Page:Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography Volume I Part 1.djvu/66

 «0 AENEIA. indeed, uses both indiffereatljr. (See also Appian, B, C. V. 69.) Livy, in one passage (viii. 22), speaks of " Aenaria et Pithecusas," and Mela (il. 7) also enumorates separately Pithecosa, Aenaria, and Pro- chjta. Bat this is clearly a mere confusion arising from the doable appdlation. Plinj tells us (iii. 6. 12) that the Greek name was derived from the pot- tery (xiSoi) manafactured there, not as commonly supposed from its abounding in apes (ir((h)icoi). But the latter derivation was tbe popular one, aind was connected, by some writers, with the mythological tale of the Cercopes. ^ (Xenagoras op, Harpocr. #. «. Kcp«rfl4; Ovid. ilfe^. xiv. 90.) The name of Inaiuub is peculiar to the Latin poets, and seems to have arisen from a confusion with the "ApifiM of Homer and Hesiod, after the fable of Typhoons had been transferred from Asia to the volcanic regions of Italy and Sicily. (Strab. v. p. 248, xiil. p. 626; Pherecyd. ap, Schol odApoU. Rhod. it. 1210.) The earthquakes and volcanic outbursts of this island were already ascribed by Pindar {P$tii, i. 18) to the struggles of the im- prisoned giant, but the name of Inarime is first found in Virgil, from whom it is repeated by many later poets. Ovid erroneously distinguishes Inarime from Pithecusae. (Virg. Aen, ix. 716; Ovid. MtL xiv.90; SU.ItaLviii.542, xii. 147; Lucan.v.lOO; Stat. Silv, ii. 2. 76 ; and see Heyne, Exc. ii. ad Virg. ^en. ix.; Wemsdorf, Exc, iii. ad LuciL Aet- nam,') The idea, that both this and the neighbour- ing island of Prochyta had been at one time united to the miunland, and broken off from it by the violence of the same volcanic causes which were still in operation, is found both in Strabo and Pliny, and was a natural inference from the phenomena actually observed, but cannot be regarded as resting upon anv historical tradition. (Strab. ii. p. 60, v. p. 258 ; Plin. ii. 88.) [E. H. B.] AENEIA (A&cia: Eih. AIvm^s, Alytdrns), a town of tlhalcidice in Macedonia, said to have been founded by Aeneas, was situated, according to Livy, opposite Pydna, and 15 miles from Thessalonica. It appears to have stood on the promontory of the great Karabumu, which forms the NW. comer of the peninsula of Chalcidicc, and which, being about 10 geographical miles in direct distance from Tliessalo- iiica, may be identified with tlie promontory Aeneium of Scymnus. Aeneia must thereforo have been further N. than Pydna. It was colonised by the Corinthians. (Scymnus Ch. 627.) It is mentioned by Herodotus, and continued to be a place of im-' portanoe down to the time of the Roman wars in Greece, although we are told that a great part of its population was removed to Thessalonica, when the latter city was founded by Cassauder. (Herod, vii. 123; Strab. p. 330; Dionys. i. 49; Lycophr. 1236 and Schol.; Virg. ^ en. iii. 16; Steph. B. a. v.; Liv.
 * sl. 4, xliv. 10, 32; Loakfif Northern Greece^ voL iii.

p. 451.) COIN OF AENEIA. AENIA'NES. [Thessalia.] AENUS (Alyos: Eth, Affios, Aiwiriji, Aenius: Snos), a town of Thrace, situated upon a promon- tory on the south-eastern side of the Palus Stentoris, AEOLES. through which one of the mouths of the Hebni» makes its way into the sea. According to Virgil (^en. iii. 18), it was founded by Aeneas when he landed there on his way from Troy, but there does not seem any more authority for this statement than the .similari^ of the names; bat its antiquity is attested by the fitct qf its being mentioned by H(»ner (//. iv. 519). According to Herodotus (viL 58) and Thucydides (vii. 57), Aenus was an Aoolic colony. Neither of them, however, mentions from what particular place it was colonised. Scymnus Chins (696) attributes its foundation to Mytilenc; Stepfaanus Byzant to Cumae, or, according to Mci- neke*s edition, to the two places conjointly. Accord- ing to Strabo (p. 319), a more ancient name of the place was Poltyobiia. Stephanos says it was also called Apsinthas. Little especial mention of Aenus occurs till a comparativdy late period of Grecian history. It is mentioned by Thucydides {L c.) that Aenus sent ferces to the Sicilian expedition as a subject ally of Athens. At a later period we find it successively in the possession of Ptolemy Philopator, b. c. 222 (PoL T. 34), of Philip, king of Macedonia, b. g. 200 (Liv. xzxi. 16), and of Antiochus the Great. After the defeat of the latter by the Romans, Aenus was dedared free. (Liv. xxxviii. 60.) It was still a free city in the time of Pliny (iv. 1 1). Athenaeus (p. 351) speaks of the climate of Aenos as being peculiarly ungeniaL He describes the year there as consisting of eight months of cold, and four of winter. [H. W.] COIN OF AENUS. AENUS (A7woj, PtoL ii. 11. § 5; Oenns, Itm. Anton.: /im), a river rising in the Rhaetian or Tridentinc Alps, dividing Rhaetia Secunda (Vinde- lieia) from Nwicum, and flowing into the Danube, of which it was one of the principal feeders, at Passan. (Tac. IlisL iii. 5.) [W. B. D.] AE'OLES (AtoA«?j) or AEGXH, one of the four races into which tlie Hellenes are usually divided, are represented as descendants of the mythical Aeolus, the son of Hellen. {Diet, of Biogr. », v. ^eo/«fs.) Hellcn is said to have left his kingdom in Thessalj to Aeolus, his eldest son. (Apoll<^. L 7. § 3.) A portion of Thessaly was in ancient times called Aeolis, in which Arne was the chief town. It was from this district that the Aeolian Boeotians were driven out by the Thessalians, and came to Boeotia. (Herod, vii. 176; Diod. iv. 67; Thuc. L 12.) It is supposed by some that this Aeolis was the district on the Pagasetic gulf; but there are good reasons for believing that it was in the centre of Thessaly, and nearly the same as the district Thessaliotis in later times. (Muller, Dorians, vol. ii. p. 475, seq.) We find the Aeolians in many other parts of Greece, be- sides Thessaly and Boeotia ; and in the earliest times they appear as the most powerful and the most nu- merous of the Hellenic races. The wealthy Minjae appear to liuvc been Aeolians; and we have mention