Page:Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography Volume I Part 1.djvu/257

 ASNAU& * ASNAUS. [Abbopus.] ASaPIA or ASO'PUS. [Abofus, No. 2.] ASOTUS C^ffcfwis), 1. A river of Boeotia, flowing through the aoothern part of this ooimtxy, in an easteriy direction, and fiiniiig into the Enripos in the temtaej of Attica, new <>ropas. It is formed by the oonflneDoe of several small streams, one rising near Tbespiae, and the others in Mount Cithaeron. Its principal sources are at a spot just under the village of KriakiH, vrhere are two trees, a well, and several springs. In the upper part <^ its course it ferms the boondaiy between the territories of Thebes and Plataeae, flowing through a plain called Para- aoPiA. (Strab. ix. p. 409.) It then forces its way through a rocky ravine of no great length into the plain of Tanagra, after flowing through which it apun traverses a rocky d^Ie, md enters the mari- time plain of Oropos. In the upper part of its coone the river b now called VurienUy in the lower VwriendL Homer describes it as " deep grown with rushes, and grassy " (/Sotfiiirxotroir, Xcxciro(7jy,/Z. iv. 383). It is firsquently dry in summer, but after heavy rains was not easy to ford. (Thuc. ii. 5.) It was on the banks of the Asopus that the memorable battle of Plataeae was fought, b.c. 479. (Herod, vi. 108, ix. 51 ; Strab. ix. p. 408, seq.; Paus. r. 14. § 3 ; Or. Am. iiL 6. 33 ; Leake, Northern Greece, ToL ii. pp. 326, 424, 442, 448.) 2. (^Rker of 1^. George a river of Peloponnesus, riring in the moimtuns & of Phlius, and flowing through Scyonia into the Corinthian gulf. Hence the piain of Sicyooia was caUed AsoPis or Asopia. Its principal sources are at the foot of Mt Gavrid. la the upper part of its course it is a clear tranquil stream, but in passing through Sicyonia it becomes npy, white, and turbid. It flows past the city of Sicyon on the east, and joins the sea a little east- wnd of a round height in the plain. (Strab. vii. ^ 271, viii. p. 382, iz. p. 406 ; Paus. ii. 5. § 2, IS. § 1 ; Plin. ir. 5. s. 6 ; Leake, Morea, vd. iii. fp. 343, 355, seq.; Boblaye, JUeherchet, pb 31.) Respecting the river-god Asopus, who frequently scans in mythology, see Diet. ofBioffr. €md Myth. 3. A river of Phthiotis in Tbessaly, rising in Mt. Oeta, and flawing into the Malic gulf at the pass of T h e iuj i upy lae. For details see Thbrmoptlae. 4. A river in Paros, mentianed only by Strabo (viiL pi 382). 5. A town of the Eleutheio-Lacones in Laconia, «a the eastern side of the Laconian gulf, and 60 stadia sooth «f Acriae. It possessed a temple of the Roman cmpenifs, and on the citadel a temple of Athena Cy- pariasia. At the distance of 12 stadia above the town there was a temple of Asclepius. (Strab. viii. p.364; Pans. iii 21. §7, 22. §9: PtoL iil 16. §9; 'AtfWrwoAis. Hierocl. p. 647.) Strabo (/. c.) spMks cf Cjparitfsia and Asopus as two separate places; hot it appears that Awpos was the later name of Cyparissia. Pansanias (iii. 22. § 9) says that at the foot of the acropolis of Asopus were the ruins of the city of the Acfaaei Paxacyparissii. Strabo de- scribes Cyparissia as " a town with a harbour, d- tnalnl upon a chersonese,'* which corresponds to the ■teof^fifem. The latter is on the high rocky pen- iBBiik of Ktwo XfUf east of which there is a deep inkft of the sea and a good harbour. The acropolis of Cyparissia or Asopus must have occupied the summit of Kavo XyH. (Leake, JIforea, vol. i. p. 225, seq., Peloponnemacaj p. 169.) 6. [Laodicka ad Ltcum.] ASPA LUCA, in Aquitania, is mentioned in the ASPENDUS. 241 Anton. Itiu., on the rood between Caesaraugusta {Saragos8d)f and Beneharmum, on the Gallic side of the Pyrenees. Walckenaer (^G6og. ^, voL i. p. 304) fixes this place at Accom, in the valley of Aepe ; the river Atpe is a branch of the Adow. At Pont Leequitj near AccouSy the valley contracts, but it opens again, and forms a pass into Spain. Walckenaer craijectures that the Apiates, mentioned by Dion Cassins (xxxix. 46), among the people of Aquitania, whom P. Crassus subdued during Caesar's Gallio wars, are the Aspiat^ or inhabitants of the valley of Aspe, and that there is no reason to <Kirrect Apiates into Sotiates. But Caesar*s narrative {B. G. iii. 20) apfdies to the Sotiates, and Dion has the same story in substance with the name Apiates in the present text, instead of Sotiates. [G. L.] ASPABO'TA (*A(nro«<^o), a town of Scythia intra Imaum, on the Caspian (Sea ofAral)^'^. of the mouth of the Oxus. (Ptol. vi. 14. § 2, viii. 23, § 15; Amm. Marc, xziii. 6.) [P. S.] ASPACA'RA, ASPACA'RAE ('AinroicafKi, 'A(r- woucapcu), a city and people of Serica, S. of the Issedones. (PtoL vi. 16. §§5, 7; Amm. Marc xxiii. 6, Asparata.) [P. S.] ASPASl'ACAE. [AfiPisn.] ASPABAGIUM, a town of lUyria, in the territory of Dyrrbachium, where Pompey was encamped for some time in his campaign against Caesar, b. c. 48. (Caes. B. C. iiL 30, 41, 76.) ASPA'SII CAcnrdcrioi, V. R. "Aa-Twi), a tribe of the Paropamisadae at the S. foot of the Paropamisus (^Hindoo KootK), about the river Choes or Choaspes (JTomeA), whom Alexander subdued on his march into India, b. c. 327. (Arrian. Anab. iv. 23, 24.) Strabo calls them Hippasii ('Imrdo'toi, xv. pp. 691, 698), according to Casaubon's emendation of the unmeaning text: and modem scholars have observed that the names are identical, both meaning horse- men, for the root (urp in Sanscrit and Persian is equivalent to hnt in Greek. (Schmieder, ad Arrian. Ind. 6 ; Groskurd, German Translation o/StrabOy p. 119.) Their chief cities were'GoRTDALA and Abioaeum. [P. S.] ASP A VIA, a fortress in the S. of Spain, men- tioned in the account of Caesar's campaign against Sext Pompeius (BelL Hiep. 24) as 5 M. P. from Ucubis. 'The places here referred to should probably be sought in ^e mountains of Baetica (Sierra JkTo- rena) above Cordoba (Ukert, voL ii. pt 1. pp. 351, 352.^ fP S.1 ASPENDUS ("Aenrfydof : Eth. *AcnrfV8toy),a city of Pamphylia, on the Eurymedon, 60 stadia from the mouth of the river, and an Argeian colony (Strab. p. 667). It is mentioned by Thucydides (viii. 81, 87, 108) as a port, or at least a place up to which ships might ascend. The town was situated on high ground; on a mountain, as Pliny (v. 27) calls it; or a very lofty hill, which commands a view of the sea. (Mela, i. 14.) The site must be easily deter- mined by an examination of the lower part of the Eurymedon. From an extract in Spratt's Lycia (vol. ii. p. 32) it may be collected that the name is still Aspendus; it is described as 6 or 8 miles from the sea, and a lofty city. One argument that is urged to prove the identity is, that a great marsh near it is still called Capru, a name identical with that of the ancient marsh or lake Capria. Strabo mentions the lake Capria, and then the Eurymedon ; and he may mean that the lake or marsh is near the river. The brief extract as to Aspendus in Spratt is rather obscure. Pliny (xxii. 7) mentions a lake R