Page:Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography Volume I Part 1.djvu/385

 BADIA. JAZf written Vadei by Pliny, and described as a large town (vi. 28. a. 32). Identified with Beyadhye^ near Jidda, by Forster ((hog. of Arab. vol. ii. pp. 142, 143). The south promontoiy of the Golf of Jidda is also called Ras-Bad, [G. W.] BADI'A or BATHEIA (BaBua, Plut.), a town of Spain, only mentioned as Uie scene of an incident related of the elder Sdpio Africanus; bat supposed, chiefly from the resemblance of name, to be Badajoz, (VaL Idaz. iiL 7. § 1 ; Plat. Reg.et Imp. Apophthegm. pu 196; Cellarias, vol. L p. 67; Ukert, voh ii. pt. 1. II. 392.) [P. S.] BADUHKNNAE LUOUS, " the grove of Badu- henna," a forest in the ooantiy of the Frisians. (Tac Afm. iv. 73.) It is believed by some to be the same as the modem HoUpade^ whidi forms part of the forest of Letenwalde in Weat-Friealand^ while others identify it with the modem Vehnoe, The grove was no doubt a sacred one, and may have owed its name to a divinity of the name of Badu- henna, whose altar it contained. (M. Alting, NoiiL Bat. et Frit. AtOiq. L p. 1 5 ; v. Wersebe, Die Volker TetOachL p. 103.) [L. S.] BAEBRO (Cofrfia), one of the principal inknd cities of Ui^Ninia Baetica, between the Baetis and the ocean, in the ccmventus of Cordaba. (Plin. iiL 1. 6. 3; some MSS. have Aegabro. oomp. Moral ap. Ortel. Thetaw. Geogr. «. v.; Ukert, vol. ii. pt 1. p. 368.) [P. S.] BAECOLICUS MOKS (rh BaixoXtivV 6pos), a range of mountains, fonning part of the S. bound- ary ci Cyivnaica, placed by Ptolemy NE. of the Velpi Mantes, in 51^ long, and 26^^ hit. (PtoL iv. 4. § 8.) [P. S.] BAECOR (BaiK6p)j a town of Hispania Baetica, .only mentioned by Appian; apparently in the neigh- bourhoodof Baecula. (Appian. Higp. 65.) [P. S.] BAE'CULA (BalKuXa: Eth, BcuirvXc^s Steph. B.). 1. A town of Hispania Baetica, in the terri- tory of Castulo, and near the silver mines W. of that city. It was the scene c^ Scipio's victories over Uasdmbal (b. c 209), and over Mago and Maidniasa, B.C. 206. (Polyb. x. 38, zi. 20; Liv. zxvii. 18 — ^20; xzviii. 13.) It is apparently the Boirdio} of Appian (vL 24), and it seems to corre- spond to the modem Baylm. (Ukert, vol i. p. 379 ; Forbiger, voL iii. p. 64.) 2. A town of the Ausetani, in Hispania Tarra- conenses. [Ausetani.] [P*^*] BAE'DYES. [Gaixaeci.] BAELON. [Belon.] BAEML [Bon.] BAENAE. [LoBETANi.] BAENIS. [MiNiuB.] BAESIPPO. [BB8IPPO.] BAETANA. [Ariaca.J BAETERRAE (Bolrcpa, PtoL ; Baira/J^ Ste- l^kan. «. V. Baira^^vs ; and Bairappa and B^nj^a on the ccttns : Eth. BairappirriSf Biterrensis, Bae- terrensis: Beziers), The name of this place is written Biripa incorrectly in the ordinaiy texts of Strabo (p. 182). Pliny (iii. 4) calls the place " Baeterrae Septimanorum," and also Mela (ii. 5), whence it appears that the place received some soldiers of the seventh legion as a colony. Baeterrae is on the Orbis (^Orbe), and on tlie road from Nar- botme to Ntmes, at the distance of xvi Roman miles firom Narbonne. On this part of the road the Romans constructed a causeway over the marah of Cap-estang, of which some traces exist (D'Anville). There are said to be at Beziers the vestiges of an BAETIS. 36?. amphitheatre, and the remains of an aquedact Pliny (xiv. 6) mentions the wine of Baeterrae as good; and it is so still. The antiquity o£ Beziert and of the present name is proved by tl^e passage of Festus Avienus (589)*^rJt ^ ^ VOUrvw^ 'J "Dehinc Beearam stetisse fama casca tradidit;" and the canton of B^era is s«d to rdain the name of Bewres, or Beearea. [G. L.] BAETICA. [HisPAifiA.] BAE'TII MONTES (rh Bairta 6fni, PtoL vi. 19. § 1), a chain of moantains to the N. of Gedrosia between it and Drangiana and Arachosia. They are represented now by the Wdehdti mofmtairu in Baluchistdn. They extend to the banks of the Indus, in a direction nearly E. and W. [V.] BAETIS (Bonis, Strab., &c., Brrii, Aga- them.), or BAETES (Guadalquivir, a corruption of the Arabic Wad-el-Kebirj the Great iZtver), was the name of the chief river of Hispania Baetica, ronning through the whole province £rom £. to W., and draining the great basin between the moantains Marianus (Sierra Moreno) on the N., and Ilipula (Sierra Nevada) on the S. Its native name was Cbrtis (Liv. xxviii. 22), or Percbs (Il^pKijr ; Steph. B. «. V, BcuTis). The ancient Greeks seem to have given it the name which has such various applications to this part of Spain, Tartessus. (Ste- sich. ap. Strab. iiL p. 148 ; Taprrjaffov irorofiov irapii varyhs iirtlpovas ipyvpopi^^ovs.) Pausanias calls it Taprija-ffios iroTafi6s, and adds, that those of later times called it BaetJs (vL 19. § 3; see also Eustath. ad Dion. Perieg. 337 ; Anen. Gr. MariL 284; comp. Tabtessus). The name Baetis is most probably of Phoenician origin; but no very satis&ctory etymol<^ has been proposed. Strabo (iii. 139) observes that the Baetis has its origin from the same parts as the Taous and the Anas, that is, in the £. of Spain, and flows in the same general direction, namely, to the W. ; but that it resembles the Anas still more closely, for the two rivers have their sources near each other, and, flow- ing first to the W. and afterwards turning to the S., Ml into the sea on the same coast, namely, the SW. coast. In magnitude, he says, the Baetis is between the other two, that is, greater than the Anas, but leas than the Tagus; referring to its volume, not its length, for it is shorter than the Anas. Paosanias aHh it the greatest of the rivers of Iberia, probably following ancient accounts, when little was known of Central Spain and the Tagus (vL 19. § 3.). Agathemerus mentions it as one of Uie rivers which aro great at the mouth (ii. 10, p. 235, Gronov. p. 48, Hudson). The sources of the river lie in the mountain which rans N. and S. between the Sierra Morena and the Sierra Nevada, forming the £. boundary of the basin of the Baetis, and called by the ancients Orospeda. Its tme source is in that part of Oros- peda called Aroektarius (Sierra Cazorla), near Castulo, 15 miles ESE. of the town which stUl bears its ancient name of Ubeda. (Strab. iiL pp. 148, 162.) Not far from its source it receives two afliuents, much larger than itself, first, on the left, the Cuadiana Menor (L e. Lester Guadiana), which flows from the Sierra Nevada, and enters the Baetis above Ubeda ; and, further down, on the right, the GuadaUmar, from the NE. Accord- ing to Polybius (ap. Strab. p. 148) the sources both of tlie Anas and the Baetis were in Celtiberia, at