Page:Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography Volume I Part 1.djvu/482

 464 CADURCI. iv. 22.) Solinus (c. 54) appears to have misandcr- 8to(xl the words of Pliny, and to have inferred that there was a city there called Cadnisia; for which, however, there is no authority. (^Vj CADURCI (Ka8ovp«o<), a Celtic people who oc- cupied the basin of the Oltis {Lof)^ a branch of the Garonne^ and lay between the Nitiobriges and Ru- teni ; on the north they bordered on tiie Anremi. The Cadurd were among the first who joined Ver- cingetorix (b. c. 52) in his rising against Caesar, and they took an active part in the war {B, G. vii. 4, 64). They are enumerated by Caesar with the Gabali and Velauni or Veliavi (B. G. vii. 75), as ac- customed to admit the supremacy of the Arvemi over them. In Caesar's text (vii. 75) they are called Eleutheri Cadurci; but the reading Eleutheri is doubtful (Oudendorp. ed. Caesar), and the name has never been satisfactorily explained. The chief town of the Cadurci was Divona, afterwards Civitas Ca- durcorum, now Cahors. Uxellodunum, which was besieged and taken by Caesar {B, G. viii. 32, &c.), was also a town of the Cadurci. The territory of the Cadurci became Cadurcinum in the Latin middle as^e writers, which was corrupted into Cahorsin or Caorsiny whence the name Qufrd, in the ante-revo- lutionary geography of France. The territory of the Cadurci is supposed to have been co-extensive with the bishopric of Cohort. The Cadurci wove linen cloth. (Strab. p. 191, Plin. xix. I : and Forcellini, t. r. Cadurcum.) [G. L.] CADU'SII (Ka6o6(rtoi, Strab. xi. pp. 506, 507, 510, 525; Pol. v. 44; Ptol. vi. 2. § 5; Steph. B.; Arrian. ^n.iii. 19 ; Mela, i. 2. §48 ; Plin. vi. 1.3. s. 15), a people inhabiting a mountainous district of Media Atropatene, on SW. shores of the Caspian Sea, be- tween the parallels of 39° and 37° N. lat. This district was probably bounded on the N. by the Cyrus (^Kur)j and on the S. by the Mardus or Amardus ISefid Rud), and corresponds with the modem dis- trict of Gilan. They are described by'Strabo (xi. p. 525) as a warlike tribe of mountaineers, fighting ohiefly on foot, and well skilled in the use of the short spear or javelin. They appear to have been constantly at war with their neighbours. Thus Dio- dorus (i. 33) speaks of a war between ih&m and the Medians, which was not completely set at re:it till Cyrus transferred the empire to the Persians ; and they are constantly mentioned in the subsequent Eastern wars as the allies of one or other party. (Xen. Hell. ii. 1. § 13; Diod. xv. 18; Justin, x. 3; Pol. V. 79 ; Liv. xxxv. 48.) It is not improbable that the name of Gelae, a tribe who are constantly associated with them, has been preserved in the mo- dem Gildn. [V.] CADYANDA. [Caltttda.]. C AD YTIS. [ niuBfl Mi ji iidh.]. ' . c >. v| CAECIXIA CASTRA. [Castra Caecilia.] CAECILIO'NICUM. [Cecilionicum.] CAECINA or CECINA, a river of Etruria, men- tioned both by Pliny and Mela, and still called Cecina. It flowed through the territory of Vola- terrae, and after passing within 5 miles to the S. of that city, entered the Tyrrhenian sea, near the port known as the Vada Volaterrana. There probably was a port or emporium at its mouth, and Mela ap- pears to speak of a town of the same name. The family name of Caecina, which also belonged to VolateiToe, was probably connected with that of the river, and hence the correct form of the name in Latin would be Caecina, though the MSS. both of Pliny and Mela liave Cecma or Cecinna. (Plin. iii. 1 CAELFA 5. s. 8 ; Mela, ii. 4 ; Miiller, Eiinuher^ vol. i. p^ 405.) [K. H. B.] CAECI'NUS (KaiKtvos, Thuc: where the older editions have Kai>cii'<$s), a river of Bruttium, in the territory of Locri, between that city and Rhegium. It is mentioned by Thucydides (iii. 103), in relating the operations of Laches with an Athenian fleet on the southern coast of Italy in b. c. 426, when that commander defeated on its bonks a body of Locrian troops. It is also referred to by Pausanios, who teljis us that it was the boundary between the territories of Locri and Rh^ium, and mentions a natural phe- nomen<Hi connected with it, which is referred by other writers to the neighbouring river Hausx: — that the cicadae (rcrrt^cs) on the Locrian side were mu- sical, and chirped or sang as they did elsewhere ; but those in the Rliegian territory were mute. (Pans, vi. 6. § 4.) Both Pausonias and Aelian relate that the celebrated Locrian athlete Euthymns disappeannl in the stream of the Caecinus, in a manner supposed to be supernatural. (Pans. I. c; AeL V. J7. viii. 18.) Local antiquarians suppose the small stream called on Zannoni*s map the F. Piscopio, which flows by Amendolea^ and enters the sea about 10 miles W. of Cape. SpartiveniOy to be the ancient Caednns; but there is no authority for this, except its proximity to the Halex, with which it appears to have been confounded. (Romanelli, vol. L p. 137.) The Caecinus of Pliny (iii. 10. s. 15), which he places N. of Scyllacium, is a fiilse reading of the early editors for Carcines or Carcinus, the form found in the MSS. both of Pliny himself and Mela (ii. 4). It is evident that the river desig- nated is wholly distinct from the Caecinus of Thu« cydides. [E. H. B.] CAE'CUBUS ACER (KoIkovSos, Strab.), a dis- trict of Latium bordering on the Gulf of Amycloe, and included apparently in the territory of Fundi. The name seems to have been given to the marshy tract between Tarracina and Speluncae {Sj>erlonga which extends about 8 miles along the coast, and 6 miles inland. Contrary to aU analogy, these low and marshy grounds produced a wine of the most excellent quality, the praises of which are repeatedly sung by Horace, who apt ears to regard it as holding the first place among all the wines of his day; and this is confirmed by Pliny, who however tells us that in his time it had lost its ancient celebrity, partly from the neglect of the cultivators, portly from some works which had drained the marshes. But Martial speaks of it as still enjoying some reputation. (Hot. Carm. i. 20. 9, ii. 14, 25; Plin.xlv. 6. s.8; Strab. V. p. 234; Mart xii. 17. 6, xiii. 115; Colum. R.R. iii. 8. § 5; Dioscor. v. 10, 11; Athen. i. p. 27.) Strabo speaks of t6 KcdKoviSoy as if it were a place, but it seems certain that there never was a town of the name. [E. H. B.] CAE'LIA, CAEXIUM, or CEXIA (KaiAfo or KcXta). 1. A town in the south of Apulia, men- tioned both by Strabo and Ptolemy; of whom the former places it between Egnatia and Conusium, on the direct rood from Bmodusium to Rome; the latter enumerates it among the inland cities of the Peuce- tian Apulians. (Strab. vL p. 282 ; Ptol. ui. 1. § 73.) The Tab. Pent, confirms the account of Strabo, and places Celia 9 miles from Butuntum, on the road to Egnatia; a distance which coincides with the po- sition of a village still called Ceglie, 5 miles S. of Bari. Here numerous ancient remains, tombs, vases, &c have been discovered. (Romanelli, vol. ii. p. 177 ; Mommsen, Uwter ItaL Diaiekte, p. 62.)