Page:Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography Volume I Part 2.djvu/153

 894 FANUM VACUNAE. on the line of the Romftii road, and near the camp called the camp of Attila. [G. L.] FANUM VACUNAE. [Diokktia.] FANUM VENERIS. [Portos Veneris.] FANUM VOLTUMNAE, a place in Etroria, at which it was the custom of the Etruscans to hold the general meetings of the deputies from the dif- ferent states of the confederation. (Li v. iy. 23, 61^ ▼. 17, vi,2.} It is evident) from its name, that it was originaUjr a temple or sanctoarj, and it is even probable that the meetings in question had at first a pui-elj sacred character, but gradually assumed a political significaticHL There is no reason to suppose there was ever a Unon upon the spot, though there appears to have been a kind of fair at these annual meetings, at which traders assembled from the neigh- bouring parts of Italy. (Liv. vi. 2.) The situation of this national sanctuary is nowhere indicated, nor, indeed, does any mention of it occur after the fall of Etruscan independence : hence the sites which have been assigned to it are wholly conjecturaL The opi- nion most commonly received would place it at Vi- terbo : others have fixed it at Castel dAtao^ in the same neighbourhood ; and Dennb places it at Monte Fioiconey 9 miles from BoUena, on the banks of the lake which derives its name from that city. There are certainly circumstances which would appear to connect the Fanum Voltumnae with Volsinii, and render it probable that it was somewhere in that neighbourhood. (Dennis, Etrvria^ vol. i. pp. 516 — 522.) [E.H.B.1 FARFABUS. [Fabaris.] FAUSTINOTOLIS, a town in the south of Gap- padocia, about 12 miles south of Tyana. It was named after the empress Faustina, the wife of M. Aurelius, who died there in a village, which her hus- band, by establishing a colony in it, raised to the rank of a town under the name of Faustinopolis. (Jul. Capitol, if. AfU. PhUos, 26.) Hierocles (p. 700) assigns the pkce to Gappadocia Secunda, and it is mentioned also in the Antonine and Jerusalem Itineraiies. The exact position of the town has not yet been ascertained, but it must have been cluse to the defiles of the Cilician gates. [L. S.] FAVE'NTIA(*ooweKTfa,Ptol.; ♦ojScrrfo, Steph. B. : Eth. Faventinus : Faema)^ a city of Gallia Cispadana, situated on the Via Aemilia, 10 miles from Forum Gomelii (^Imola and tlie same dis- tance from Forum Livii (Forli), (Plin. iii. 15. 8. 20 ; Strab. v. p. 217; PtoL iil 1. § 46 ; Itin, Ant. pp. 126, 287.) It is noted in history as the place where Carbo and Norbanus were defeated with great loss by Metellus, the general of Sulla, in n. c. 82. (Appian, 5. C. i. 91 ; Veil. Pat ii. 28 ; Liv. EpU. Ixxzviii.) With this exception, we find little notice of it in history; but it appears to have been, tinder the Roman empire, a municipal town of some consideration, and, in common with many of the other cities on the Via Aemilia, continued to retain its prosperity down to a late period. (Plin. vii. 49. s. 50 ; Spartian. Hadr, 7 ; Capit. Ver. 1 ; Procop. B. G. iii. 3; li^ Hier. p. 616.) Its territory was peculiarly favourable to vines, and, according to Varro, exceeded all other districts in Italy in the quantity of wine produced. (Varr. Ii. i2. i. 2. § 7 ; Colum. iii. 3. § 2.) Silius Italicus, on the other hand, speaks of it as crowned with pines (viii. 598). In the time of Pliny, Faventia was cele- brated for its manufactures of linen, which was considered to surpass all others in whiteness. (Plin. xix. I. B. 2.) We learn from the Itineraries that FEBENTINUM. a cross rood led from h«Ma across the Apennines direct to Florentia in the valhj of the Annis. a distance of 70 miles, (/tm. Ani. pw 283.) Tha intermediate stations are unknown, hot the raid must evidently have ascended the valley- of the Lamone (the Anemo of Pliny), which flours vaa^mt the walls of Facnza. ' [£. H. B.] FEGYI JUGUM, on the south coast of Galln, near Agatha {Agde), is mentioned by Avieaus after Mens Setiua [Blascon] : — " Fecyi jugnm Radice fusa in usque Taumm pcrtiiaet.*' Taurus seems to be the Kttmg de Tau, oo one side of which there is a range of hills called " iou Pic FeguUr (Ukert, GaUim, p. 119.) [G. L.J FELSINA, [BoNOHiA.] FELTRLA. (^Feltre), a town of Venetia, bat oo the confines of Rhaetia, and included within thuat proviiKe according to the later distribution of Italy. It is situated about 3 miles firom the river Piave (Plavb). Inscriptions prove it to have been a municipal town of some importance under the Roman Empire, and then can be little doubt that we should read "Feltrini* for the " Fertini " who are enumerated by Pliny among the " Rhaetica oppida ** which were comprised within the tenth region of Italy. (Plin. iii. 19. s^ 23; Orell. Ifucr, 993, 3084; Cassiod. v. 9.) The Itine- raries give a cross road from Opitergium (^Oderso) to Feltria, and thence through the VcU Sitgana t» Tridentum (Trent). (ItnuAnL pw 280.) [E.H.B.] FENNI, a popuhition of the north ai^d north- eastem parta of Europe, first mentimed by Tacitus (^Germanioy 46), as one difierent firom and cantnsted to those of Germania. In Ptolemy, the only other author who gives their, name, the form ia ^innoK. The ext«at to which the Fenni coincided with the modem Laps of Lapland, rather than with the Finns of Finland (or vice versd is considered under the articles Sitones, Scythia, and Sarjoatea. At present the name alone will be noticed. It belongs to the same Unguage with the word ^styi^^^East- men {q, v.), viz. the German; and, of this, to the Scandinavian branch. Finn is not the name by which either the Finlanders or the Laplanders know themselves. It w the term by which they are known to the Northmen. This helps to verify the state- ment that the chief sources of the information of the cUssical writers concerning the Baltic were German. [R. G. L.] FERE'NTINUM or FERE'NTIUM (♦€p«vT2ror, Strab. V. p.226; «cpci^{a,Ptol.iii. 1. §50: Fereato), a city of Etrnria, situated on the N. of the Giminian range, about 5 mile» distant fnm the Tiber, and the same distance from the modem city of Viterbo. It is not mentioned in history during the period of Etruscan independence, and must probably have been then a mere dependency of Volsinii : Strabo speaks of it as one of the smaller towns in the interior of Etrnria, but we leam from other authorities, as well as from existing remains, that it must have been in his time a flourishing municipal town : Vitruvius notices the excellent quality of the stone found in its neighbourhood, and the numerous statues and other monuments hewn out of this material which adorned the town itself (Vitmv. ii. 7. §4). In ooaunon with most of the cities of Etrnria, it had received a Roman colony before the end of the Republic, but did not obtain the title of a colony ; and is termed, both by Vitruvius and Tacitus, a munici{»um. {LUk Colon, p. 216 ; Vitruv. I c. ; Tac. Hist, il 50.) It