Page:Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography Volume I Part 2.djvu/167

 908 FORUM DECn. tioned during the Gothic Wan, and as late as the seventh centoiy P. Diaconos ranks it among the tells ns that it had a citadel (castnim), which was called Imolas, fnnn whence the modem town has derived the name of Jmola. (Procop. B, G. ii. 19; P. Diac u. 18.) [E. H. B.] FORUM DECII, a town of the Sabines, men- tioned only bj Pliny (iii. 12. s. 17), the site of which is wholly anlmown. It has been identified by CInver with the *' Foroecri** of the Tabola; bnt there is no aathority for this, and the latter name is probably oorropted from Forocrea or Forocria, analogous to Interocrea. (Glaver, ItaL p. 690 ; Holsten. Not. ad Ciuv. p. 118.) It is more pro- bable that Fomm Decii was sitoated mach further S.. in the neighbourhood of Forum Novum ( Vet- covio). [E. H. B.] FORUM DIUGUNTORUM or JUGUNTORUM [^6pos ^lovyowrw ^ ^lovTowrwr, Ptol. iii. I. 31), a town of Transpadane Gaul, known only from Ptolemy, who places it in the territory of the Cenomani, SW. of Bergcmum; but its site is other- wise wholly unknown. [E. H. B.] FORUM DOMITII, is placed by the Itins. on the great Roman road from Nemausus {Nimet) to Narbo (^Narbonne). The distance from Cessero {St Ti- hen) on the HirauU to Forum Domitii is 18 M. P.: and the Antonine Itin. makes it 17 M. P. from Forum Domitii to Sextantio {JSou8U3mtion which is a few miles west of Monipeltier. Though Fomm Domitii lies between two weU-known places, its po. sitinn is not known. We may conclude that it was on the Via Domitia, so called from Cn. Domltius Ahe- nobarbus, who defeated the Allobroges (Liv. EftiL 61). This road is mentioned by Cicero (pro Font. 4) as repaired by the legati of M. Fonteius. [G. L.] FORUM FLAMINII (♦<$por ♦Aofid'Miv, Strab. ; ^6pos ^Kofw^loVf Ptol. : Eth. Foroflaminiensis), a town of Umbria, situated on the Flaminian Way, where it first entered the Apennines, S miles from Fulginium. It is evident from the name that it was founded by the censor C. Flaminius, at the time that he constructed the celebrated highway on which it was situated, b. c 220 : but its name is not men- tioned in hist<»7. Strabo speaks of it as deriving its chief importance from the traffic along the road: but we leam from Pliny, and from inscriptions, that it was a municipal town of some consideration. (Strab. V. p. 227 ; Plin. iii. 14. s. 19; Ptol. iu. 1. § 54; Grater, Inter, p. 347. 1 ; Orell. Inter, 98.) It was here that the emperws Gallus and Volusia- nus wero defeated and slain by the pretender Aemi- lianus in a. d. 256. (Hieron. Ckron. ad ofm. ; Gluver, Ital. p. 631.) Fomm Flaminii is still termed a the see of a bishop till the eighth century, when it was destroyed by the Lombards, and the remaining inhabitants estiU)lished themselves at Fulginium. The Itineraries place it 3 miles fnnn Fulginium, and 12 from Nuoeria: but the rains which, according to Holstenius, still mark its site at a place called S. Giovanni pro Fiamma (oe in Forifiamma)^ are hardly 2 iniles from, the former city. (Itin, AnL p. 125; Itin. Hier. p. 614; Tab. Peut.; Holsten. Not adCluv.^92.) [E.H.B.] FORUM FULVII (roZenra), a town of the in- terior of Liguria, mentioned by Pliny among the '*nobilia oppida" of that province, between the Apennines and the Padus. He adds the distinctive appellation of '* Valentinum " (" Foram Fulvii, quod FORUM JULn: Valentinum *^, though no other plaoa of the is known. It is also mentioned in the Tabula, m a manner that would affiird but little doe io its po- ntioQ; but the distance of 22 M. P. finom Asta (corraptly written Hasia) aooords with the pontioiB of the modem VaUtma, a coosidwable town od the right bank of the Po^ i^xrat 16 nules below Ctuale^ the name of which is evidently connected with the epithet of Valentinum given to the ancient city. In the Notitia (where it is called Foram Folviense) we find it mentioned as the station of a body of troops, probably to defend the passage of the Padns at this point. (Plin. iiL 5. s. 7; NoL Dign, u. p. 121 : Tab. PmL) [E. H. B.J FORUM GALLORUM dhyoph KcArMr, Ap- plan), a village on the Via Aemilia, between Hntixaa aud Bononia. It is remarkable only as the scene t£ the first batUe between M. Antonius and the ooo- suls Hirtius and Pansa, who were attemptii^ to ruse the siege of Mutina. The forces of Pttosa, which were first engaged with those of Antonius, were wonted in the encounter, though not defSBated, and the consul himself mortally wounded : bat Hirtius, having unexpectedly fallen upon the rear of Antonius, when he was withdrawing to reoccnpy Foram Galloram, completely routed his forces and compelled him to retreat to his camp before Mutiaa. This battle (which was fought on the 15th of ApriL B. c. 4S, twelve days bef(»e the more decisive actim of Mutina) is described in detail by Serv. Solpidoa Galba, in a letter to Cicero: fixnn his acooont w« leam that the place called Foram Galloram was a mere village (vicus) and that it was situated «m the Aemilian Way, which here, as throofrh great part of its oouise, was a raised causeway, vrith am marshy ground on each side. (Cic. ad Fam, x. SO; Appian, B. C. iii. 66 — 70; Dion Cass. zlvi. 37; Frontin. StraL ii. 5. § 39.) Nor did it ever rise to the dignity of a town: and though its name is again found in the Tabula Peutingoriana, its omiancMi from all the other Itineraries ^ows that it was still only a village. The distances there given (8 miks from Mutina and 17 firam Bononia) show that it must have occupied nearly the site of the modem CatUl Franco, [E. H. K] FORUM GALLOmJM. [Ii^ROBTEa] FORUM HADRIANL One of Uie roads which the Table nuurks from Lugdunum Batavoram (Lei- den) to Noviomagus (Nymegen passes through Flenio [Flenio]. Between Lugdunum and Flenio is Foram Hadriani, and though the distance from Lugdunum is not given in the Table, there is no doubt that it is represented by a place named Voor^ hourg. Excavations have been made on this site, and there weie found mosaic pavements, coins, and other memorials of the Roman period. (Ukert, Gal- Uen, p. 532.) [G. L.] FORUM JULII (Fr^), a town of Gallia Nar- bonensis on the coast between Tek> Martins (ToU" Ion) and the Varus (Var). Stnbo (p. 184) calls it 46poif 'loivXior, and a naval station df Caesar An-« gustos, situated between Olbia and Antipolis, and distant fi:om Massilia about 600 stadia. But the name Forum Jnlii ezisted before the time of Caesar Augustus, for it is mentioned in a letter of Plancaa to Cicero, d. c. 43 (ad Fam. z. 15); and he makes it 24 M. P. from Foram Vooonii to Foram Julii (x. 1 7). We may infer that it took its name from C. Julius Caesar, though there is no evidence about what he did to the place, and that Augustus improved it. Pliny (iii. 5) names it " Foram Jnlii Octavano-
 * locapletes uxhes** of the province of Aemilia. He
 * civitas " in the Jerusalon Itinaaiy, and continued