Page:Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography Volume I Part 1.djvu/649

 CLATERNA. coDsnl with his own hand. (PoL ii. 34; Pint Man, 6; VaL Max. iii. 2. § 5; Gic Tmc. vr. 22.) On this oecaiion the GanU had laid siege to Clastidinm, whieh thus appears to have heen iJreadj a place of strength and importance. At the oommenoement of the Second Pnnic War it was selected by the Romans as a fortress in which they deposited large stores of com, but the commander of the garrison, a native of Brendoriam, betrayed it into the hands of Hannibal, who made it his place of arms for his operatians on theTrebia. (Pol. in. 69; Uv. rn. 48.) Its nsme is afterwards repeatedly mentioned during the wars of the Romans with the Gispadane Gauls and their Liguriau allleB, and appears to have been one of the most considerable pUces in this part of Italy. (Liv. zxxiL 29, SI.) In one passage Livy terms it a Lignrisn city, bnt it seems certain that it was properly a Gaulish one: Polybius tells us that it was in the territory of the .Andri (ii. 34), but this name is probably a corruptian of Anamari or Ananes. (Schweigh. ad loe.) After the Roman conquest it seems to have fallen into insignificance, and though noticed by Strabo as still existing in his time, is not mentioned by any later writer, uai is not found in the Itineraries. Thoe can however be no doubt that the •modem town of Casteggio or ChkMeggio retains the ancient rite as well as taaon, [£. H. B.] GLATEBNA (KAdrcpva: Qmiema), a town of Gallia Gispodana, situated on the Via Aemilia, be- tween BooMNiia and Fonun Gomelii. The Itineraries place it 10 M. P. fimn the former and 13 from the latter dty. (lUn. Ant. p. 287 ; Itln. Hier. p. 616 ; Tab. Pent) It is mentioned in history during the <^ieratiens which preceded the battle of Mutina b. g. 43, on which occasion it was occupied with a garrison byAntonius, but this was afterwards expelled, and •tiie phoe taken by Hirtius. (Gic. PhU viii. 2, ad Fam. xiL 5.) Under the Roman empire it appears to have been a considerable municipal town, snd as late as the 4th century is still mentioned in the .Jerusalem Itinerary as a '^ dvitas." (Strab. v. p. 2 16 ; Plin. iii. 15. s. 20; PtoL iii. 1. § 46; Itin. Hier. /. e.) St. Ambrose however speaks of it as much decayed in his time (^EpuL xxxix. 3). The period of its final decline or destruction is unknown, bnt it is almost the only town on the Aemilian Way which has not preserved its existence as such in modem times: the name (slightly altered into Quadema) is however retained by a small stream which crosses the road about 9 miles from Bologna, and an old church with a few honses adjoining it, about a mile to the N. of the road, is still called Sta Maria di Quadema. The ancient town was however certainly •itnated on the h^h road. [E. H. B. J CLAUDA (KAo^, AeL ApotL xxvii. >^ ; KAoSSof, Ptol. iii. 17. § 11), also called QgjswM (MeL iL 7 ; Plin. iv. 12. s. 20), now (roeia, i^ small GLAZOHENAE. 631 GLAU'DIA, a town in the northern part of Koricum (Plin. iiL 27), and perhaps the same as ClanidMmi (KAavStracoy or VLXaMnow) men- ttoned by Ptolemy (u. 14. § 3> [L. S.] GLAUDI0T0LIS(KAau8i^TOAif). 1. Ammia^ BUS (xiv. 25) mentions Selenda and Glaudiopolis as dtieB of Gilicia, or of the oonntiy drained by the Galy- cadnus ; and GlaudiopoUa was a cokmy of Glaudlus Gaesar. It is descriM by Tbeophanes as situated in a plain between the two Tauri, a description which exactly corresponds to the position of the basin of the Gidycadnus. [Giucia, p. 617.] Glaudiopolis day therefixe be represented by Mout^ whidi is higher tip the valley than Sdenda, and near the junction of the northern and westem Immches of the Galycadnns. It is also the place to which the pass over the northern Taurus leads from Laranda. (Leake, Asia Minor, pp. 117, 319.) PUny (v. 24) mentions a Glaudiopolia of Gappadoda, and Ptolemy (v. 7) has a Glaudiopolis in Gataonia. Both these passages and those of Ammianus and Theoptianes are cited by Foibiger to prove that there is a Glaudio- polis in Gataonia, though it is manifest that the pas- sage in Ammianus at least can only apply to a town in the valley of the Galycadnus in GiUcia Tiadieai. The two Tauri of Theophanes might mean the Tauras and Antitaurus. But Hierodes places Glau- diopolis in Isauria, a description which cannot apply to the Glaudiopolis of Pliny and Ptolemy. 2. A town of the Trocmi m GaUtia; the site is unknown. (PtoL v. 4.) 3. [BlTHTNIUlf.l [G.L.] GLAU'DIUS MONS, a mountain range in Pan- nonia, the eastern slope of which was inhabited by the Taurisd, and the westem slope by the Scor^sd. (Plin. iii. 28.) This range is probably the same as the mountains near Warasdin on the river Drave. fL. S.] GLAUDI'VIUM. [Glaudia.] GLAUSENTUM, in Britain, the first station of the seventh Itinerary between Regnum and Londi- nium, distant from l£e former 20 miles. Ten miles beyond Glausentnm lay Vmta Belgarum bs Win^ chaster. This places Glausentum in the neighbour- hood of SouthampioHy and it has been identified with that town and also with Bishop's Waltham, [R.G.L.] GLAU'SULA. [Barbama.] GLAUTINA'TII (KXauru^uu), a Vjnddidan tribe mentioned by Strabo (p. 206), and apparently the same as the CaUna t es in the inscription in Pliny (iii. 24). [L. &] GLAVENNA,- a town of Rhaetia, but on the Italian ride of the Alps, still called Chiavama, was rituated about 10 miles finom the head of the Lacus Larins, at the foot of the pass which led from thence over the SpiSgen, The andent name of this pass is not preserved to us, but we leam from the Itinera- ries that it was f^uented in andent times: as well as another, which separated from it at Glavenna, and led by a more circuitous route over the Mt, S^thner to Guiia (Cotre), where it rejdned Hie preceding road. (Itin. Ant. pp. 277, 278 ; Tab. Pent; P. Diac. vL 29.) It was by one or other of these passes that Stilicho crossed the Alps in mid- winter, an expldt celebrated by Glaudian. (de B. GeL 320^--358.) Glavenna probably derived some importance from its porition at the junction of these two passes : as does the modem town of Chiaioemia, which is the capital of the surrounding district [E. H. B.] GLAZOHENAE (KAaCoAMva/: Eth, KAoCoft^ island off the SW. coast of Gretei CztmJiA, ''^ ' iWi Vios: Keluman), one of the cities of Ionia. Strabo (p. 644) fixes its porition within certain limits ac- curatdy enough. Glazomoiae occupied the northern ride of an isthmus, of which the Tdi had the southern part; and this isthmus is the neck of land that con- nects the peninsula on which Eiythrae stands with the mainknd. The Glazcmenii had the Smymari for their ndghboaxs on the east, snd the Eiythrad on the west; and on the west ride, at the print where the isthmus commenced, there was a rugged spot which was the boundary of the territories of Erythrae and Glazomenae. Between Erythrae, which was on the west coast of the peninsula, ani this mgged boundary was the promontory of Mimas, a mountain 8S4