Page:Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography Volume I Part 2.djvu/12

 DABDAE. and keeping some check Qpon the incnnioos of the Persians, wd appears to haTe fulfilled the object for which it was erected for nearly TOjeara^from the reign of Cabades {Kobdd) to that of Choeroes I. {AmuMr- win). Proeppiua gives a full account {BelL Per*, iL 13) of the way in which Daras was fortified, which, as Gibbon has .remarked {Decline and FaUj ch. 40), maj be considered as representing the mili- tary architectore of the age. But besidee its strong &rtifications, which enabled it to resist more than (Hie attack from the Persians^ Dams was exceedingly well sopplied with provisions, &c. for the troops en- gaged in its defence. Procopios gives an account of a marvellous fountain of water, whose source, on a neighbouring height, was in such a positian that the supply could not be cut off by an enemy, while, at the same time, it was distributed through the town to the inhabitants by various channels, no one knowing whither it went on teaching the outer walls {BelL Goth, iv. 7). Prooopius also meotiooa a series of combats which took place under the walls of DarasbetweentlieRoDums under Belisarius and the Persians (JBeU. Pen, i. 13), by which the Romans maintained the town, owing to the admirable military dispositions of Belisarius. Daras fell at last into the hands of the Persians during the reign of Justin II., ▲. d. 574, after a memorable si^e of six months by Choeroes IL (TheophyL Hiii. Mavr, iii. 9, 10.) The campaign of Biarcian took place in the eighth year of Justin, and the result of the fidl of Daras was the disgrace of the general (Theopbyl. t, c; Theophan. ap. Phot, Cod. 64; Evagr. t. 8 — 10), a truce with the Per- aiana, and the app(»ntoient of Tiberius as an asso- ciate in the empire. Hoimisdas IV. (Hormuzd IV.), who succeeded Chosroes, is said by Theoj^anes to have been the general who took Daras, and sub- aequenUy concluded the above-mentioned peace. (Theophan. I c.) DAnville {L'Enphrate et Tigre, pi 53) has tried, but we think in vain, to find any town or ruins which may mark the site of Daras. [V.] DARDAE. [Dabadrae.] ' DA'RDANI (A^ovoi), a tribe in the south- west of Moesia, and extending also over a part of Illyricum. (Strab. vii. p. 316; PtoL iii. 9. § 3; Caes. .fi^ Civ, ilL 4; Uy, xL 57; Plm. iii. 29; Cic. p. Se$L 43.) According to Strabo, they were a veiy wild and filthy race, living in caves under dunghills, but very fond of music [L. &] • DARDAinA {AafOayla) or DABDANICE, a territory in Mysia, the limits of which are not very clearly defined. Strabo (p. 565) interprets Homer as placing Dardania above Ilium, on the Paroreia of Troja; and (p. 596) in another place, after de- scribing the positions of Abydus, Dardanns, and the places on the coast of the Hellespont as far as Si- geium, he says, " above them lies the Trojan plain, which extends eastward many stadia, as far as Ida. The Paroreia (mountain tract) is narrow : it extends on one side south as for as the parts about Scepsis, and north to the Lycians about Zeleia." Again, when he is describing the places about the promon- tory of Lectnm, and the river Satnioeis, he says that all these places are adjacent to Dardania and Scepnis, being a land of second and lower Dardania (p. 606). There is reaUy no historical province Dardania, and all that Strabo saya of it is derived from his inter- pretation of the Iliad. The Dardani and Dardanii are mentioned in the Iliad (ii.^19, xv.425). Aeneas, in the Iliad, ia the oommimder of thfr Dardani. Dardanin, a son of Jupiter, settled in Dardania VOXi. I. DARDANUS. 753 bog before Iliam was buOt in the pUui. He was the ancestor of Priamus; and there were five generations from Dardanns to Priamus. (//. xx. 215, &c.) Dardanus was a wanderer into Asia; and the l^nd seems to represent a tradition of the Dardani coming from Europe and seizing a part of Mysia. Dar- danos foui^ the country occupied by Teucri, who had a king Tencer. According to the authority of Cephalon (Steph. B. t.w. 'Ap^A} and ^idp9€»os% Dardanus came from Samothrace and married a daughter of Teuoer. Cephalon and Hellanicus could not agree about the woman's name. Strabo mentions a promontory Dardanis or Dar<« danium, about 70 stadia south of Abydus: it ap- pears to be the Kephiz Bunm of the Turks, and the PwUa dei Barbieri of the Europeans (Strab. pp^ 567, 595); and probably that which Pliny calla Trapeza. There was a tradition that the descendanta of Aeneas maintained themselves in part of tha inland territory of Dardania, after the war of Troy. Xenophon {HeU. iiL 1. § 10) speaks of one Zenis a Dardaneus, who had a principality in Mysia, and Scepsis and Gergitha were two of his strong places; but the territory that he had was not the old Dar- dania. Xenophon calls it the Aeolis of Phama^ basus. [G. L.] DARD A'NIA ( AopSarf a), a district in the south- western part of Moesia, which received its name from its inhabitants, the Dardani. (Ptol. iii. 9. § 6.) That district, now forming the southernmost portion of Servia, became a part of the praefecture of eastern Illyricum in the reign of Constantino. (Hierocl. p. 655: Notit. Imp.) [L.&] DA'RDANUS, DAltDANUM Oi hipiwos, r^ AdpSoffwi Eth, Aapiay^is), a city of the Troad, originally named Teucris. According to the legend told by Mnaseas (Steph. B. s. v. A<ip8«yor), Darda- nus bmlt or settled Dardanus, and named the countiy Dardania, which vras called Teucris before. [Dab- DAMiA.] This old story of Dardanns being the founder of the dty, is reported by various other au- thorities. (Apollod. iii. 12. § 1 ; Diod. iv. 75; Conon. apud PhoL Narr. 21.) It seems that the city waa sometimes called Dardania as well aa the country. Pliny (v. 30) names it Dardanium. It was si- tuated on the HellespaDt, about a mile south of the promontoiy Dardania or Dardanium (Map of the PUun of Troy, by GapL Graves and T. A. B. Spratt, Esq., London Geoff, Joumaif toI. xii.), aoid 7(> stadia from Abydus. Between Abydus and Dar- danus, says Strabo (p. 595), is the Rhodius. There are two streams marked in the map: one nearer Dardanus, which enters the Hellespcmt dose to the promontory of Dardanb } and another nearMteniia, a little north of which is the site of Abydus. Dr. Forchbammer, in the map referred to, which con- tains his determination of the ancient sites, makes the stream at StiUania to be the ancient Rhodius; and tills appears to be rizht, aooordiag to Strabo, who says that it enters Uie sea opposite to Cynos- sema in the Chersonesas. Strabo adds, however, some say that the Rhodius flows into the Aesepus; but of oourse the Rhodius mast then be a different river from the stream that enters the sea between Abydus and Dardanus (pp. 598, 603). Homer mentions the Rhodius (//. xii. 20). Strabo obeenres that the Dardanus of his time, the town on the coast, was not the okl town of Dardanus, or Dardanw, which appears from the Iliad to have been at the foot of Ida. It was an older town than Ilium, and did not exist in Strabo's time. The later Sg