but without the right of Buffirage. (Liv. viiL 14.) Shortly after this, however, a part of the dtizens of Fundi joined in the revolt of thdr ndgbbours of Privemum, under the lead of Vitruvius Vaccus, who was himself a native of Fundi. But the authorities of the city succeeded in excusing th«nselves to the Roman senate, and escaped without punishment (lb. 19.) They did not how< ever obtain the full Roman fhuichise with the right of voting till B. c. 190, when they were for the first time enrolled in the Aemilian tribe. (Liv. xzxviii. 36; Veil. Pat. i. 14.) Hence it is to this interval that Pompdus Festus must refer when he speaks of Fundi as well as Formiae as having been in the oogodition of praefeetuiae. (Fest. p. 333.) At a QABAE. 919 mibfleqiient period it recdved a cdony of veterans under Augustus {Lib* Colon, p. 234), and appears to have continued under the Roman empire to be a flourishing munidpal town (Strab. v. p. 234; Md. li 4. § 9; PHn. iii. 5. s. 9; Ptol. iii. 1. § 63; Orell. Jntcr. 821, 2951), for which it was probably indebted to its ntuation on the Appian Way, whidi is here compelled to deviate from the sea-const, and make an angle inUnd firom Tamdna to Fundi, and thence again to Formiae, where it rejoins the coast Ao- cording to the Itineraries, Fu^cU was distant 13 miles from ttich of the above towns. (Itin. AnL pp. 108, 121 : Itin, Bier. p. 61 1.) The mention of its name by Horace on his journey to Brundusium, and the ridicule cast by him on the pompous airs assumed by its local magistrate or praetor, Anfidius Luscus, are fiuniliar to all readers. (Hor. Sat L 5. 34.) It is incidentally mentioned also by Cicero and Suetonius^ from whom we learn that the family of Livia, the wife of Augustus, came originally from Fundi: some writers also represented Tiberius himself as bom there. (Cic. ad AtL xiv. 6; Suet Tib. 5, Co/. 23, Gulb. 8). Silhis Italicus seems to indude Fundi as well as CaieU in Campania (viii. 524 — 530), but it is certain that they were both comprised within Latium, according to the bounds assigned to it under the R(»nan empire, or what was called Latium Novum. [Latium.] The modem dty of Fondi still retains the ancient site, and condderable remains of antiquity, of whick the most important are an ancient gateway with a portion of the walls adjoining it, the lower part of which is of polygonal constmction, and the upper part of later Roman style. An inscription over the gate (now called the PorUUd) records the constroo- tion of the walls and gates of the dty by the local magistrates or aediles. (Hoare, Class. Tow^ vol. i. p. 106.) The prindpal street of the town is still formed by the Via Appia, and retains great part of the ancient pavement : numerous fragments of ancient buildings are also scattered throughout the modem town, or have been employed in the middle ages in the construction of its castle, cathedral, &c. Fundi was celebrated among the Romans for the excellence of its wines: the famous Caecuban wine was in fact produced within its territory [Caecubus Aoer], but beddes this the wine of Fundi itself (Fundanum vinum) seems to have enjoyed a high reputation, though inferior to that of the Caecuban and Faleroiao. (Martial, xiii. 113; Plin. xiv. 6. s 8.) It was probably on this account that the " Fundanns ager " was one of those districts which the agrarian law of Servilius Rullus sought to apportion among the needy dtizens of Rome. (Cic d$ Leg. Agr. iL 26.) [E. H. B.] FURCAE GAUDIIIAE. [Caudium.] FURCO'NIUM. [Vbstiki.] G. GABAE (r«i&aj> 1. A strongly fortified poet in Sogdiana, mentioned in the invasion of that country by Alexander's army. (Arrian, iv. 17.) It is not possible to identify it with any known place, but it has been supposed not improbable that it may be the same as that mentioned by Arrian under the name of Gaza (iv. 2), and by Curtins under that of Gabaza (viii. 4. § 1). It is clear that the three places were occupied by a Scythian race bometunes allied gene- ricaliy Massage Ae, and sometimes by a more local 3ir 4