Page:Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography Volume I Part 1.djvu/506

 488 OAMBADENE. AMBADE'NE (KunecJhiv^, Isid. Charax. p. 6), a district of Greater Media, in which was a place called Baptana, oont«ning a statae and pillar of Semiraime. [BAaisTANus Mons.] TV.] GAMBALA (KdfieaXa), in the district of Hjspi- rails, to w^hich Alexander the Great sent Menon with troops to examine for gold ; the detachment was en- tirely destroyed. (Strab. xi. p. 529.) St. Martin {Mem, 8W rArmeniSj vol. L p. 69) supposes the Hyspiratis of Strabo to refer to the district of /sper, NE. of Erzrum-; but in another place Strabo (p. 503) appears to 'denote the same ^strict under the name of Syspiratis, and thb he places to the S., be- yond the limits of Armenia, and bordering on Adia- bene, whidi will not suit the position of I^per-; nor did the troops of Alexander at any time approach the neighbourhood of EraUm, Major Rawlinson suspects that these mines may be recognised in the metalKc riches of the mountainous country on the Asped-Rud or KisU^Uzm. (Joum. Geog. Soc vol.x. p. 148.) [E. B. J.] OAMBALIDUS MONS. [Bagistanus Moms.] CAMBES, a place in Gallia, according to the AntoR. Itin. and the Table, on the road from Au- gusta Bauracorum '{Avgst) to Argentovaria, «n the left bank of the Rhine. Cambes b Gro» Kernks^ on the Rhine, in the department of Haut Rhm, There is a Little Kemba on the opposite side of the river. [G. L.] CAMBI0VIGEN3ES, a name of a people that appears in the Table ; but the indication of their position, as usual with the names of peoples in the Table, is too vague to enable us to fix the position of the Gambiovieenses. ^D'Anville, Notice^ &c. ; Walckenaer, Giog, vol. i. p. 372.) [G. L.] GAMBODU'NUM, in Britain. The second Itine- rary presents the difficulty which attends so many of the others, viz., a vast di^rence between, not only the shortest route, but between the recognised roads and the line of the stations. Thus the line is from the Val- lum to Rutupiae {Bichborough) : nevertheless, when we reach Galcaria {Tadccuter)^ though there is one road due south and another south-east^, the route of the Itinerary takes us round by Manchester, Chester, and Wroxeter. Besides this, the sum of miles at the heading of the /ter, and the sum of the particular distances, disagree. Again, some of the numbers ^ary with the MS. ; and this is the case with the present word. From Ebomcum ( York) to M. p. Calcani {Tadccuter) - - ix. Gambodunum - - - zz. al. xxz. Mancunium {Manchester^ - xviii. al. xxiii. The neighbourhood of Kiland, between Halifax and Huddersficld, best Katisiics these conditions; and, accordingly, Gretland, Sowerby, Almond bury, Grim- scar, Stainland (at all qf which places. Roman remains have been found), iiave been considered as the repre- sentatives of Gambodunum. In the Monumenta Britannica its modem equivalent is Slack, [RG.L.] GA^IBOX-EGTRI. PUny (iii. 5) mentions Cam- bolectri Atlantici in Gallia Narbonensis, but it is difficult to say where he supposes them to be. He also, under the Aquitanic nations (iv. ] 9), mentions " Gambokctri Agesinates Pictonibus Juncti," as Har- duin has it; but "Gambolcctri" ought to be sepa- rated from Agesinates, as Walckenaer affirms, and he pUces them about CambOj in the arrondissement of JBoyonns, in the departoient of B(utes Pyrenees. It appears from Pliny mentioning these peoples and distingubhing them, that they are two genuine GAMBYSES. names. It has been conjectured that the name Gambonum [Gambonum] may be geographically connected with the Gambolectri. [G. L.] G AMBO'NUM, a place in Gallia, mentioned in the Jenualem Itin., on the road from Givitas Yalentia ( VateHce), through Civitas Vocontiomm (i>»e), to Mansio Vaprocum {Gap). The route b very par- ticularly described. From Die it goes to Mansio Lnco(^Luc)j then to Mutatio Vologatb {VaugeUu); then iJie Gtmn Mons b ascended, and the traveller comes to Mutatio Gambomim; the next station be- yond Gambonum b Mans Seleucns^^ajran). Walcke- naer (vol iiL p. 4i6) places <Gambonnm at La Combe, to the south of MorUdue. UAwnWe did not venture to assign a site for Gambonum; but if the road has been well fg«imin<Ml, the place ougtht not to be doubtful. [G. L.] GAMBORIGUM, in Britain. Another reading b Camboriiumj and perhaps thb b preferable, — the -rt^ having the same power with the Jiked- in Ehedtftma (OT-ford)s=ford. In thb case the word would mean a ford over the Cam, The name occurs in the fifth Itinerary, and the difficulties which attend it are of the same kind as those noticed imder Gambodunum. The line, which is from London to 'Garlisle, runs to Gacsaromagus ( Writtle), Golonia ({Colchester or Maldofi), Villa Faustini, Iciani, Oamboricum, Duro- lipons, Dnrobrivae, Gausennae, lindum, — this latter point alone being one of absolute certainty, i. e. Lin- coln. That Ancaster ss-Causeimae is ii«arfy cer- tain; but the further identifications of Villa Fans - ^j^^— tini with Dunmow, of Idani with Chest^ljdirdl and dlil7n]|HJlM ^WXi'TUxmbridge or Godmancheetery and of Durobrivis with Cauior or Water'Newton, are uncertain. Add to thb the circuitous character of any road from London to Lincoln tnA either Gol- chester or Maldon. The two localities most usually given to-Gamboricum are Cambridge and Iddtngham (near Mildenhall in Suffolk). In the former place Uiere are the cattra of ChetUr-Xaa. and Grant-e^ster, m the latter a Cainp-field, a /2om-pit-field, and nu- merous Roman remains. Again, — as Horsley re- marks, — the river on which Icklingham stands runs into the Gam, so that the first syllable may apply to the one place as well as the other. Probably, the true identification has yet to be made. [ILG.L.] GAMBU'NII MONTES a range of mountains forming the boundary between Maoedonia and Xhes- saly, is a continuation of the Geraunlan mountains and terminates at Mt. Olympus on the easL The name of these mountains contains the root Bov¥6s„ The principal pass through these mountains b called Volustana hy Livy, the modem pass of Servia. Leake remarks, that *' in the word Volustana the V represents probably the B, which was so common an initial in Macedonian names of places; the two last syllables, o^rov^ are perhaps the Macedonian form of tfTccJk, «nd have reference to the pass, the entire name in Greek being B«Aov arwd." (Liv. xlii. 53, zliv. 2 ; Leake, Northern Greece^ vol. iii. n. 338. i GAMBYSE'NE. [Albania], GAMBY'SES {Yori or Gori), a river of Albanb, rbing in the Caucasus, or, according to Mela, in the Goraxici M., flowing through the dbtrict of Gamby- sene. and falling into the Gyms (JTur), after uniting with the Alazonlus {Alasan). Pompey marched along its banks, on his ezpediricm into these regions in pursuit of Mithridates, B. c. 65. Its water was remarkable for its coldness. (Mel. iii 5. § 6; Plin. /^ <