Page:Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography Volume I Part 1.djvu/186

770 AQUAE. AQUILEIA. Republic, but it was already a considerable town in the days of Strabo, and under the Roman Empire became one of the moet flourishing and important cities of Liguria, a position which we find it retain- ing down to a late period. The inhabitants bear on an inscription the name " Aquenses Statiellenses.*' It was the chief place of the tribe of* the Statiejlli, and one of the principal military stations in this part of Italy. (Strab. v. p. 217; Plin. iii. 5. s. 7; Orell. Inscr, 4927; Inscr. ap. Spon. Misc. Ant. p. 164; Notit Dign. p. 121.) It is still mentioned by Panlus Diaconns among the chief cities of this pro- yince at the time of the Lombaxd invasion: aod Liutprand of Cremona, a writer of the tenth cen- tnry, speaks of the Boman Thermae, constmcted on a scale of the greatest splendonr, as still existing there in his time. (P. Diac iL 16; Liutprand, Hist ii. 11.) The modern dty of Acqui is a large and flourishing place, and its mineral waters are still much frequented. Some remains of the ancient baths, as well as portions of an aqneduct, are still visible, while very numerous inscriptions, chiefly se- pulchral, have been discovered there, as well as in- numerable urns, lamps, coins, and other relics of an- tiquity.

We learn from the Itineraries that a branch of the Via Aurelia quitted the coast at Vada Sabbata ( Vado) and crossed the Apennines to Aquae Sta- tiellae, from whence it communicated by Dertona with Placentia on the '^^ Aeinilia. The distance from Vada Sabbata to Aquae is given as 52 R. miles. (Itin. Ant p. 294; Tab. Pent) [E. H. B.]

AQUAE TACAPITA'NAE (El Hammat-d- Khabs), so c^ed from the important town of Ta- CAPB, at the bottom of the Syrtis Minor, from which it was distant 18 M. P. to the SW. {Ant. Jiin. pp. 74, 78.) [P. S.]

AQUAE TARBEXLICAE (^Dax or Dacqs) or AQUAE TARB£LLAE,asAusomn8 calls it (iVoe/. TrtSy Syragrio). Vlbius Sequester has the name TarbelU Civitas (p. 68, ed. Oberlin). In the Not. GaU. the name is Aquenaum Civitas. The word - Aquae is the origin of the modern name Aqt or Ac$^ which the Gascons made Daqs or DaXy by uniting the preposition to the name of the place. Ptolemy is the only writer who gives it the name of Au- gustas (phara AJryoi/ora). This place, which is noted for its mineral waters, is on the road from Asturica (Astorga) to Burdigala (Bordeaux)^ and on the left bank of the Atunis {Adour). There ore or were remains of an aqueduct near the town, and Boman constractions near the wami springs in the town. The mineral springs are mentioned by Pliny (xxxi. 2). [G. L.]

AQUAE TAUBI, another of the numerous wa- tering-places of Etruria, situated about three miles NE. of Centnmcellae (Ct'rito Vecchia). They are now called Bagni di Ferrata. The thermal waters here appear to have been in great vogue among the Bomans of the Empire, so that a town must have grown up on the spot, as we find the " Aquenses cognomine Tauriui " mentioned by Pliny (iii. 5. s. 8) among the separate communities of Etraria. The baths are described by Butilius, who calls them Tanri Thermae, and ascribes their name to their accidental discovery by a bulL (Butil. Itin. I 249—260; Tab. Pent.; Cluver. /to/, p. 486.) [E. H. B.]

AQUAE TIBILITA'NAE(/7a»Miia»iJA*iboirfm, or perhaps ffammam-el-Berdd), in Numidia, near the river Bubricatus, on the high road from Cirta to AQUILEIA. Hippo Begins, 54 M. P. £. of the forn^er, ad 40 M. P. SW. of the Utter. (AnL Itin. p. 42; Tab. PetU.') It formed an episcopal see. (Optat c. Jhnat. i. 14.) Bemains of large baths, of Boman workman- ship, are still found at Hammam Makoutin. (Shaw, p. 121, 1st ed.; Baih, WandertrngeHf 4c., p. 71.) [P.S.]

AQUAE VOLATEBBA'NAE. [Volatbrrar.]

AQUENSIS VICUS. [Aquae Cohvesabum.] AQUILA'BIA, a place on the coast of Zcngitana, 22 M. P. from Clupea, with a good summer road- stead, between two projecting headlands, where Curio landed from Sidlj before his defeat and death, b. c. 49. (Cacs. B. C. ii. 23.) The place seems to cor- respond to Alhotcareahy a little SW. of C. Bon (Pr. Mercurii), wha% are €tie remains of the great stone- quarries used in the building of Utica and Carthage. These .quarries run up from the sea, and fonn great caves, lighted by openings in the roof, and supported by pillars. They are doubtless the quames at irhicb Agathocles landed from Sicily (Died. xz. 6); and Shaw c(«isiderB them to answer exactly to Viipi*s description of the landing place of Aeneas, (^en. i. 163; Shaw, pp. 158, 159; Barth, Wanderungm^ ^., pp. 132, 133.) [P.S.]

AQUILEIA ('AjcwAiito, Strab. et alii; 'Ajcabi- A7}ta, Ptol.: £th. *AKvXiios, Steph. B., but 'Akv- iiat0Sf Herodian.; AquiUeiensis), the capital of the province of Venetia, and one of the most important cities of Nortliem Italy, was situated near the head of the Adriatic Sea, between the rivers AUa and Natisa Strabo tells us that it was 60 stadia iinin the sea, which is just about the truth, while Pliny erroneously places it 15 miles inland. Both these authors, as well as Mela and Herodian, agree in describing it as situated on the river Natiso; and Pliny says, that both that river and the Turrus (Natito cum 2Wro) flowed by the walls of Aqui- leia. At the present day the river Torre (evidently the Turrus of Pliny) falls into the Natitone (a con- siderable mountain torrent, whidi rises in the Alps and flows by Citfidale, the ancient Forum Jolii), about 13 miles N. of Aquileia, and their combined waters discharge themselves into the /fonzo, about 4 miles NE. of that city. But from the low and level character of the country, and the violence of these mountain streams, there is mnch probability that they have clianged their course, and really flowed, in ancient times, as described by Strabo and Pliny. An artificial cut, or canal, communicating from Aquileia with the sea, is still called Natisa. (Strab. V. p. 214; Plin. iii. 18. s. 22; Mela, il 4; Herodian, viii. 2, 5; Cluver. ItaL p. 184.) All authors agree in ascribing the first foundation of Aquileia to the Bomans; and Livy expressly tells us that the territory was previously uninhabited, on which account a body of Transalpine Gauls who had crossed the mountains in search of new abodes, endeavoured to form a settlement there; but the liomans took umbrage at this, and compelled them to recross the Alps. (Liv. xxxix. 22, 45, 54, 55.) It was in order to prevent a repetition of such an attempt, as well as to guard the fertile phiins of Italy from the irraptions of the barbarians on its NE. frontier, that the Bomans determined to esta- blish a colony there. In b. c. 181, a body of 3000 colonists was settled there, to which, 12 years later (b. c. 169), 1500 more families were added. (Liv. xl. 34, xliii. 17; Veil. Pat i. 15.) The new colony, which received the name of Aquileia from the accidental omen of an eagle at the time of its