Page:Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography Volume I Part 1.djvu/364

 346 AUSONIA. Heeperia and Satnznia, both of them dbvioasly poetical appel]ati<Hi8 (i. 85). Lycoi^iron, though he does not qm the name of AniKHiia, repeatedly applies the adjective Ausonian both to the country and people, apparently as equivalent to Italian ; for he includes under the appellation, Arpi in Apulia, Agylla in Etmiia, the neighbourhood of Curaae in Campania, and the banks of the Crathis in Lncania. (Alex. 593, 615, 702, 922, 1355.) Apollooius Khodius, a little later, seems to use the name of Ausonia (^Awroybf) precisely in the sense in which it is employed by Dionysius Peri^etes and other Greek poets of later times — for the whole Italian peninsula. It was probably only adopted by the Alexandrian writere as a poetiad equivalent for Italia, a name which is not ibund in any poets of that period. (ApolL Rhod. iv. 553, 660, &c. ; Dion. Per. 366, 383, &c.) From them the name of Au« Bonia was adopted by the B<Hnan poete in the same sense (Virg. Aen. vii. 55, x. 54, &c.), and at a later period became not uncommon even in prose writers. The etymology of the name of Ausones is un- certain; but it seems not improbable that it is ori- ginally connected with the same root as Oscus or Opicus. (Buttmann. LexU. voL L p^ 68 ; Donaldson, VarroniaTtuty pp. 3, 4.) [£. H. B.] AUSO'NIA. [Ausones.] AUSTERATIA or AUSTRAIIIA, the German name of an island in the German Ocean (probably Amekmd)j signifying "the sister island." The Bomans caHled it Glessaria, because their soldiers are said to have found amber (jglessum or glan) there. (PUn. H. N. iv. 27, xxxvii. 11 . § 2.) [L. S.] AUTARU'TAE {AirrapiArai), described by Strabo (vii. p. 317) as, at one time, the most nu- merous and bravest of the Illyrians, i4>pear to have bordered to the eastward upon the Agrianes and Bessi, to the south upon the Maedi and Dardani, and in the other directions upon the Ardiaei and Scordisd. (Leake.) We have only a few particu- lars respecting their history. Strabo relates (^L c.) that they were frequently engaged in hostilities with the Ardiad respecting some salt-works situated on the confines of both nations; that they once subdued the Triballi; but were in their turn subjugated, first by the Scordisci, and subsequently by the Ro- mans. We also learn from Diodorus (xx. 19) that the Aiiriatae were likewise conqaered by Audoleon, king oTPaeonia, who transported 20,000 of thou to Mount Orbelus. (Comp. Strab. vii. p. 3 1 5 ; Arrian, Anab. i. 5; Aelian, ff. A, xviL 41 ; Justin, xv. 2; Appian, Illyr. 3 ; Leake, Northern Greece^ voL iii. pp. 463, 464.) AUTEI, an Arab tribe mentioDed by Pliny on the road between Pelusium and Arsinoe. lliey occur also in the neighbourhood of Beroiice, in Fotd Bay^ on the western coast of the Red Sea, at the NE. of Nubia. (Plin. vi. 29. s. 33.) [G. W.] AUTERI, in Irehmd, placed by Ptolemy (ii. 2. § 5) as next to the I^agcatae. Name for name the Nagnatae are the people of Connaught; but the Nagnatae of Ptolemy was a city. This was to the south of the Erd-im, If this name be preserved in Loch Erne (as it probably is), the locality of the Auteri was in Mayo or Galvoay, [R. G. L.] AUTHETA'NL [Ausetajti.] AUTISSIODU'RUM. Julian marched ftxnn Au- gustodunum (^Anhm) to Tricassini or Tricasses (TVoyef), and on his way he went through Au- tissiodurum, or Automdorum, as it stands in the common texts of Ammianus (xvi. 2). This route AUTRIGONES. agrees with the Anton. Itin. and the Table, which place Audssiodorum on the road between Augus- todunum and Tricasses. The place is therefore on the site of Atixerre, on the Yonnej in the depart- ment of Yonne. Autiasiodurum bekmged to the Senones. A sepulchral inscription dug up at Aux- erre contains " civitatis Senonum, Tricassinorum, Meldorum, Pariorum, et civitatis Aeduorum," but it is difficult to see what conclusion can be derived from this. The name " civitas Autesiodurum ** is not found earlier than in the Notitia of the Gallic provinces. A patera found near Auxerre bean the inscription JDeo appolxiki r. p. n. M. auteS' siODURUM. (Walckenaer, (r^., &c., vol i. p. 408.) [G. L.] AUTCXLOLES, or AUTOLOLAE (A^vroXdai, Ptol. iv. 6. § 17; common reading AvroAdrof), a Gaetulian people on the W. coast of Africa, in the "Libya Interior" of Ptolemy, both N. and S. of the Adas, with a dty Autolala, or Autolalae (A^o- daf A£rroA(£Aai). This city is one of Ptolemy's points of astronomical observation, having the longest day 13) hrs., being distant 3) hrs- W. of Alexan- dreia, and having the sun votical once a year, at the time of the winter solstice. (Ptol. iv. 6. § 24; viil. 16. § 4.) Reichard takes it for the modem Ag»- 2on, orAquilon. (^Kleme Geogr. Schrifteny p. 506.) Ail writers, except Ptolemy, call the people Au- tobles. (Plm. v. 1 ; Solin. 24 ; Lucan. Phair$. iv. 677; SiL Ital. iiL 306; Cbiudian. Xond. l^icK L 356.) Ptolemy (iv. 6. § 33) mentions, in the Western Ocean, an island called Autolala, or Junonis Insula (*Hpas ^ KvX AiJToAaa vr^aoi^ as distinct from the Fortunatae group. Some take it for Madeira, but this is very uncertaiu. [P. S.J AUTO'MALA {hifr6twXa, Stiab. ii. p. 123; A6- ro/AoAol, PtoLiv. 4. § 3; A^o/LtoAoira, Steph. B., EA. A^ofuxKaKirris and AJiro/ioAofcc^v ; Avro- fioAoi, Diod. Sic. xx. 41), a border fortress of Cyre- naica, on the extreme W. frontier, at the very bottom of the Great Syrtis, E. of the Altare of the Phikeni ; very probably the Anabucis of the Antonine Itinerary, 25 M. P. E. of Banadedari (the Aroe Plulaenorum, p. 65). Modem travelleia have discovered no vestige of the place. It is menti(med by Diodorus, in con- nection with the difficult march of Ophelias, to sup- port Agathocles in the Carthaginian territory; and in its neighbourhood was a cave, said to have been the abode of the child-murdering queen Lamia. (Diod. /. c) [P. S.] AUTRICUM (CAar^res), a town of the Camntes, a Celtic people. Their chief towns were Autricum and Genabum. Autricum seems to derive its name from the Autura, or EurCf though the name Autura does not occur in any ancient writing; but the river is named Andura in the middle-age writings. Ava- ricum, BourgeMy is a name fonned in like manner from the river Avara. The position of Autricum is determined by two routes in the Table, though the name is miswritten Mitricum. The place afterwards to(^ the name of Camutes or Camutum, whence the name Chartres, [G. L.l AUTRl'GONES (AiVrpi'Tows, PtoL ii. 6. §§ 7, 53; Mela, iii. 1. § 10; PUn. iii. 3. s. 4; Aurigunae, Flor. iv. 12. § 47; Autrigooae, Oros. iv. 21; pro- bably the 'AAAirpi^cu of Strabo, iii. p. 155), a people in the N. of Hispania Tarraconenns, £. of the Can- tabri, between the sea and the sources of the Iberus (Ebro)t in BiscayOf Gvipuzeoa, and Alava, The little river Nerva (iViernon) was in their terrlUnyi