Page:Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography Volume I Part 1.djvu/36

 ACHERUSIA PALUS this name near Hermione in Aigolis. (Paus. ii. 35. § 10.)

ACHEBU'SIA PALUS, the name given to a small lake or saltwater pool in Campania separated from the sea only by a bar of sand, between Cumae and Cape Misenum now called Lago di Fusaro. The name appears to have been bestowed on it (probably by the Greeks of Cumae) in consequence of its proximity to Avernus, when the legends connecting that lake with the entrance to the infernal regions had become established. []. On this account the name was by some applied to the Lucrine lake, while Artemidorus maintained that the Acherusian lake and Avernus were the same. (Strab. v. pp. 243, 245; Plin. iii. 5. s. 9.) The Lago di Futaro could never have had any direct connection with the volcanic phenomena of the region, nor could it have partaken of the gloomy and mysterious character of Lake Avernus. The expressions applied to it by Lycophron (Alex. 695) are mere poetical hyperbole: and Virgil, where he speaks of tenebrosa palus Acheronte refuso (Aen, vi. 107), would seem to refer to Avernus itself rather than to the lake in question. In later times, its banks were adorned, in common with the neighbouring shores of Baiae, with the villas of wealthy Romans; one of these, which belonged to Servilius Vatia, is particularly described by Seneca (Ep. 55).

 ACHE'TUM. [.]

 ACHILLA, ACHOLLA, or ACHULLA (: Eth., Achillitanus: El Aliah, large Ru.), a town on the sea-coast of Africa Propria (Byzacena), a little above the N. extremity of the Lesser Syrtis, and about 20 G. miles S. of Thapsus. It was a colony from the island of Melita (Malta), the people of which were colonists from Carthage. Under the Romans, it was a free city. In the African war, B.C. 46, it submitted to Caesar, for whom it was held by Messius; and it was in vain besieged by the Pompeian commander Considius. Among its ruins, of a late style, but very extensive, there has been found an interesting bilingual inscription, in Phoenician and Latin, in which the name is spelt Achulla (Steph. B. s. v. ; Strab. p. 831; Liv. xxxiii. 48; Appian. Pun. 94; Hirtius, Bell. Afric. 33—43; Plin. v.4; Ptol.; Tab. Peut., name corrupted into Anolla; Shaw's Travels, p. 193; Barth, Wanderungen, gc. vol. i. p. 176; Gesenius, Monum. Phoenic. p. 139.)

 ACHILLE'OS DROMOS (, or, or , or ), a long narrow strip of land in the Euxine, NW. of the Chersonesus Taurica (Crimea) and S. of the mouth of the Borysthenes (Dnieper) running W. and E., with a sight inclination N. and S., for about 80 miles, including that portion of the coast from which it is a prolongation both ways. It is now divided by a narrow gap, which insulates its W. portion, into two parts, called Kosa (i. e. tongue) Tendra on the W., and Kosa Djarilgatch on the E. In the ancient legends, which connected Achilles with the NW. shores of the Euxine, this strip of land was pitched upon as a sort of natural stadium on which he might have exercised that swiftness of foot which Homer sings; and he was supposed to have instituted games there. Further to the W., off the mouth of the Ister, lay a small island, also sacred to the hero, who had a temple there. This island, called Achillis Insula, or Leuce, was said to be the place to which Thetis transported the body of Achilles. By some it was made the abode of the shades of the blest, where Achilles and other heroes were the judges of the dead. Geographers identify it with the little island of Zmiervoi, or Oulan Adasi (i. e. Serpent's Island) in 30° 10′ E kmg., 45° 15′ N. lat. (Herod, iv. 55, 76; Eurip. Iphig. in Taur. 438; Pind. Olymp. ii. 85; Paus. iii. 19. § 11; Strab. pp. 306 — 308, foll; and other passages collected by Ukert, vol. ii. p. 2, pp. 442, foll, and Forbiger, vol iii pp. 1121—1122.)

 ACHILLE'UM, a small town near the promontory Sigeum in the Troad (Herod, v. 94), where, according to tradition, the t ACHILLIS INSULA. [.]

 ACHOLLA. [.]

 ACHRADU'S. [.]

<section end="ACHRADUS" /> <section begin="ACHRIS" />ACHRIS, or A'CHRITA. [.]

<section end="ACHRIS" /> <section begin="ACILA" />A'CILA, which seems to be identical with , now Zee Hill or Ghela, a seaport of the Sabaei Nomades, in Arabia Felix, a short distance to the S. of Mocha and to the N. of the opening of the strait of Babel Mandeb, (Strab. p. 769; Plin. vi. 23. s. 26, 28. s. 32; Ptol. l 7. § 7.) By some geographers it is identified with the BovKucds of the Homeritae mentioned by Procopius (B. P. i. 19).

<section end="ACILA" /> <section begin="ACIMINCUM" />ACIMINCUM, ACUMINCUM (, Ptol. ii. 16. § 5: Alt-Salankemen), a station or permanent cavalry barrack in Pannonia. (Amm. Marc. xix. 11. § 7; Notit. Imp.) By George of Ravenna (iv. 19), and on the Peutingerian Table, the name is written.

<section end="ACIMINCUM" /> <section begin="ACINCUM" />ACINCUM, AQUINCUM (DGRG Greek|Άκούιγκον}}, Ptol. ii, 16. § 4; Tab. Peut; Orelli, Inscript, 506, 959, 963, 3924; Amm. Marc. xxx. 5; Itin. Anton.), a Roman colony and a strong fortress in Pannonia, where the legion Adjutrix Secunda was in garrison (Dion. Cass. lv. 24), and where also there was a large manufactory of bucklers. Acincum, being the centre of the operations on the Roman frontier against the neighbooring lazyges (Slovacs), was occasionally the head-quarters of the emperors. It answers to the present Alt-Buda, where Roman basements and broken pillars of aqueducts are still visible. On the opposite bank of the Danube, and within the territory of the lazyges, stood a Roman fort or outpost called, from its relative position, Contra-Acincum (Not. Imp.), which was connected with Acincum by a bridge. Contra- Acincum is named by Ptolemy (iil 7. § 2).

<section end="ACINCUM" /> <section begin="ACINIPO" />ACI'NIPO (: Ronda la Vieja, Ru. 2 leagues N. of Ronda), a town of Hispania Baetica, on a lofty mountain. Ptolemy calls it a city of the Celtici (ii. 4. § 15.) Its site is marked by the ruins of an aqueduct and a theatre, amidst which many coins are found inscribed with the name of the place. (Florez, Esp. Sagr. vol. ix. pp. 16 — 60; Eckhel, vol. i. p. 14.) COIN OF ACINIPO <section end="ACINIPO" />