Page:Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography Volume I Part 1.djvu/227

 ABIASPAE — the Gednoi, ArachoBil, Aiii, and Paropaxniaadae, as fiu* «s the river Cophes (the river of Kdlnd). PUnj tberefocv a^^nes an the whole with Straba Diony- aiiu Pterie^tes (1097) agrees with Strabo in ex- ttaSag the N. boundary of the Ariani to the Paro- pamisoai and (714) speaks cf them as inhabiting the shores of the Erythraean Sea. It is probable, from Strabo (xt. p. 724% that that geographer was induced to include the £. Persians, Bactrians, and Sogdaana, with the people of Aiiana below the moantains, beeanse they were for the most part of one speech. Tliav can be no doobt the modem Ircm re- presentB the ancient Ariana, — a word itself of native or%ui ; a Tiew which is borne oat by the traditions «f die coontry pieserTed in the Mohammedan writers of tke ninth and tenth centuries, — according to viioai, eoofiisteatly with the notices in ancient anthocs, the greater part of Ariana was Iran or Perma. (Fudusi, in the Skah Nwnak; Mirkhond, RenU Q9 jg/q.) The names Aria and Ariana, and many other an- cient titles cf which Aria is a component element, are ooBBected with the Hindu term Arya, ^ excellent," land or abode," a conntxy extending from the eastern to the we ste rn sea, and bounded on the K. and S. by the ffwtdla and Vmdhya Mountamt, The na- tive same of the Hindus was Aryans. The ancient FsnHi name of the same district was, according to Aaquetil Dapenon, Aryanem Vaefo (Sansc Arpa- ponkd). Buxnouf ciUls it Airyana or Airya- dagjfa (Sansc Arfa^deaoy and Arych-bhumiy " the iaai of the Arians "); and the researches of De Secy, St Martin, Loogperier, and others, have discovered the word Irtm on the coins of the Sassanian princes. We may therefore conclude that Airya or Airyana an old Persian words, and the names of that region to which the Hindus extended the designation of .4rya, which the Sassanian coins denominate /nm, and which the Greeks <^ Alexander's time nnder- stocd. On the Persian coneiform inscription the orifinai word is Ar^fo* (Kawlinson, At, Joum. xi. pLl.) The towns, riTers, and mountains of Ariana are deacribed under its provinces. [Arachosia, Dran- GiAVA,&c.] (Wi]son,^riana,pp.ll9 — 124; Bur- noof^ Camm. sur U Ya^na, Text. Zend. p. cxxxvi. and not pi cr.; Pott, Etym, Fortch. pp. Ixx. Ixxii.; Lttaen, Ind. AlUrth, vol i. pt. 2 ; De Sacy, AnHq, de la Perte ; St. Martm, Hi$L de VArmea.) [V.] ARiASPAE ('Apianrox, Arrian, iu. 37 ; Curt. viL 3w § 1 ), a tribe of the |Hovince of Drangiana, who fived apparently at its southern extremity, adjoining Gedrocia. Their name has been spelt variously, as Aziiaspae (Curt. vii. 3. I), Zaruspae (Plin. vi. 23. 25), and Arimaspae (Diod. xvii. 81). Arrian (uL 27) states that this was their original title, but that, having aided Cyrus in his Scytliian expedition, they were subsequently called Evergetae (benefac- ton). Diodorus has probably con'bnnded them with the Scythian tribe of the Arimaspi. (Herod, iii. 116.) PtfJemy (vL 19. § 5, andviii. 25.§ 9) speaks of a city eaQed Ariaspa ('A/>id<nni), which was the second dty of Drangiana, probably sitnated on the Ety- mander (^Eimend). Wilson and Bumoof agree in eoDaidering the Greek Ariaspa as equivalent to the Sanscrit Aryiswa, "rearers or riders of excellent hones.* (Wilson, Ariana, p.l55 ; Bumouf, Comm. tar U FofiMi, not p. cv.) [V.] A&LASSCS (Aptaa(r6s}, a city of Pisidia, which may be, as Cramer suggests (^Atia Mm, vol. ii. ARICIA. 211 p. 299), the same city which Strabo (p. 570), ful- lowing Artemldoms, mentions as one ik the cities of Pisidia. There are coins of Ariassus of the time of Sept Severus. [G. L.] ATtlCHI ("Apixos "A^^^X")* » People of Sar- matia Asiatica, near M. Corax, probably identical with the Abhxchi. (PtoL v. 9. § 18.) [P. S.] ABI'CIA ('Apijc/a, Strab., PtoL, Steph. B.; 'Apf- K«a, Dion. Hal : Eih. ^kpucnv6s^ Dion. Hal. ; 'Api- Kan^y Steph. B., Aricinns: La JRiccia)^ an ancient and celebrated city of Latinm, situated on the Appian Way, at the foot of the Mons Albanus, and at the distance of 16 miles from Borne. Its foundation was ascribed by Cassius Hemina to a Sicolian chief named Archiluchus. (Solin. 2. § 10.) We have no more authentic account of its origin: but it ap- pears in the early history of Bome as one of the most powerful and important cities of the Latin League. The first mention of it is found in the reign of Tarquinius Snperbns, when its chief, Tumus Herdonius, took the lead in opposing the pretensions of Tarquin to the supremacy over Latium, in a manner that clearly indicates that Aricia was power- jful enough to aspire to this supremacy for itself. (Liv. i. 60, 62; Niebuhr, vol. i. p. 549, not.) For the same reason it was the principal object against which Porsena directed his aims alter having humbled Bome; but the Aricians, being supported by auxiliaries firom the other cities oi Latium, as well as from Cumae, {ooved victorious. Aruns, the son of Porsena, who commanded the Etruscan army, was shun in battle, and his forces utterly defeated. (Liv. il 14; Dion. Hal. v. 36.) The shelter and countenance shown by the Romans to the vanquished Tuscans is said to have led the Aricians to take a prominrat part in the war of the Latins against Rome, which terminated in their defeat at the Lake Regillus, B.C. 498. (Dion. Hal. v. 51, 61, 62.) But they unquestionably joined in the treaty con- cluded with Sp. Cassius in b. c. 493 (Niebuhr, vol.il pp. 17, 24), and from this time their name rarely appears as acting separately from the other Latins. In b. c. 495 a great battle was fought near Aricia between the Romans and Auruncans, in which the latter were totally drfeated. (Liv. ii. 26; Dion. Hal. vi. 32.) In b. c. 446 we find the Ari- cians waging war with their neighbours of Ardca for the possession of the territory which hod be- longed to Corioli; but the dispute was ultimately referred to the Romans, who appropriated the lands in question to themselves. (Liv. iii. 71, 72; Dion. Hal. xi. 52.) No subsequent mention of Aricia occurs previous to the great Latin War in b. o 340 ; but on that occasion they joined their arms with the confederates, and were defeated, together with the forces of Antium, Lanuvium, and Velitrae, at tho river Astura. In the general settlement of Latium which followed the Aricians were fortunate enough to obtain the full rights of Roman citizens. (Liv. viii. 13, 14; Festus, on the contrary, v. Muni- cipium^ p. 127, M., represents them as obtaining only the " civitas sine sufiragio.'*) From this time Aricia became a mere mmdcipal town, but appears to have ccmtinued in a fiourishing condition. In b. c. 87 it was taken and plundered by Marius, but was shortly after restored and rcfortified by Sulla (Liv. EpiU Ixxx. ; Lib. Colon, p. 230), and Cicero speaks of it as in his time a wealthy and flourishing municipium. (^Pkil. iii. 6 ; Ascon. ai MUon. p. 32.) Atia, the mother of Augustus, and her father, M. Atius Balbus, were natives of Aricia, from whence p2
 * hooooraUe." In Mano, Arya wartia is the " holy