Page:Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography Volume I Part 2.djvu/14

 dascylium: ? Pftpontis: Herodotus (uL 120) nentioDtf ' Mitro- 1 .bates, a Persian, as governor of the nome in Dascj* liom; and again (iii. 126), he calls the same man the goTemor of Dascjlinm {rhr ix AcurxvAciov ihnpxov). Bat in ri, 33, he speaks of the Cyzi- oeni submitting to Oebaies, son of M^giriMuus, ^ the goremor in Dascylimn." Agesilans, in one of his campaigns, marched to Ph^gia, and came near Daacylium. (Xen. Hell. iiL 1. § 13.) Xenophon, who speaks of the Phrjgia of Phamabaxus, seems to place Dascjlium in Phrygia {Sell, ir. 1. § 15); bat his aamtire is confosed, and nothing can be learned from it as to the position of Dascjfiam. He sajs that Phanabazus had his paUce here, and there were many lai^* villages about it, which abounded with supplies; and there were hunting grounds, both in enclosed parks and in the open oountiy, very fine. A river flowed round the flaoe, and it was fall of fish. There was also plen^ of birds. The go- vernor spent his winter here; tnoL whidi fact and the context we seem to learn that it vas in the low country. Alexander, after the battle of the Grani- «as, sent Parmeno to take Das<7liam (ArriM^ Anab. L 17. § 2); but there is nothing in Arrian which shows its position. The town does not seem to hate been a large place, but it gave name to a Persiaa satrapy (r^c AaffKvfura^ irttrpfurtiaM^ Thucyd. L 129), the extent of which cannot be defined. Strabo (pi 575) says that, above the lake Dascy- liUs, there are two hu^ lakes, the ApoUoniatis and the Miletopolitis; and on the Dascylitis is the town of Dascylium. We must therefore look fi>r Dascy- lium and its lake between the diores of the Propontis and the lakes ApoUoniatis [Atollohiab, p. 16 1, b.] and Miletopolitis. Strabo also says that the Doliones are a people about Cyncus, from the river Aesepns to the Rhyndacus and the kke Dascylitis ; from which we might perhaps conclude that the Dascylitis is east of the Bhyndacns; and another passage (p. 582) seems to lead to the same conclusion. In Strabo^s time the territory of the Cyziceoi extended to the Mileto^ politis and the ApolloniatiB; they had also one part of the Dascylitis, and the Byzantines had the other. From this lUso we infer that it was east of the Bhyn- dacus. Mela (i. 19), in express words, places Ihis- cylos, as he calls it, east of the Bhyndacns. Pliny (v. 32) says that it is on the coast. Hecataeus, quoted by Strabo (p. 550), says thai a river Odiys- ■es flows finom the west out of the Dascylitis, through the plains of Mygdonia, into the Bhyndacns. But this description applies to a hike west of the Rhyn- dacus. Strabo further says (p^ 588) that the lake Dascylitis was also called Aphnitis; and he again mentions the Aphnitis (p^ 59), but without identi- fying it with the Dascylitis* Stei^ianus («. v "A^ ptiotf) says that the lake near Cyzicns is Aphnitis, and that it was formerly called Artynia. There is no lake nearer to Cyzicns than the lake of Mtm^fot, west of the Bhyndacns, which is the ancient MUe- topoIiUs. The Bhyndacns flows through the Apol- loniatis. Leake, in his map of A^ Muior, marks a lake Dascylitis north of the ApoUoniatu, and consequently between it and the shore of the Propontis, and east of the course of the Bhyndacns after it has flowed from the ApoUoniatis, Some authorities speak of a lake in this part called JHatkUli, or some name like it; but this seems to require further confirma- tion. This town Dascylium must have existed to a Ute time, for a bishop of Das^Ua is mentiooed. (Plin. T. 32| ed. Haiduin.) . DASSAIffiTAE. 755 What we-can learn about Dascylium is very un-» satis&etory. There is a river marked in the newest maps, which rises near BrouMUj and flows westward towards the Bhyndacns, but its junction with the Bhyndacns is not marked. It is called the iMfer 8n, or Nifer. Cramer (^Atia Minora vol L p. 1 72) conjectures that this may be the Odrysses of Heca^ taeua^ though it does not ran in the direction de- scribed in Strabo's tefxt{ and that it is also the river described by Xenophon. [G. L.] DA'SEAE (A«r^ai: E^ Aavcin^s), a town of Arcadia in the district Parrhasia, on the road from Megalopolis to Phigalea, 7 stadia from Macareae» and 29 stadia from Megalopolis. It was in ruins in the time of Pausanias, as its inhabitaats had been removed' to M^alopolis upm the foundation of the- latter. Its name was apparentiy derived from the thick woods, the remains of wMch stiH cover the heights of J)eH ffauaniy near which Daseae must have stood. (Pans. viiL 3. § 3, viii. 27. § 4, viiiv 36. § 9 ; CortiaSi Pelopoimetot, vol. L p. 294.) DASMENDA (A«r/(cySa), a hill-fort in Cappa^ doda. [Cappadocia, p. 507, b.] [G. L.] < DASSAB&TAE, DASSABE'TII (Aorcro^ioi, Strab. vil p. 318; PtoL iiL 13. § 32; Aao^iraprroi Steph. B. Appian, /%r. i; Mela, iL 3. § 11 ; Plim m. 23. s. 26), an lUyrian people whose position can be well ascertained, finom their having occupied the great vaUey which contained the lake of Lychnitis and the plains of JToriMi. The W. part of Dassa- retia was a oontrast to the E., oonsistiiig entirely of lofty and rugged moantalns, intersected by branches of the river Apaus. If Bert^bethesiteofAntipatria, it will foUow that tiie Dassaretae possessed all the lower mountainous country lying between KoritBi and Beratj beyond whfeh latter the frontiere of the Dassaretae met those of the Tanlantii Bylliones and Chaonians of Epirus; on the N. they bordered on the Eordeti and Penestae and partly on the Taulantii, while to the E. the crest of the great central ridge very naturally formed the line of demarcation ^ tween them and the Pelagones, Brygi, and Orestae, or in other words, between Ill3riia and Macedonia. It follows from these boundaries that Dassaretia was not less than 60 miles in length and as ninch in breadthf-^-^n extent soch as might be expected from the statement in Pdybius (v. 108) who in addition to the towns on the lake qf Lychnitis represents the Phoebatae, Pissantini, Calicoeni, and Pirustae all as tribes of Dassaretia. (Leakey Trav. m North Greece, vol. iii. pp» 325, fdl.) The Phoebatae chiefly inha- bited the valley of the Utkmiy and the Pissantini that of the De^oL The Pimstae would seem to have been on the N. frontier of Dassaretia, as they joined the Tanlantii and sc»ne other more northeriy Illy- rians to assist the Boraons in the reduction of Gentius. ^Liv. xlv. 26). They probably oocnpied an inter- mediate tract between the Pissantini on the lower part of the DeioM and the S. extremity of the lake Lychnitis, in which case there is only the plain of Koryted to the left of the Eordaicns for the situatioa of the CaUcoenL The opentkns of the consul Sul- pidns against Philip in tiie campaign of b. a 200, iUnstrate the andeoA geograj^y of this district. The Roman general mardied from Apollonia of Hlyila through Dassaretia into Lyncestis. The open country supplied him with eudi abundance of grain that he was enabled to save his own stock while he passed through the plain of Dassaretia, and induced him afterwards to send bock bis foragen thither, though he mui encamped in an equally ilwtile plain». 3o 2