Page:Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography Volume I Part 2.djvu/176

 FBXTDIS. ^pttffwij Dion Gios. Ihr. 32 ; ^plairovMs^ Prooop. B.O, IT. 20), one of the grett tribes of Korth-weBtern Ger- mtny, belooging to the In^j^aeToiies. They inhnbited the coontrj aboat Lake Flevo and other lakes, be- tween the Bkine and Em$^ lo as to be bounded on the soath bj the Bracteri, and on the east bj the ChancL Tadtns ( Gtrm, 34) distinguishes between FrigU McQorea and Jftfioref, and it is supposed that the latter dwelt on the west of the canal of DrusQS in the north of Holland, and the fbrmer be- tween the rivexs Flems and Amisia, that is, in the country still bearing the name of Frkikmd. Pliny mentions a tribe, under the name of Frisiabonet^ as dwelling in Northern Gallia between the Sunid and BetasiL They have been identified by many writers with the lesser Frisii, bat without sufficient reason. [Frisiabonbs.] The Frisians joined the Bomans firam the first, and remained &ithful to them after the undertak- ings of Drusus, until, in a. d. 28, irritated by the oppression oS the goremor Olennius, they rose in arms, and expelled or massacred the Bomans. (Tac ii. 24, IT. 72, li. 19 ; Dion Cass. liv. 32.) Corbulo*s attempt to reconquer them in a. d. 47, was unsuc- eessful, as he was recalled. Under Nero, they in- Taded the Boman dominion on the Bhine, but were obliged to retreaL On this occasion, their kings Verritus and Maloriz went to Borne to negotiate, and were honoured with the Boman franchise, though they behaTed with noble independence. (Tac. iliM. xiiL 54.) During the fourth and fifth centuries, the Frisians were allied with the Saxons, with whom they sailed across to Britain, and shared their con- quests. (Prooop. B. G, It. 20.) Their chief occu- pation was agriculture and the breeding of cattle. (Tac Ann, vr, 72, xiii. 64; comp. Latluun on Tac (rerm. p. 116.) [L.S.] FBUDIS {'^poiiios iic€oaS) is placed by Pto- kmy (ii. 9) between the mouth of the Sequana {S^ne) and the Promontoiy Xtium. The reading 4>^^ov Moksd in Marrian (p. 50) is conjectured by Ukert. {GtUUen, p. 146) to be an error for ^povSov MoKbU, lyAnville supposes that Ptolemy's Frudis is the outlet of the Samara {Somme). [Q. L.] FBUSINO (^povfflim^ or ^paOai^v: Em, Fra- nnas, -itis: Frotmone a city of Latiuro, situated on the Viib Latina, 7 miles from Ferentinum, between that dty and Fregellac (//m. AnL pp. 308, 305.) It seems to haTe been originally a Volsdan dty, though entertaining close relations with its neigh- bours the Hemicans: hence, on the first occasion in which its name appears in history, it is mentioned as having joined in ezdting the Hemicans to revolt against Bome. For this ofibnce the dty was punished with the loss of a third part of its territory. (Liv. x. L; Diod. XX. 80.) Frusino is next mentioned on the occasion of the march of Hannibal against Bome, b. o. 211 (Liv. zxvL 9), and inddentally alluded to by Plautus, together with some other towns in the same ndgh- bourfaood (Plautus, Capi. iv. 2. 103). Silius Itali- ena also notices its rocky situation and the hardy chancter of its inhabitants (viiL 398, xii 532). Cioero appears to have possessed a farm in its ter- ritory, to which he alludes more than once in his letters to Atticus {ad AtL xl. 4, 13). We learn firom the Liber Cokmiarum (p. 233) that it received a colony of veterans; but it remained a place of only mnnidpal rank, and is mentioned, by Strabo, Pliny, and Ptolemy, among the towns in this part of liatinm Its position on the Via Latina probably FUCINUS LACUS. 917 caused it to retain some degree of prosperity, and Juvenal notices it as a respectable country towo where houses were chrap. (Juv. iii. 224; Stnb. v. p. 237 ; Plin. in. 5. s. 9, Ptol. iii. 1 . § 63.) Ito ex- istence at a later period is attested by the Itineraries, and it appears to have retained its andent site throughout the middle ages down to- the present day. It is now an episcopal town with about 7000 inhabitants, standing on a hill which rises above the river Cota {K6ava, Strab.) about 6 miles above its confluence with the Sacco (Trems). Some renudna of an amphitheatre are stiU visible in the plain be- neath, but the town itself contains no relics of antiquity. [E. H. B.l FU'CINUS LACUS {h *mmiva Xifom, Strab.: Loffo Fuemo or Laffo di Celano)^ a lake in the centre of Italy, in the country ef the Marsi, remark- able as being the only one ef any extent that is found in the central Apennines. Stvabo calls it '^ in nze like a sea" (trcAoryfa rh M^yv^r, v. p. 240); but this expression would convey a very exaggecaited no- tion of its magnitade: it is, however, the largest lake in Central Italy, though but little exceeding those qS Trasimene and VoktiniL Its circumferenoe is variously estimated at 30, 40, or even 50 miles, but according to the best maps does not really ex- ceed 25 Italian, or about 29 English miles. Its form is nearly oval; and it is situated in a basin, surrounded on all sides by mountains, without any visible natural outieL In a geogiapliical point o£ view the lake Fucinus is of importance as bdng, situ- ated almost exactly in the centre of the peninsula of Italy, being just about half way between ihe Tyrrhe- nian sea and the Adriatic, and also at the middle point of a line drawn from the northern ridge of the Apennines to the gulf of Tarentum. It would there- fore have jnstiy deserved the name of the ** Umbili- cus Italiae," applied with much less reason to the insignificant pool of Cutilia. [Cutilias Lacus.] The basin of the lake Fudnus is itsdf at a consider^ able elevation, the waters of the lake being not less than 2176 fiaet above the level of the sea; but the mountains rise on all rides of it to a much greater hdght, especially on the N., where the double- pei^ed Monte VeUno attains the elevation of 8180 feet. On the £. and W. the basin of the kke is bounded by limestone ridges of much inferior ele* ration, but steep and rocky, which separate it from the valleys of the Liris and the Gieio. Towards the NW. its shores are genUe and sloping, and separated (xily by a very moderate acclivity from the waters of the Imele or SallOj which flow towards JUeti and the valley of the Tiber. The lake Fudnus is almost always described as situated in the country of the Marsi (Strab. v. p. 240; Vib. Seq. pp. 16, 23; Dion Cass. Ix. 11), and that people certainly occupied its shores fos at least three- fourths of their extent; but Alba (sumamed Fn* oensis from its proximity to the lake) appears to have been more properly an Aequian city. [Alba FucBNsis.] Alba stood on a hill about 3 miles firam the NW. extremity of the lake; on its eastern shore, dose to the water's edge, was situated Makru- BiuM, the capital of the Marri, of which the ruins are still visible at S. BtnedeUo. Ckrfenkia, also a Mardc town, occupied the site of Sta. FelicUh^ about 2 miles N. of Marrubium, and at the foot of the steep mountain pass known as the Mons Imeus or Forca CartuOf which afforded the only communis cation from the basin of the Fudnus to that of the AtemuB and the Adriatic. On the W. shore of ttue 3h3