Page:Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography Volume I Part 1.djvu/402

 384 BAUTAE. Appears that she proceeded from thence to Baiae, and there embarked with the view of returning to Banli; and when the attempt to drown her on the passage failed, took refuge in her own villa near the Lucrine Lake, where she was soon after assassinated. (Tac. Arm. xiv. 4 — 6; Suet Ner. 34; Dion Cass, hci. 13; Mart. iv. 63.) We learn from a letter of Symmachus that BauU had lost nothing of its plea- santness, and was still occupied hj numerous villas, as late as the reign of Theodositu; but we have no subsequent account of it. The modem village of Bacolo stands on a ridge of hill at some height above the sea, but it is evidoit, both from the expression of Silius Italicus, " ipso in litore " {L c), and from the narrative of Tacitus, that the ancient Baidi was close to the sea -shore; the range of villas probably joining those of Baiae, so that the two names are not unfrequently interchanged. There still exist on the shore extensive ruins and fragments of ancient buildings, which have every appearance of having belonged to the palace-like villas in question. Ad- joining these are a number of artificial grottoes or galleries, commonly called Le Cento CamereUej opening out to the sea; the precise object of which is unknown, but which were doubtless connected with some oi the villas here. On the hill above is an immense subterranean and vaulted edifice, which appears to have been a reservoir for water; probably designed for the supply of the fleet at Misenum. It is one of the greatest works of the kind now extant, and is commonly called La Pitcina Mirabile. (Eu- stace's Class. Tour J vol. iL p. 417; Romanelli, vol. iii p. 510.) [E. H. B.] BAUTAE is placed in the Antonine Itin., on a road from Darantafiia (^Moutiers en Tarentaise) to Geneva. D*Anville fixes Bautae at Vieux Armeqff a little distance north of the town of Atmecy in Savoy. [G. L.] BAUTES, BAUTIS, or BAUTISUS (Ba{mis, Bavriaosi Hoang-ho or Ydhw River)^ one of Uie two chief rivers of Sbrica, rising, according to Pto- lemy, from three sources, one in the Casii M., another in the Ottocorras M«, and a third in the Emodi M. ; and flowing into the country of the Sinae. (Ptol. vi. 16. § 3; Amm. Marc, xxiii. 6.) The three sources of Ptolemy have not been identified with any cer- tainty. [F, S.] BAUZANUM (Botzen), a town in Rhaetia. (Paul. Diac. v. 36.) BAVO (Plin. iii. 26. s. 30), or BOA (Cod. Theod. 16. tit. 5. s. 53 ; also Boae, Amm. Marc, xxii. 3 ; Boia, Ant Itm, p. 523, Wess. : Bua), an island off the coast of Dalmatia in lllyricum, used as a place of banishment under the emperors. BAZrRA (ra BdCiffo) or BEZFRA, a fort of the Assaceni, at the S. foot of M. Paropamisus, taken by Alexander on his march into India. (Arrian, Anab. iv. 27, 28 ; Curt viii. 10. § 2.) It is usually identified with Bajore or Bishorey NW. ot Peshawer; but it is by no means certain that this is the true Bite. [P. S.] BAZIUM (BdCuftf &Kpov, Ptol. iv. 5. § 8), a pro montory which formed the southern extremity of Foul Bay (Sinus Immundus), and appears to be the modem Bos el Naschef. It was in lat 24° 5' N., in the Begio Troglodytica, and was the northernmost projection of Aethiopia Proper on the coast of the Bed Sea. [W. B. D.] BEA'TIA (/iMcr.), BI A'TIA (Btorfo, Ptol. ii. 6. § 9), or VIATIA (PUn. iu. 3. s. 4), a city of the Ore- tani in Hispuiia TarracoDensb, on the frontier of Bae- BEDBIACUM. tica : now Baeza^ on the upper Gttadalquivir. (Florez, vii. p. 97 ; Ukert, vol. ii. pt. 1. p. 408.) [P. S.] BE'BIIMONTES. [Illyricum.] BEBRY'CES (BiepvKcs, their country B<- fipvKia). 1. A nation on the Pcntus in Asia. Stephanus («. v. Bvcvcuoi) also mentions the Bys- naei as a tribe of Bebryces. Strabo (p. 295) supposes the Bebryces to have been of Thracian stock, and that their first place of settlement in Asia was Mysia. Dionysius Periegetes (805; and see the commentary of Enstathius) places the Bebryces where the river Cius enters the Propontis, that is, about the Gulf of Cius. Eratosthenes (Plin. v. 30) enumerates the Bebryces among the Asiatic nations that had perished. In fact, the Bebryces belong to mythology rather than to history. [G. L.] 2. An Iberian people, r^^axded as aboriginal, dwelling on both sides of the Pyrenees. They were wild and uncivilized, and subsisted <xi the produce of their flocks and herds. (Avien. Or, MariL 485 ; Sil. Ital. iii. 420—443, xv. 494; Tzetz. ad Lycophr, 516, 1305; Zonar. viii. 21 ; Humboldt, die Vrh&- foohner HispanienSy p. 94.) [P. Sw] BECHEIRES (Bixftpts, Bix^tpoi^ a barbarous tribe on the coast of the Pontus (ApoU. Bhod. ii. 396, 1246; Dionys. Perieg. 765), mentioned with the Macrones, and as east of the Macrones. Scylax, following the coast from east to west, names the Becheires, and then the Macrocephali, supposed by Cramer to be the Macrones; but Pliny (vi. 3) dis- tinguishes the Macrones and MacrocepbalL Pliny's enumeration of names often rather confuses than helps us; and it is difficult to say where he places the Becheires. But we might infer from Pliny and Mela (i. 19) that they were west of Trapezus, and east of the Thermodon. [G. L.] BEDA, a position placed on the road between Augusta Trevirorum (Trier) and Cologne^ 12 Gallic leagues from Trier, It appears to be a place called Bidburg. The name Pagus Bedensis occurs in the notice of the division made a.d. 870 of the posses- sions of Lothaire between his brothers Louis the Ger* man and Charles the Bald. [G. L.] BEDAIUM or BIDAIUM (Ba5a«oy), a town in Noricum. (PtoL ii. 14. § 3; Itin. Ant, pp. 236, 257, 258; Tab. Peuting.) Modem geographers identify it with Bamburg or with Bwglumsen near the point where the Sahach flows into the Danube. (Comp. Orelli, Inspript, No. 1694, where a god Bedaius is mentioned, who was probably worshipped at Bedaium.) [L. S.] BEDBI ACUM or BEBRIACUM (the orthography of the name is very uncertain, but ihe best MSS. of Tacitus give tlie first form: BijSpteucdv, Joseph. ; BfiTpiOKdVf Plut: Eih. Bedriacensis), a village or small town (vicus) of Cisalpine Gaul, situated be- tween Verona and Cremona. Though in itself an inconsiderable place, and not mentioned by any of the ancient geographers, it was celebrat^ as the scene of two important and decisive battles, the first in A. D. 69, between the generals of Vitellins, Cae- cina and Fabius Valens, and those of Otho ; which ended in the complete victory of the former: the second, only a few months later, in which the Vi- tellian generals were defeated in their turn by Antonios Primus, the lieutenant of Vespasian. But the former battle, from its being immediately fol- lowed by the death of Otho. obtained the greatest note, and is generally meant when the " pugna Bedriacensis " is mentioned. Neither of the two actions was, however, in fact, fought at, or close to^