Page:Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography Volume I Part 1.djvu/733

 CTIMESE. v.9;SpBr1Uii.&cer.c.l6;ZoBini.i.a.) Itwra g placo at t!i« linio of JqILui'i (Amni. Miirc. xiit, G; (iirf^. Nu. OniC. in Julian. 3), nnd in the time of Gnllienus,— for, though Ode- niChoB was sble to rsTBge the whole of the adjiniiiDg conntij SB fir u EmisB, the walla of CtesiphoD were AofficieDtlj Birong to protect thobe who fied within them, (/jieim. 1. 38.) From the fMt that Fliny (tL 3D) sUtes Chat Ctesiphun wm> in GliBlonilie and that ?olf bios (t. 44} >peaju of KoAarlTii, it has been conjectured bf some geographeie that Cteaiphon was «D the site of the primeval citj Chalneh (Gena. t. Iff); bnt there is no reason to suppose thatCIialonitia •iteiided so Ikr to the west, and ne have no ccrtun Cridencs that it deiircd lis name from Cbalneh. (llieron^. Quoat. m Genet, and Conaneni. Amog. vi, 2,) In more modem times the site of Ctesiphon faaa been identified with a pUca called hy the Araha Al Madam (the two ciliea). (Abulfcda, Geogr. ii. p. 309.) At present then are in ths neigbboor- bool some ruina pupnUrtj callsd T&k Kara, or ths Arch of Chogroea, which have been noticed bj manj tnTellera, and have been anpposed to be nmaina of the palace of ona of the Saseanian princes at thia plaoB. (Siehnhr, L c; Ives, JVaoeif, ii, p. 112; Delia Valk, i. lett. 18.) [V.] CTI'MENE (Kri/ifrij), a town in Tbessaly, on lh« bonlen of Dolopia and Phthia, near the lake Xyniaa. (ApoU. Bhod. i. 67.) The town called CyDHoa in ths present text of Liiy (uiii. 13) is probablj a cormptioo of Ctimene. Stephanos B, mantions a tradition, that Ctimene had been given hj Peleni to Phoenii (>. c. Kvifi^). (Leake, Norlhim Greece, vol. iv. p. 517.) CUA'MUS, or CUKA'LIUS. 1. A river of Theoaly. [Ciebiitm.] a. A river of Doeotia. [See p. 412, b.} CUBALLUll, a place which the craisal Co. Man- liuB came to in his march into Galatia from the river Alander. [Ai,«mdbk.] He passed throngh the Azjlei or woodleaa conntry before ha reached " Cu- baUamGatli^raeciaocaiitfllnm.'' (Liv. xxiriii. 18.) From Cuballum or Cnballiu he reacted the river Sangariua, and crossing it came to Gordinm. Livj aajs that Manlioa marched from Cuballnm to the Sangariui " continentjbua itineribns;" bnt tlut ei- prBsBiDn does not tell ns the number of marches. Leake aaja that " it is evident that the consul nai not marching inanjt«gnlar hoe during tJiese liaja ;" and he thinka it " not at all improbable that he maj have advanced aa far ecnthward as the Cahallncome, lOaced in the Table at S3 M. X>. from Laodiceia, and ■t 39 from Sabalraj and ooneeqnentlj that the Ca- ballucome of Iha Table may be the same as the Cu- ballum of Lirj" (^Atia Uaior, p. 89). Any Dpimon of ao emiiwnt a geographer ia entitled to cofunder- atioa; bat an eiaminalion of the narrBtive of Llvy and of the position of Caballncume will show that Cuballum cannot posublj be the place wher« ths Table places Caballncome. [G. L.] CUBI. [BrrtiBiOKS Cubl] CUCULUM (Itofiwi/Aoi-, SIrab. v. p. 238), a town of Central ilalj, mentioned only by Scrabe, who telle ttn that it was b™- theVia Valeria, bat not on it, and aeemt to place it after Carwoli and Alba, in follow- ing lis course rf that road. There can be little donbt that it has been correctly fixed by Kulstenlua (A^ot. ad Clm. p. 133), at a place atill called Cu- aUh, a small town on the ridge of the Apennines, that aepaiatci the Uuin of the take FadoM fram CULARO. 715 tbe valky of Corfinium and Sulmo, and abnnt 5 milea from the paas of the Forca Carroia, where the Via Valeria traverses the ridge in qaeslion. It would he thus on the very confines of the Marsi and Peligni, hnt it is not known to which people it he- longed. (Romanelli. vol. iu. pp. 139, 140; but cce Kramer, jDer Fudafr &e, p. 6 1, note.) [E. H. B.] CUCU'SUS (ft KooiioKroiJi, Eustalh. ad Dion. Per. 6B4), COCU'SUS, or COCD'SUM, a place in Cataonia several times mentioned in the Antonino Itin.; and probably the Oclacuscus of the Table. The Jtin. places it 62 M. P. from Coinana of Cappa- docia. It was the place of hanii'liment of Chryscis- tomue, A. I). 404. It seems to be Coaov or Gogign, as it is namfd m some modem maps. [Cataonia, p. 569.] [G. L.] CmCUL (/(w.viBip.29i NBlU-Ajr-i Cut/. CKUi, TtA. PeoL: KoAXnini Ki>tiriii, Ptol. iv. 3. g 29 : JivmilaK, Kn.), a city of Nmnidia Caeaari- ensis (aft. Ktifensis), on the right bank of the river Ampeaga, 35 M. P. nmlh-east of Stifia, oa the high road to Conalantina. [P. S.] CTTLARO, afterwards GRATIAKOTOLIS (Crs- (uila), a town in Gallia, on the liars (/«r«), a branch of the AAone. It ia placed in the Table, under the cormpted name of Cnlahonc, on a road btxa the Alpia Cottta (^MntU Genhre) to Vienna ( Vienne). It has been a matter of dispute whether Cnlaro was in the territory of the Allobroges, bnt there ia liltls donbt that it was. There ia a letter from Plancna to Cicero (ad Fam. i. 23), which ia dated " Cnlarone ei finiboa Allobrogum," Tho common reading ia "Civarone," or "Ciuronej" but there is also a reading " Cuisrone," which in fact ia the same, the only diflerence being in the position of the " L" There seema no doubt that thin riame re- presents " Cnlarone." A modem French writer, who admits that Phincus wrote hie letter from CuUro, maintains that "ex finibns" means "near the fron- tiera of the Allobroges," a trunslation quite incon- aiatent with Latin nsage. The Geographer of Ra- venna writes the name '* Coraro," instead of ** Cu- laro;" and "Cnraro' only difiers from "Cuiaro," one of the readings inCicero'a text, in a lingle letter, " i," which mw esMly be confounded with " r." It appears bvoi two inscriptions found on one of the old gates of Crenotte, — one lA which haa only been demolished wiihin the memory of man, — that Colars retained Its name to a. d. 2S8. Nothing is known (f Cuiaro (or a long ^me after this letter of riancuB. Three hundred and thirty-two years later U. AureUna Val. Maiimisnus mlored the walls of Cnlaro, and gave hia anmama Bercniena to that gate of the city which waa previonaly called Vien- nensia, and the name Jovia to the gate which waa previoosly called Bomana. Thia is proved by thi two inacriptiona, which have been correctly pub- lished in the work of Champollion de Figeac, Anti- piiUt dt GrtaobU. It is siud that 83 inacriptiana have been fonnd at Grenoble at diflerent timea. The nsloratim of the walls of Cnlaro, already men- timed, was mads about a. d. S88. In A. n. 379, the emperor Gratianus, being in Gaul, enlarged Cn- laro, and gave to it bis own name Gratianopolis, which it pnaerrea in the corrupted tem of Gre- noble. It seema likely that Gratianua made it a bishop^s see^ at least we know that there waa a biahop of Gratianopolis in a. d. 381. Civilas Gra- tianopolis appears in the Notitia of the prorinoes of Gallia among the uUes of the divi«an of Gallia , called Viennenusj and yet the old name Cuiaro waa
 * nd Ibn-al-Vsnii's Daaipt. of Irak, Siebuhr, vol.