Page:Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography Volume I Part 1.djvu/726

 708 CRITHOTE. docia, where all the anny of Xenes was mustered, and from which he set oot to march to Sardis. (Herod, tu. 26.) He croeBed the Halys after leavii^ Critalla, and came to Oelaeoae Id Phrygia. This is the only indication of the position of Gritalk. [G.L.] CRITHOTE. [AcARNANiA, p. 9, b.] GRIU-METOPON (Kfnw t^rww, PtoL in. 6. § 2; Scymn. Ch. Fr. 80; Anon. PeripLPont Eux, p. 6; Pomp. Mela, ii. 1. § 3 ; Plin. iy. 26, x. 30; Avien. 228; Priscian, 92: Aia-b9tnm), the great sontfaem headland of the Crimea, which, loddng across the Eoxine to the promontory of Casambis on the coast of Asia Minor, divides it, as it were, into two parts by a line which the imagination supplies between the 3l8t and 32d degrees df longi- tnde, and which, according to the ancients, gate tiie whole sea the shape of a Scythian bow. The two pcnnts of land are so remarkable, that many navi- gators, as Strabo (ii. p. 124, viL p. 309, zi. p. 496, ziL p. 545) reports, affinwid that they had in sail- ing between them seen both lands to the N. and S. at once, though the distance between the two capes is 2500 stadia. According to Plutarch (^De FUm, p.28), it was called by the natives Brizaba(Bf>£|a6a), which meant Barn's Head. Cape Aia, the southern- most of the three headlands, is described as a rery high, bluff, bold-looking land, much lilce the North Foreland, but much higher, and in a sketch of the coast line it is estimated at about 1200 feet, the same elevation which is assigned to it by Pallas. (Jourtk Geog. Soc. vol. i. p. 1 13.) [E. B. J.] CRIU-METOPON (Kpiov n4rmrov, Ptol. iu. §2; Scyiaz; StadiamL §§ 317, 318; Pomp. Mel. ii. 7. § 12; Plin. iv. 12. s. 20, v. 5. s. 5 : Kdvo KHo% the SW. promontory of Crete, 125 M. P. f^m Phycns of Cyrenaica (Plin. iv. 12. s. 20), or two days and two mghts' sail (Strab. z. p. 475; Dion Per. 87.) Off this headland lay the three small islands called Musagonie Elapkonesia. (Plin. L c). [E. B. J.] ORIUSb [AcHAiA, p. 13, b.] CROBIALUS (KptoAaXos : Eih. KfwCcoXt^f), a place on the Paphlagooian coast, mentioned by Apollonius Rhodius {Arg. iL 944), with Cromna and Cytorus ; and Valerius Flaccus (,Arg. v. 103) has the same name. Stephanus («. o.) quotes the verse of Apollonius. We may assume that it was in the neighbourhood of Cromna and Cytorus. Strabo (p. 545) observes of the line in Homer (/tii.855),— Kp&ftvdy T* ktytaXSp re koI i^kovs *Epv$Ufom, — that some persons write KeiStoXop in place of AlyiaX6y. Grobialus and Cobialus seem to be the same place, as Cramer observes. I^ then, Crobialus is the same as Aegialos, it is that part of the Paphlagonian coast, whidi extends in a long line for more than 100 stadia, immediately east oi Cy- torus. [G. L.] CROBYZI (Kp^Co*), a people of Moesia, near the frantsers of Thrace. (Ptol. iii. 10. § 9 ; Strab. p. 318; camp. Herod, iv. 49; Anonym. Per^ PonL Etuc. p. 13.) [L. S.] CRCCEAE (KpoK4eui Etk, KpoKtdrns)^ a vil- lage of Laoonia on the road from Sparta to Gythium, and near the latter pkoe, cdebrated for its marble quarries. Pa,usanias describes the marble as difficult to work, but when wrought forming beautiful deoo- rations for temples, baths, and fountains. There was a marble statue of Zeus Crooeates before the Tillage, and at the quarries bronze statues of the Dioscuri. (Paus. ui, 21. § 4.) The most cele- CROCODILOPOLIS. fcrated of the Corinthian baths was adorned with marble from the quarries at Croceae. (Pans. ii. 3. § 5.) These quarries have been discovered by the French Commission two miles SE. of Lev^ttova ; and near the viUage have been found some blodcs of marble, probably ihe renuuns of the statue of Zeus Croceates. A memorial of the worship of the Dioscuri at this place still ezists in a bas-rdirf, representing the two gods with their hones: beneath is a Latin inscription. The mwble in these qnaxries is green porphyiy; and though not suitahle for Gr^n tem^es, it would be greatly prized by the Romans, who employed eztensively variegated kinda of marble for Uie decoration of their buildings. Hence it is probable that the marble celebrated by the Romans under the name of Laconian was th» green porphyry from Croceae ; and that it was the quarries of this plaee which, Strabo says (via. p. 367), were opened by the Romans at Taygetua. {DetcHptUm de la Mori&, GeogmotU, vol. iL pi. iL p. 129 ; Leake, Pdopotmuiaoa, p^ 170 ; Cortiua, PdopcimuoB^ vol. ii. p. 266.] CROCLAlTONUM (KpoKuiroror, PtoL iL 8), CRONdAOOMiruH iu the Table. Ptolemy makes it a port of the Unelli or Yeneli, a Gallk nation who occupied part of Bretagtie. The Table contains a route from Alauna {AUeaume) to Caesarodunum {Tour8)j in which the nezt station to Alauna is Cronciaooonnm, distant 10| M. P. from Alauna. Its position, therefore, depends on that of Alaniia. Crociatonum lies between Alauna and Augustodoms (Bageux), from which it is 31| M. P. dbtsot. D'Anville, who places Alauna at the Mculiert d'Alofmej fizes Crociatonum at VaiogneSf in the de- partment of La JIfanche. Accordingly be oonsidefs that there is an error in Ptolemy, for the place is called a port in one MS. at least But if Alauna is near Vcdognet, Crociatonum must be looked far elsewhere. Walckenaer places it at the village of TurquofilUf west of Audtmmllej at the entrance of the bay of Imgng, There may have been both a town and a port of the same name. Some geogra^ phers would fiz Crociatonum at Caremtem^ west of luigmf. [G. L.] CROCOCOLAKUM, in Britain, mentioned in the sizth Itinerary as 12 niiles from lindnm (Zincolis). Identified, on insufficient grounds, with Broug^ m. Nottinghamshire. [R. G. I..3 CROCODEILON, a river of Syria, near which there was formerly a town of the same name (K|>o. iroSeUw r^it), between Caesarea Palaestinae and Ptdemau (StnO). zvi. p. 758; Plin. v. 17. s. 19> It is now identified with the Nahir Zerka, in which, according to Pococke (TVop. vol. ii. p. 58.), cnxso- diles have been found. (Voa Ramner, jBalasftfia, pp.53, 191.) [E.B.J.3 CROCODILO'POLIS (KpomO^ikw wikUy PtoL iv. 5. § 65: Eth, KpoKoi^tXowoXlnisy, the name of several cities in Egypt, derived from the heal woisfaip of the crocodile. 1. Arsinoe in the Heptanomis, and the Aisinocte nome of the Ptofemaic era, were, under the Pfaararoiis, called respectively Crocodilopoiis and the Crooocllk>. polite nome. (Steph. B. s. v.) The crocodile vnu here domesticated and worshipped. It fed from the hands of the priests of Arsinoe. [Arsxnob]. (Aelian, H. An. z. 24; Plin. N,H. v. 9, 11, zzzvi. 16.) 2. A town in the Aphroditopolite nome of the Thebaid,'on the western bank of the Kile, ]mL 2S° S' N., of which ruins are still visible at Embetkambt, on the verge of the Libyan desert [W. B. D.]