Page:Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography Volume I Part 1.djvu/477

 BUTADAE. the name itself implies. The feetiTal of Isia at Bd- ■ris came next in splendour and importance to that of Artemis at Babastis in the Egyptian calendar. The temi^e of IsiSf indeed, with the hamlet which aprsng up anmnd it, stood probably at a short dis- tance withoQt the walls of Bosiris itself, for Pliny (▼. 10. s. 11) mentions "Isidis oppidum" in the neighboorhood of the town. The ruins of the tem- ple are still visible, a little to the N. of Abousir^ at the hamlet of Bahbetft. (Pococke, 7Vave2f, vol. L p. 34; Minutoli, p.304.) Busiris was also the name of a town in Middle £K7pt, in the neighbourhood of Memphis and the Great Pyramid. Its site is marked by the modem Tillage of Ahowir in that district. There are con- aidenible catacombs near the ancient town (Pliny xxzvL 12. s. 16): indeed to the S. of Busiris one great cemetery appears to have stretched over the plain. The Heptanomite Busiris was in fact a hamlet standing at one extremity of the necropolis of Mem- phis. [W.B.D.] BUTADAE, a demns of Attica, of uncertain site. [See p. 333, No. S3.] BUTHOE or BUTUA (BvOSn, Steph. B. *. v.; Scylax, p. 9 ; Butua, Plin. iii. 23. s. 26; BovXo^, an emHr for Bovro^a, Ptol. ii. 16. § 5 : £A. Bou- BatSot: Budoa)^ a town of Dalmatia in Illyricum, aaid to have been founded by Cadmus, after he had migrated from Thebes and taken up his residence among the lUyrian tribe of the Enchelees. BUTHBO'TUM (JRov9pwr6v, Strab., Ptol.; Bow- QpmrroSy Steph. B. : Eth. Boudpc^tos), a town of Thesprotia in Epirus, was ntuated upon a peninsula at the head of a salt-wviter lake, which is connected with a bay of the soa by means of a river three or faax miles in length. This lake is now called Vutsin- drOf and bore in ancient times the name of Pelo- DES (IIifAtiSqf ), from its muddy waters; for though Strabo and Ptolemy give the name of Pelodes only to the harixmr (AiaiV)> there can be Httle doubt that it belonged to the lake as well. (Strab. vii. p. 324; Ptol. iiL 14. § 4; called naX6€is by Appian, B. C. V. 55.) The bay of the sea with which the lake of Vutandro is connected is called by Ptolemy the bay of Buthrotum, and must not be confounded with the inland lake Pelodes. The bay of Buthro- tum was bounded on the north by the promontory Poaidium. Bnthrotom is said to have been founded by He- lenus, the son of Priam, after the death of Pyrrhus. Virgil represents Aeneas visiting Helenus at this place, and finding him married to Andromache. (Yirg. Aau iiL 291, seq.; Ov. Met. ziil. 720.) Vir- gil describes Buthrotum as a lofty city (" celsam Buthroti ascendimus urbem "), resembling Troy : to the river which flowed from the lake into the sea Helenns had given the name of Simois, and to a dry torrent that of Xanthus. But its resemblance to Troy seems to have been purely imaginary; and the epitJiet of " lofty " cannot be applied with any pro- priety to Buthrotum. The town was occupied by Caesar afted he had taken Oricum (Caes. £. C. iii. 16); and it bad become a Roman colony as early as the time of Strabo. (Strab. I. c; Plin. iv. 1. s. 1.) Atticos had an estate at Buthrotum. (Cic. adAtt. ir. 8, ad Fam. xvL 7.) which is bounded on the western side by a small bay in the lake, and is surrounded from the north to the south-east by the bindings of the river just above its issue: The walls of the Boman colony still exist in BUTUNTUM. 459 the whole cnxumfeience, which is about a mile, and are mixed with remains both of later and of Hellenic work, showing that the city always occupied the same site. The citadel was towards the bay of the lake, where the side of the peninsula is the highest and steepest.** (Leake, Northern Greece, vol. i. p. 99, seq. ; oomp. Prokesch, Denkwurdigk, voL i. p. 22, seq.) BUTICUS LACUS (ji Bovtik^ hiiJirn, Strab. zvii. p. 802), was one of the lagoons formed by the Nile near its junction with the Mediterranean Sea. The Butic Lake, the modem Bnrlaa, was northward of the town of Butoe, and contained the islet of Chemmis or Chembis, from which the nome Chem- mites derived its appellation. (Steph. B. p. 690). This island which at one time was said to be float- ing, was the original site of the temple of Buto, since here Isis took refuge when pursued by Typhon. (Anton. Lib. Metam. Fab, 28.) [W. B. D.] BUTOS, or BUTO (tofJroy, Herod, ii. 59, 63, 155; Bovt6, Steph. B. p. 183, «. v.: Ftfi. Bovrios, BovrctrnSf Bovrolrris'), was the capital town, or according to Herodian, merely the principal village of the Delta, which Herodotus (/. c) calls the Chem- mite nome ; Ptolemy the Phthenothite (tdev^i^r, iv. 5. § 48) and Pliny (v. 9. s. 11) Ptenetha. Butos stood on the Sebennytic arm of the Nile, near its mouth, and on the southern shore of the Butic Lake. (BovTix^ Ki/ivrij Strab. xvii. p. 802.) The town was celebrated for its monolithite temple (Herod, ii. 155) and oracle of the goddess Buto (Aelian. F. Hist. ii. 41), whom the Greeks identified with Leto or Latona. A yearly feast was held there in honour of the goddess. At Butos there was also a sanctuary of Apollo (Horus) and of Artemis (Bubastis). It is the modem Kern Kasir. (ChampoUion, VEgypte^ vol. ii. p. 227.) The name Buto (Bovt(6) of the Gi'eeks is nearly allied to that of Muth w Maut, which is one of the appellations of Isis, as " Mother of the World." (Plut. /*. et Onr. 18, 38.) The shrewmouse was worshipped at Butos. (Herod, ii. 67.) [W.B.D.] BUTRIUM (Bo&rptop)j a town of Gallia Cispa- dana, placed by Strabo on the rood from Bavenna to Altinum. This is confirmed by the Tab. Pent, which places it 6 miles from Bavenna: Pliny also says that it was near the sea-coast, and calls it an Umbrian city. Strabo, on the other hand, says it was a colony or dependency of Ravenna. (Strab. v. p. 214; Plin. iii. 15. s. 20; Steph. Byz. s. v. Boirpiov; Tab. Pent.) No remains of it are extant, and its site cannot be identified : there is a place still called Budrio about 10 miles N£. of Bologna^ but this is much too far from the sea-coast: the ancient Butrium must have been near the entrance of the lagunes of ComaccJiio. The Butrium mentioned by Ptolemy (iii. 1. § 31) am<mg the cities of the Cenomani, in conjunctiou with Tridentum, must have been quite a different pbce. [£. H. B.] BUTU.A. [BuTHOK.] BUTUNTUM (Bvroirrivos: Eth, Butuntinensis: Bitonio). an inland city of Apulia, distant 12 miles W. from Barium, and about 5 from the sea. From its position it must certainly have belonged to the Peucetian district of Apulia, though reckoned by Pliny, as well as in the Liber Coloniaram, among the cities of Calabria (Plin. iii. 11. s. 16; Lib. Colon, p. 262). It is correctly placed by the Itineraries on the ruad firom Barium to Canudum, 12 M.P. firom Barium and 1 1 from Rubi. (Itin. Ant p. 1 1 7 ; Itin. I Hier. p. 609.) No mention ^ it is found in hiistoiy,
 * The ruins of Buthrotum occupy a peninsula