Page:Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography Volume I Part 1.djvu/98

 i« foliovfed bj nar-chATiola, ^ith distiucdi Tbe munBTcb is also repTEsenled lU bocse of ojHU litUr or Ehrinc, and idnuKnog mlh his t^ringa to Ibo Unple of Ftauli. ULs atteDiknti mem, Srvm tbar dress, to belong to the militarj CMta .luM. (Wilkinson, Topograph^ of Thtbet, f.3»a.iMad.Sggpt,i<,liLp.43.). [W. B. D-l ALADIS, ALABUS or ALABON CAAa-i., Dioi. ; 'AAaSsc, Ptd. ; A1.UIS, SiL luL ziv. 227), a smll lii-cr on the £. anat of Sidlj, Honing into the Sinut Meguenaii. Diodorns de- Bcribea it u a considerable stream istnl large baoii, of artilicia] conslniclioii, ■ regarded as IIh vork of Daedalu^ and emptying itself after a short cdiuh into the BeL (Diod. iv. 78; Vih. Seqoest. p. 4.) This descriptioD emctly acoonb wilb tlial given bj Clnveriui of called Lt> Coaiaro, «luch isaua fiom ■ pious Bource onlj half a mile fmai the coast, and flowi into the wa jnst oppa«l« the modem atj of Augusta. Some traces of boildings were in luB time still visible aroond the basin 4^ its source. (Clover. SicU. f. 133; FsifllL voL i. p. 19B.) It is pmbsblo that the Abolus ('AeoAos) of Plnlarch, on the banks of nbicb Timoleun defeated Mamereos, the tjranl nf Catajia, in a pitched battle, is no other than the Alahua. (Pint. TiaioL 34.) A town of the same name with Ihe river is mentioned bj Ste- pbsnns of BTiantiun (v. 'AAoftir), bnt is not Dotifo) b; BO/ other writer. [E. H. B.} ALAESAorHALE'SACA>aHra,Diod.; Strab.; Ptd.; Udesa, SU. Ital. liv. 218; Halesim, Cic Plin.), s city of Baly, iituaUid neai the north coast of the isbuid, between Cephaloedium and Calscla. It was of Siculian origin, and its fooadation is re- lated by IModffliks, who informs us that in b. c 403 the inhabilanta of Herbila (a Siculian city), bating concluded peace with Dionysjus of Syracuse, their ruler or chief magistrate Archonides detomined to qnit the city and found a new colony, which he settled partly with citizens of Herbita, and portly with mercenarica and ether strangers who collected around him tbnmgh enmity tanaiiis Dionysius. He gave to this new colony the name of Alaess, to which Ihe e|uthet Archonidea was frequently added for the purpoM of diitinctton. Others attributed the foundotiuii of tlio city, but erroneously, to the Cartbaguiiaas. (Diod. itv. 16.) It quickly rose to proaperity by maritime commerce: and at the eommencement of the First Punic War was one of Ihe lirst of the Sicilian cities to moke its sntmussion to the Homans, to whose alliance it continned steadily hithful. It was doubtless ta its conduct in this respect, and to (be services that it was able to ren. der to the Bomans during their wan in Sicily, that it was mdehted for the peculiar privilege of retain- ing its own laws and independence, exempt Jrom all ta^utioD : — an odvantnge enjoyed by only fire cities of Sicily. (Diod. liv. 16. ixiii. Eic. H. p. SOI; Cic. I'err. ii. 49, 69, ill. 6.) In consequence of this Advantageous po^tirai it me ra[adly in wealth and prosperity, and became one of the most Souriah- ing cities of Sicily. On one occauoQ [Is citizens, having been involved in disputes among themselves concerning the chdee of the senate, C. Claudius Pulcher was sent, at their own request in B. c. 9S, to regulate the matter by a htw, which be did to ALAGOXIA. of all parties. leges did not protA]t tbam from Ihe exactions at hatieu both in com and mwey. (Id. ib. 73 — 75; Ep. ad Fam. xili. 32.) The city appears to have subsequently declined, arid had soak in the time ut Augustus to the condition of an cadinary muni- dpal lon-n (CaslelL /njcr. p. 37): but wbi still one cf the few places en the luvth coast of Sicily which Strobo deemed worthy of mentioa. (SOsb. vL p. 27!.) Pbiy also enumerates it among the "stipendiariaecivitatee''of Scily. (ZT.JV. iii. 6.) Great dlflerence of opiniou has existed with r^anl to the site of Alaoa, arising priodpally from tfaa discrepancy in the distances asdgned by Sirabo, the Itineraiy, and Ihe Tabula. Sane aS these are ou- doubtedly csrrupt or erroneous, but on the whole there can be no dotibt that its situaticn is ncrectly fixed by Cluverios tai Tctmuniia at the (pot mailed by an old chorch called Sla. Maria fa Paiale, near the modem town of IWo, and above the river Ptttinto. This site coincida jerfeclly with the eifnesicn of Diodorns (xiv. IG), that the Iowa was built " uu a hill about 8 stadia from the seai" as well as with the distance of eighteen H.P. from Cepbaloedium assigned by the Tabula. (Tbe Itinerary girea 28 by an easy error.) The mina described by Faxello as viuble there hi his time were such as lo indicate the site of a large dty, aoJ aeieral inscriptions have been tonnd m the apol, acme of them referring distinctly to Alseoa. One of these, whidi is of ccsksiderable length and import- ance, gives numerous local details couccniing the divisicau of land, &«., and meutioas lepeatidly a rivei AtAEBUB, evidently the some with the Ha- Lzsua of Columella (i. 268), and which is probably the modem Ptttinea ; as well as a fountain lumml iFiaKHA. This is jierhaps the same spoken of by Sohnns (5. % 20) and Frisdau (Perirga. 500), but without mentioning its name, as existing in the terri- tory of Holeso, the waters of which were awola and agitated by the sound of music. Faiello describes the ruins as extending from the sea-shore, en which were the remains of a large building (probably baths), for the space oE more tbsn a mile to tba citadel. About 3 miles further inloml was a lar^ fountain (probably the Ipyrrha of the inscriptiiHi), veyed its waters to the dty. All trace of these ruins has now disappeared, except some portions t£ the aqueduct : but fragments of stoCaee, as well aa ooiuB and inscriptions, have been frequently di^.- covered m the spot. (Faiell. dt Kdi. Sic. iz. 4 ; Cluvor. Sica. pp. !d8— 290; Boeckh, C. I. torn. iii. pp. 612 — 621; Castelli, Hitl. Alaetat, Paaortn. 1753; li. Imct. Sk. p. 109; Biscari, Vti^gio n SicUia, p. 343.) 3^ [E. H. B.] -■"■'■'I-*- ^ti?.:*>'^'>^U^')Wi^-a^g3ea