Page:Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography Volume I Part 1.djvu/215

 ABGENTOVABIA. •ttl othen), ipnkB of it as having once the name of ArpBOtaria " nunc autem StraUbnrg rolgo didtor -, " bat he is pnhablj mistaken in giving it the name ef Azgniaria instead of Aigentoimtam. [Abgbk- TJLBLA.] Zoomiu (liL 3) calls the {£fM» *Ap- T^Tw^ It was originaUj a town of the TriboccL The Bomnns had a mann&ctorjr of anns at Ai^gen- toia&im; and Julian defeated the Alemanni here. (Amm. MarodL xtL 12.) fG. L.] ABGENTOVAltlA. [Aboektabia.] ARGIDA'VA. [Abgidata.] AKGILUS rAfjtKos: Eth. 'Kffyltos),A dty of M«r*Aiita in the district Bisaltia, between Amphi-> poGi and Bromisciis. It was fbonded by a colony lieniAndros. (Thnc iv. 103.) It appears from HcrcMlotas (viL 115) to have been a little to the li^t of the roate of the army of Xenes, and mnst there£Bra have been sitnated a little inland. Its t enitu iy most have been extended as far as the right baok of the Stiymon, since Cerdyliom, the monn- taia immediately opposite Amphipolis, belongM to Ari^ns. (Thnc v. 6.) The Argilians readily joinsd Bni^daa in b. c. 424, on acooont <^ their jeakmsy of the important city of Amphipolis, which the Athmiana had foonded in their neighbourhood. (Thnc iv. 103; oomp. Steph. B. #. v.; Leake, Iicrlkerm Greece, vol. iii. p. 171.) ARGDnrSAE (o^ 'Apyt^ewrui), three small iibnds near the mainland of Aeolis, and near Canae en the mainhmd. (Stnb. p. 617.) They lay be- twcen Canae and Mytilene in Leebos, and 120 stadia from lf3rtilene. Thueydides (viil 101) speaks of Aiginasae of the mainland, as if there were a place en the mainland so called. Off these islands the ten y^encnls of the Athenians gained a naval victory over the SpartalM, B. c. 406. (Xen. ^««L i. 6.) Stephanas (s^v.*Apy€nnvaa) describes Argennusa as an island on the coast of Troas, near a promontory AitreanoD. This de8cription,given on the authority of Androtian, does not suit the Arginusae ; but Stephanus does not mentioo them elsewhere. Pliny(v.81)places the Arginusae iv. M. P. from A^e. The modem name of the iahmds is said to be J€motj9c[Q. L.] ABGIFPAEI (^*Afytintaiot^ according to the com- mon test of Herod, iv. 23; but two good HSS. have Xyyir/ca-cuai, which Dindorf adopts; *O^t4fi7r90i, Zenob. /Vov. v. 25; Arimphaei or Arymphaei, Mela, Plia. IL aa/I ce.), a people in the north of Asia, dwell- ii^ beyond the Scythians, at the foot of inaccessible nomilaiiis, heyoiad which, says Herodotus (c. 25), the eonntiy was unknown ; only the Argippaei stated that these moontains were inhabited by men with jeoats" feet, and that beyond them were other men who slept for six months; ** but this story," he adds, " I 4fe not at all acceiiL** East of the Argippaei dwelt the Issedones; but to the N. of both nothing was known. As fiu* as the Argippaei, however, the people were well known, through the traffic both of tiw Scythians and of the Greek colonies on the ABGOLICUS SIXUS. 199 These people were all bald from.thdr birth, both and women; flat-nosed and long-ciiinned. They spoke a distinct language, but wore the Scythian dreasw They fived on the fruit of a species of cherry (pniiahly the Prwm* padus^ or hird^cherty), the thick juioe of which th^ strained through cloths, and dnnk it pare, or mingled with milk ; and they mnie cakes with the pulp, the juice of which they called i^X"- Their flocks were few, because the pnscBT^ was scanty. Each man made his abode ■nder a tvee, abont .which a sort of blanket was a hung in the winter only. The bald people were esteemed sacred, and were unmolested, though carry- ing no arms. Their neighbours referred disputes to their decision; and dl fugitives who reached them enjoyed the right of sanctuary. Throughout his account Herodotus calls them the bald people (ot ^taXwcpoi), only mentioning their proper name <mce, where the reading is doubtful. Mela (i. 19. § 20), enumerating the peoples E. of the Tanais, says that, beyond the Thyssagetae and Turcae, a rocky and desert region extends far and wide to the Arymphaei, of whom he gives a de« Bcription, manifestly copied from Hei^otus, and then adds, that beycmd them rises the mountain Rhipaens, beyond which lies the shore of the Ocean. A precisely simihur position is assigned to the Arim- phaei by Pliny (vi. 7, 13. s. 14), who calls them a race not unlike the Hyperborei, and then, like Mela, abridges the description of Herodotus. (Comp. Amm. Marc xxii. 8. § 38 ; Solin. 21. s. 17; Mar- cian. Cap.vi. p. 214.) An account of the various <^intons respecting this race will be found in Baehr's Notes on the pas- sage in Herodotus. They have been identified with the Chinese, the Brahmins or Lamas, and the Cal- mucks. The last seems to be the most probable opinion, or the description of Herodotus may be ap- plied to the Mongols in general ; for there are several striking points oi resemblance. Their sacred cha- racter has been explained as referring to the class of priests amoag them ; but perhaps it is only a form of the celebrated &ble of the Hypeii)orean8. The mountains, at the foot of which they are placed, are identified, according to the different views about the people, with the Ural^ or the W. extremity of the Altai, or the eastern part of the Altai. (De Guignes, Mem. de VAcad, dee Inscrip. vol. xxxv. p. 651; Bitter, Erdhmde, vol ii. pp. 691, 765, 892, Vor- haUe, p. 292 ; Heeren, Ideen, i. 2, p. 299 ; Bohlen, Jndien, i. p. 100; Ukert, Hi. 2. pp. 543—546; Forbiger, ii. p. 470.) [P. S.] ARGISSA. [Arqura.] ARGITA ('A^(to), the river Ban, in Ulster, in Irehmd. (Ptol. ii. 2. § 2.) [R. G. L.] ARGITHEA, the capital of Athamania, a dis- trict of Epirus, situated betwixt rocky mountains and deep valleys. Leake supposes that it was situ« ated above the bridge of Kordku, to the left of the main stream of the Achelous, and that the ruins found at a small village caUed Knieovo are those of Argithea. (Liv. xxxviii. 1 ; Leake, Northern Greece, vol. iv. pp. 272, 526.) ARGI'VI. [Akoos.] ARGOB ('Af>7o«, LXX: Rdfib, Robinson, Po- lestine, vol. iii. App. p. 166), a district in Bashan, £. of the lake of Gennesareth, which was given to the half-tribe of Manasseh {Dent iii. 4, 13) ; after- wards placed under the government of one of Solo- mon's purveyors. (1 Kings, iv. 13.) Relond (/a- laest. p. 959) finds traces of this name in the trans- Jordanic town.Ragab (yayaSd, Joseph. Antiq. xiii. 18. § 5), which Eusebius (^Orwmast. s. v. Argob} places 1 5 M. P. west of Gerasa. Burkhardt ( Travels p. 279) supposed that he had found the ruins of. this city in those of El-Hosm on the £. side of the lake of Gennesareth, but Mr. Bankes (Quarter/^ Re* view, vol. xxvi. p. 3i39) conceives this to have been the site of Gamala. [£. B. J.] ARGO'LICUS SINUS (6 'Af>yoiKhs k6xos), the gulf between Argolis and Laconia, but sometimes used, in a inore extended sense, to indicate the whole o4