Page:Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography Volume I Part 1.djvu/462

 444 BBOCO^IAGUS. not a basilica or court-house, rather than a temple. Some portions of the theatre may also be traced, though buried under modem buildings, as well as some Corinthian columns supposed to have been part of the forum. The beauty, number, and variety of other architectural fragments, which have been dis- covered in different parts of the town, is such as to give a very high opinion of the condition of this art in a second-class provincial town under the Roman Empire. Some andent works in bronze have also been found here, among which a statue of Victory is deservedly celebrated. The collection cS inscriptions is imusually extensive, having been commenced as early as the year 1480, and all that have been found, diligently preserved. (The monuments recently dis- covered at Bresciafhaye been described and published by Labus, in 1834 ; see also the Ann. delP Inst, Arch. 1839, pp. 182 — 183. The older work of Rossi, Memorie Bresciane^ 4to. Brescia, 1 693, con- tains many fables and £uicies, but has still preserved much that is valuable.) Brizia appears in ancient times to have possessed an extensive territory' or " ager," of which it was the municipal head; and several of the Alpine tribes who inliabited the neighbouring vallies were subjected to its rule. Among these we may certainly include the Triumpilini, who occupied the upper valley of the Mela, still called the Vol Trompia; the Sabiki, who inhabited the VcdSahbia^oT valley of the Chiese; and the inhabitants of the western bank of the Lake Be- nacus. Among the smaller towns which were d&> pendent on Brixia, we find mentioned in inscriptions] Vobema, still called VobamOy in the valley of the Chiese ; Edmm (Kdrani),now/cZro, which gives name to the Laffo cT Idro ; and Vargadum ( Vargadcnses), the name of which is slightly distorted in that of the modem GavardOy a small town on the river Chieset about 12 miles E. of Brescia. (Plin. iii. 20. 8. 24; Cluver. luU. pp. 107, 108, 252; Rossi, Mem. Bresciane, pp. 196, 271, 279.) [E. H. B.] BROCOMAGUS (^Brumath), a town of the Tri- bocci,on the road from Argentoratuin (JStrassbtvrg) to Cologne. It is Bp«uK/iayos in Ptolemy (ii. 9. § 18). Juliau (Amm. Marc. xvi. 2) defeated some Germans here. This town also occurs in the Antonine Itin. It is easily identified with Brumath on the Zom, in the department o(Bas Rhinj between Strassburg and Hagutnau. Many Roman remains have been found about it. Ruins of Roman walls are said to exist north of the Zom^ and traces of a Roman road to Selz. [G. L.] BRODIONTII,a people mentioned by Pliny (iii. 20. s. 24) in the inscription from the trophy of the Alps. Thoy arc generally supposed to be the same as the Bodiontici ; but Walckenaer((T^0(7. vol. iL p. 38) finds their name in a mountain called Brodon^ one of the largest that form the valley of the Olle. The river Olle joins the Isere on the left bank, below Grenoble. [G. L.] BROMAGUS, in the Antonine Itin., Viromagus in the Table, is between Mennodunum (supposed to be Moudon) and Viviscus ( Vevai)f on the lake of Geneva. There is a place called PromasenSj which may be Bromagus. Promasens is on a little stream, the Broye; and Bromagus may mean the town on the Bro. [G. L.] BROMISCUS (^pofdcTKoi), a town of Mygdonia in Macedonia, near the river by which the waters of the lake Bolbe flow into the Strymonic gulf. (Thuc. iv. 103.) It was either upon the site of this place or of the neighbouring Arethusa that the fortress of ! BRUNDUSIUM. Rentine was built, which is frequently mentioned by the Byzantine historians. (Tafel, TkessaUmtca, p. 68.) Steplianus calls the town Bormiiicus, and re- lates that Euripides was here torn to death by dogs; but another legend supposes this event to have taken place at Arethusa, where the tomb of the poet waa shown. [Arethusa, No. 6.] BRU'CTERI (Bpo6KT«poi), a great German tribe on the river Amasia (^Ems), which is first mentioned by Strabo (vii. p. 290) as having been subdued by Drusus. (Comp. Tac. Ann.i. 60.) The Bracteri, like several other tribes, were divided into the lessor and the greater, and the river Lupia (^Lippe) flowed through the country of the former. (Strab. vii. p. 291; Ptol. ii. II. § 16, who, however, calls them Bovaeurrc/wi.) From these authors it is clear that the Bmcteri occupied not only the countiy between the rivers Amasia and Lupia, but extended beyond them. The Bmcteri m:gores appear to have dwelt on the east, and the minores on the west of the Amasia. That they extended beyond the Lupia is attested not only by Strabo, but also by the fact that the celebrated prophetess of the Bmcteri, Yelleda, dwelt in a tower on the banks of the Lupia. (Tac. Hist iv. 61, 06, v. 22.) From Claudian {De IV. Cons. Honor. 450) it might be inferred that they extended even as far as the Hercynian forest, but the name Hercynia Silva b probably used in a loose and indefinite sense by the poet. In the north they wi>ro contiguous to the Chauci (Tac. Ann. xiii. 55, foil.), and in the north-east to the Angrivarii. (Tac. Ann, ii. 8.) Velleius Paterculus (ii. 105) relates that tho Bmcteri were subdued by Tiberius; but in the battle in the forest of Teutoburg they appear still to have taken an active part, as we must infer from the fact tliat they received one of the Roman eagles taken in tliat battle. (Tac. Ann. i. 60.) It can scarcely be believed, on the authority of Tacitus, that they were entirely destroyed by other German trib^, for Pliny (^Ep. ii. 7) and Ptolemy still mention them as exists ing, and even at a much later period they occur aa one of the tribes allied with the Franks. (Eumen. Panegyr. Const. 12.) Ledebur (Z^os /^fxi u. Volk der Bructerery Berlin, 1827) endeavours to give to the Bmcteri more importance than tiiey dejcrve in history. (Comp. Middendorf, Die Woknsitze der Bructerery Coesfeld, 1837 ; Wersebe, Voellcer des alten Deutschlands, p. 83, &c.; Latham on Tac. Germaniay p. 1 1 1.) [L. S.] BRUNDl'SIUM or BRUNDU'SIUM* (BptFTc- atov : Etk. Bptyrt&itfos, Brundusinus or Brundisinus : Brindisi)f one of the most important cities of Ca- labria, situated on the coast of the Adriatic Sea, 50 miles from Hydrantum, and 38 from Egnatia. It was distant from Tarentum 44 miles ; but the direct distance across the peninsula to the nearest point of the Gulph of Tarentum does not exceed 30 miles. (Itin. Ant. pp. 118, 119.) Its name was derived from the peculiar configuration of its celebrated port, the various branches of which, united into one at the entrance, were thought to resemble a stag's head, which was called, in the native dialect of the Messapians, Brention or Brentesion. (Strab. vi. p. 282; Steph. B. s. v. BptvT4aioif.^) It appears ■ -■ - - • — - — —^ Latin see Orell. Ofiom. Tullian. p. 98; Cortius ad Lucan. ii. 609; T/>schucke ad Melam. On tho whole, the preponderance of authority appeara to be in favour of Brundisium. I It seems probable that the real native word
 * Concerning tho orthography of the name in