Page:Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography Volume I Part 1.djvu/436

 418 BOLAX. its situation 1)etween the Aequiaii mountains on the one side, and the heights of Ml. Algidus on the other, would necessorilj render it a military point of im- portance both to Aequians and Latins. (Ficoroni, Memorie di Labico^ pp. 62 — ^72 ; Nibby, Dvntomi di Roma, vol. i. pp. 291—294.) [E. H. B.] BOLAX (BwAa{), a town of TriphyUa in Elis, which surrendered to Philip in tlie Social War. Its site is uncertain; but Leake, judging from similarity of name, places it at VoUmtzay a village on the left bank of the Alpheius, about four miles above its mouth. (Polyb. iv. 77. § 9, 80. § IS ; Leake, MoreOj vol. ii. p. 207.) BOLBE. 1. ('H B6Keii A</ui^), a lake in Myg- donia in Macedonia, at no great distance from the sea. ( Aesch. Pers. 486 ; Scylax, p. 27 ; Thuc. L 58, iv. 103; Gantacuz. ii. 25.) The lake empties itself into the Strymonic gulf, by means of a river flowing through the pass called Aulon or Aretbusa. (Thuc iv. 103.) The name of this river is not mentioned by Thucydides, but it is evidently the same as the Rechius ('P^x'^'O ^ Procopius (ds Aedif. iv. 4). Among the smaller streams flowing into the lake we find mention of the Ammites ('Aju^ fiirris) and Olynthiacus {'OKw6uuc6s). (Athen. viii. p. 334, e.) The perch (diffa^) of the lake was particuUrly admired by the gastronomic poet Archestratus. (Athen. vii. p. 31 1, a.) The lake is now railed Besikia. It is about 12 miles in length, and 6 or 8 in breadth. (Clarke, TrareZf, vol. ii. 3. p. 376; Leake, Northern Greece^ vol. iii. pp. 170, 231, 462; Tafel, TAeualonica, p. 14, seq.) 2. A town of the same name, situated upon the lake (Steph. B. s, v. B^X^w), to which Procopius (efe Aedif. iv. 4) gives the name of Bolbus (BoKBds^. Leake places it on the northern side of the lake, on the site of the modem town of Besikia. (Leake, Northern Greece, vol. iii. p. 231.) BOLBE'NE (BoA€i7f^), a district of Armenia Major, which Pt4>lemy (v. 13) places to the W. Eustathius, in his commentary on Dionysiua Perie- getes {Geog. Grace. Min. voL iv. p. 124), in his ac- count of the changes made by the Emperor Justi- nian in the division of Roman Armenia, mentions a subdivision of Armenia IV. by the name of Balbi- tene (BaACin}i^), which probably represented the Bolbene of Ptolemy. (St. Martin, Mem. eur VAr- menie, voL i. p. 24.) [E. B. J.] BOLBiriNE (BoA«(T(n},Hecataeus,/r.285, ap. Steph. B. s. V. ; Died. i. 33), was a town of the Delta, en the Bolbitic arm of the Nile [Nilus]. It cor- resp(»ids to the modem RouchldmRoeetta. (Niebuhr, Travels, vol. i. p. 56; Champollion, VEgypte, vol. i. p. 241) From the apparently proverbifd phrase — BoK^irufov B(iiuL — cited by Stephanns of Byzan- tium (/.c), we may infer that BolUtine was cele- brated for its manufactory of chariots. If Bolbitine were the modem Bosetta, the Roeetta stone, with its triple inscription, must have been originally erected, as it was in the last century discovered, there. This stone was inscribed and set up in the reign of Pto- lemy v., Efnplianes, about b. c. 193, when the town of Bolbitine was perhape enlaiged or restored by the Macedonian king. The inscription, in hieroglyphics, in the enchorial cliaracter, and in Greek letters, be- longs to the years of that monarch's minority. It com- memorates the piety and munificence of Ptolemy, his remission of fiscal imposts and arrears, his victories over rebels, and his protection of the lands by dams against the encroachments of the Nile. [W. B. D.] BOXEI (oi hotol), the name of a stone strac- BONNA. ture in the district Hermionis, in Argolis. Its site is uncertain; but Boblaye places it near the village of Pkumi. (Pans. ii. 36. § 3; Boblaye, Becherches, fc., p. 62 ; comp. Leake, Peloponnesiaca, p. 290.) BOLE'RIUM. [Bklemum.] BOLINA. [Patrae.] BOLINAEUS. [AcHAiA, p. 13, b.] BOML [Aetoua, p. 63, b.] BOMIENSES. [Aetoua, p. 65, a.] BO'MIUM, in Britain, mentioned in the Itinerary as lying between Nedum {Neath) and Isca Legionum (Caerleon). VnltMj Etoenny. [R.G.L.] BONCHNAE (B&yxiw, Steph. B.i.v.), a tribe of Mesopotamia, adjoining the Carrheni, according to Stephanns, who cites as his authority Quadratus, between the rivers Euphrates and Cyrus. As there is no river of the name of Cyi*us in this neighbour- hood, Bochart in Geogr. Sacr. has suggested for Cyrus, Garrha, inferring the existence of a stream of that name from Stephanus's description of the town of Carrhae. (KcC^ai irdktf Miatnrorofdas, iarh Ka^ Torofwv ^upias.) [V.] BONCONICA, a town on the left bank of the Rhine, placed by the Itineraries between Mognn- tiacum {Maifu) and Borbetomagus ( TTomu). The Antonine Itin. and the Table do not agree exactly in the distance of Bonconica from Moguntiacum and Borbetomagus; but there can be no doubt that Op- penheim represents Bonconica. [G. L.] BONNA {Bonn), a town of the Ubii, on the left bank of the Rhine. The sameness of name and the distances in the Itineraries prove the site of Bonna to be Bonn without any difficulty. The An- tonine Itinerary and the Table agree in giving 11 Gallic leagues as the distance between Bonna and Colonia Agrippina(Co/n); and as the road along the river is pretty straight, it is easy to verify the dis- tance. Bonna was one of the towns of the Ubii after this German people were removed from the east to the west side of the Rhine, under the protection of M. Vipeanius Agrippa. Dmsns, the step-son of Augustus, when be was sent into these parta by the emperor, made a bridge, probably of boats, ov«r the Rhine at Bonn (b.c. 12, or 1 1). This seems to be the meaning of the passage m Floras (iv. 12; and the notes in Duker*s edition). Bonna was an important Roman station. In a. d. 70, some cohorts of Batavi and Canninefates attacked and defeated the Roman commander at Bonna. (Tadt ffisL iv. 20.) The narrative shows that Bonna was then a fortified place, or at least the Romans had an entrenched camp there. It was at this time the winter quarters of the first legion (Tacit. Hist. iv. 25), and it continued to be a militaiy station under the empire, as is proved by numerous inscriptions. (Forbiger, Geogr. vol. iii p. 154.) Bonna, in the time of Tacitus, was considered to be in that sub- division of Gallia Belgica which the Romans called Germania Seennda or Inferior {HisL i. 55). Tacitus mentions (a. d. 70) the first, fifth, fifteenth, and six- teenth legions as stationed in Germania Inferior; and the first, as already observed, he places at Bonna. We may infear that Bonna had been taken and plun- dered by the Alemanni, and probably othor German peojdes, from the fact of Julianus, during his go- vernment of Gallia, recovering possession of Bonna^ and repairing the walls, about a. d. 359. (Anunian. Marcell. xviii. 2.) Numerous Roman remains have been found about Bonn, and there is a collection of antiquities there.