Page:Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography Volume I Part 1.djvu/611

 CERONES. It lay in a bay, 3 days* voyage S. and E. of the river Lixns; was about 6 stadia in circuit; and was reckoned by Hanno as fkt from the Pillars of Hercules as the PUlars were from Carthage ; and as being in a straight line with Carthage (irar* €v6h Kttrai KapX'n^6ros^ by which he seems to mean on the same meridian, falling into the error, afterwards repeated by Ptolemy, of making the W. coast of Africa to end E. of S. instead c^ W. of S. (Hanno, p. 3.) Scyiaz places it near the river Xion (which no other writer mentions : it seems to be the Lixns of Hanno and others), 7 days' voyage from the promontoiy Soloeis, and 12 days* voyage from the Straits ; he adds that the sea was unnavigable beyond it on account of the shoals and mud and sea- weed (but Hanno advanced much further) ; and he proceeds to describe the trade carried on there by the Phoenicians with the Ethiopians. (Scylax, Pe- ripL pp. 53 — 55.) Dionysius Periegetes places it at the S. extremity of Aethiopia (217 — ^219) : — 'Ej' Z^ fiuxouri BSffKom' iimlpoio irayvaraToi AlOioi^cr, a^f 4v* *Xliccay^ irv/tdri^s iraf>& rifur^a K4pvris, Polybius placed the island at the extreme S. of Mauretama, over against M. Atlas, one M. P. from the shore. (Plin. vL 31. s. 36, comp. x. 8. s. 9.) Ptolemy mentions it as one of the islands adjacent to Libya, in the W. Ocean, in 59 long, and 23^ 40' N. lat«, 40' N. of the mouth of his river Subus. (Ptol. iv. 6. § 33 ; comp. § 5.) Diodorus, in his mythical narrative of the war of the Amazons of the li^e Tritonis against the Atlanteans, mentions Ceme as an island and city of the latter, and as taken with immense slaughter by the former (Diod. iii. 54 ; comp. Palaephat 32). Strabo only menticHis Ceme in order to ridicule Eratosthenes for believing in its existence. (Strab. i. p. 47.) The position of Ceme has been much discussed by modem geographers ; and, indeed, the geography of Hanno's voyage turns very much upon it [Libya.] The extreme views are those of Gosselin and Rennell. The former, who carries the whole voyage of Hanno no further S. than C. iVun, in about 28^ N. lat., identifies Ceme with FedaUahy on the coast of Fez^ in about 33^ 40' N. lat., which is pretty certainly too far N. Major Bennell places it as far S. as Arguin^ a little S. of the southern C. Blanco^ in about 20^ 5' N. lat. Heeren, Mannert, and others, adopt the intermediate position of AgadiVj or Santa CrvZy on the coast of Maroceo, just below C. Gkiry the termination of the nudh chain of the Atlas, in about 30^ 20' N. lat A sound decision is hardly possible ; but, on the whole, the weight of evidence 8«ems in favour of Bennell*s view. (Rennell, Geo- graphy of Herodotus^ sect 26, vol. ii. pp. 415,416, 419 — 423 ; Heeren, Reaearchet^ tfc^ African Na- tionSf vol. i. app. v. pp. 497 — 500.) [P. S.] CERCNES {Kifwpfs), in Britain, mentioned by Ptolemy (ii. 3. § 11), as lying next to the Epidii, and to the west of the Creones ; the Epidii being to the east of the Promontory Epidium ( » Mull of Cimtyre). Parts of Dtanbarton and Argyleahire are the likeliest modem equivalents. [R. G. L.] CERRETA'NI (Kt^ovoi, Strab. iii. p. 162; Ath. xiv. p. 657; K^^potravoi, Ptol. ii. 6. § 69), a small people of Hispania Tarraconensis, in the valleys <m the Sw side of the Pyrenees, especially the upper yalley of the river SicoRia {Segre)^ which still retains the name of Cerdagne. They were of Iberian race, and were celebrated for the curing of hams. CERYNEIA. 593 which rivalled those of Cantabria, and brought them lai^o profits. (Strab., Ath. U, cc, ; Mart^ xiii. 54 ; Sil. Ital. iii. 358.) They were situated W. of the AusETANt and N. of the Ileroetes (Ptol.). In Pliny's time, they were divided into the Juliani and Augustani (Plin. iii. 3. s. 4). The only city mentioned as in their country (except perhaps the -► ?M^ Brachyle of Stephanus Byz. s. v. Bpax^Ai?) is Julia f, Libyc a ('lovAta Ai€vKa)j near Puiycerda, QS^ "— — liisp. p. 59 ; Florez, Esp. S. vol. v. p. 10, Append, vol. xxiv. p. 27 ; Ukert, vol. ii. pt. i. p. 427.) [P. S.] CERSUS (K^po-oj, Xen. Anab, i. 4. § 4). [Amakus, p. 116.] CERTIMA. [Celtiberia.] CERTO'NIUM, or CERTC/NUS {Viffniiviov, KfpTcov6s')j a place in Mysia, only mentioned by Xenophon {Anab. vii. 8. § 8), on the road between Adramyttium and Atameus. It has been conjec- tured tiiat it may be the Cytonium (KvTtivtop) of Theopompus (Steph. *. v. Kvr^iof'), But Cytonium was between Mysia and Lydia; and Xenophon's Certonus is in Mysia. [G. L.] CERVA'RIA {Cervera)f a place in Gallia close to the eastern termination of the Pyrenees, or as Mela (ii. 5) describes it, according to the text of Vossias, " between the promontoria of the Pyrenaeus arePortus Veneris, celebrated jbr a temple, and Cervaria, the limit of Gallia." It was in the country of the Sor- dones or Sardones. Cervera or Serbera is the name of a cape north of Cap Creux. At present it is not within the limits of France, but belongs to Cata- lonia, [G. L.] CERYCEIUM. [Boeotia, p. 414, a.] CERYNEIA (Kfpvpfla, Scyl.; Ktpwla, K^pwia^ Ktpawiay Ptol. r. 14. § 4; Diod. xiv. 59; Kop6p€ia, Kop{6t07,Steph.B. ;Kvp77Wa,Hierocl.; Kvpr/i'cmjConst. Porph. ; Kiyvptia, Nonnus ; Corineura, Plin. ; Cerinea, Peut. Tab. : Etk, KepwiriiSj K^poviTi^s), a town and port on the N. coast of Cypras 8 M.P. from Lapethus {Peut. Tab.). The harbour, bad and small as it is, must upon so iron a bound coast as that of the E. part of the N. side of Cyprus, have always insured to the position a certain degree of importance. Though little is known of it in antiquity it became famous in the middle ages. ( Wilken, die KreuzZy vol. vi. p. 542.) It is now called by the Italians Cervne^ and by the Turks Ghime. On the W. side of the town are some catacombs, the only remains of ancient Cerynia. (Leake, Asia Minor j p. 118; ilariiijViaggij vol. i. p. 116; Engel, KgproSy vol. i. p. 80.) fE. B. J.] CERYNEIA {Kfp^yua, also K€pwia,'K(pawla, Kepa^ycta, &c. : Eth. Kcpuvcvr ; respecting the ortho- graphy, see Schweigh. ad Pol. ii. 41 ; Wesseling, ad IHod. XV. 48; and Qroskurd, ad Strab. vol. ii. p. 110: the two former adopt the form Kcp^rcta, the latter K^pavvia)^ a town of Achaia, was not origi- nally one of the 12 Achaean cities, though it after- wards became so, succeeding to the place of Aegae. Its population was increased by a large body of Mycenaeans, when the latter abandoned their city to the Argives in 468. Ceryneia is mentioned as a member of the League on its revival in b. c. 280 ; and one of its citizens, Marcus, was chosen in 255 as the first sole General of the League. In the time of Strabo, Ceryneia was dependent upon Aegium. It was situated inland upon a lofty height, W. of the river Cerynites (JBohhusia)^ and a little S. of Helice. Its roins have been discovered on the height, which rises above the left bank of the Cerynites, just where it issues from the mountains into the plain. (Pol. ii. 41, 43; Pans. vii. 6. § i, vii. 25. § 5; Strab. QQ ■^