Page:Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography Volume I Part 1.djvu/176

160 APOLLOINA. lioii of the temple hiving ban erected by Plolemy PhilomebH- B. c 181. Tbe temple of ApolliDapolu, u ft umple of £gjptiiiD a»ani irchiuctare, it minntelj described ID the Pem^ Cytlopeiia, an. Edfu, and in the I>t Tolorae of Briiith ^utetfm, Egyptian Anttquitietj vbcre nlflo will be found a i^round plan of it. See lito Belzoni, mnd Wilkinaon'i Egi/pl and ThAa, pp. 43S— i3B. . Apolunopolib Pahva ('AT^Usvat 1^ M'ifKi, Stepfa. B. (. D.; 'KiriK>.itt «i»pdt, HierocL p. 731^ ApolloiHs minOTia [orbs], It. Anton, p. 158), wu a lawn in Upper Egypt, in Lit. 27° N, upon the venlern bank rf the Nile. It atood between H^p- eeli and Ljcopolia, end l>elonged to the Hjpsehote . ApoLLisoroua Parta {'KriKKmot wiKit luKpii, PUil. iv. 5. § 70; 'KrifjMVO! niKa, Stnb. xviLp.ei5; Apollonoe Vicuj!, It. Anton, p. 165), wu » town of the Thebud, in the Coptite Nome, in Lat. 36° N., sitoBted between Thebes wid CupCoa. It stood on the eaatero bvik of the Nile, and carried on an sctiie trade vitli Berenice itA Hjras Honnos, on the Ked Sea. ApolliiMtpolii Pwa was 22 milei distant from Tbebes, and is the modern Ktat. It cormpouds, probably, to the Uaiimtanopolii of the later emperors. . Apt)LLisopou»CSteph.B. »,f.! P!in.Ti.35>, was a town of the Megabari, in eastern Aethiopa. . Afollohob Utdheium (Plin. vi. 26; It AntoT}.), st«id upon the high rud from Goptoe, in the Thebaid, to Qereniai on the Bed Sea, and wai between those citief. [W. B. D.] APOLL(raiACAiro?u>irIa: £1^ 'AwoAAwnd- Ti)t, Apolloniatea, Apolliniu, -fitis, ApoUonienae), in Europe. I. Adt]'o[^il7,«hich,accoiding toSteph. Byi.,was atuated in.tho neighbourhood of Aluntiiun Cutacte. CioiroaLianieotionsit(Or.HiVerr.iii.43} and in cotgunction with Halontium, CapitiDm, and SnguiitrD, in a mamierthat seems to imply that it was situated io the same port of Sialj with these cities; and we learn from Uodoma (iri. 72) that it was at onetime xul^ect to L^tiiMS, the tyrant of Engoium, from whose hand* it was wrested by Timoloon, und Teatored to an independent condition. A little later we find it again menlioDed among the cities reduced by Afrsthoclce, after his retnm from Africa, B.C. 307 (Diod. xx. 56), Bat it evidently regained its liberty after the fall of the tyrant, and in the days of Cicero wu still a municipal town of aome im- pnrtance. (Or. m Verr. iii. *3, v. 33.) From this time it dinppears from history, and the name U not found «ther in Pliny or Ptolemy. Ita site has been much disputed; but the pas- sages above cited pnct distinctly to a poution in Ibe nmih-eastem part of Sicily; and it b probable that the modern PoJKiu, a smidl town en a hill, about 3 miles from the sea-coast, and 8 or 3 E. bomCefalu, ocpnines it« ate. The resemblance «f nsnia is cer- taiidy entitled to much weight; and if Enguinm be correctly placed at Gangi, the connexion between that dty and Apollonia is easily eipluoed. It must be admitUd that the words of Stephanua require, APOLLONIA. B.*,P.),the by the Cydomstw, sin were ineir menaa ana allies. (Fdyb. uiiL 16.) The ute is on the ecost oeir Ampo, or perhi]* apprcBching tnwards MtgiiUi fulnm, at the Gj>>- ifav. (Pashlej, CWfc, Tol. Lp.2fll.) The sitt of the other city, which was once calitd KlekAm ('EAiliApa, Ste^. B.), ii Dnocrtain. The pbilia>- ^her Diogenes Apolloniates was a native nf Apjj. loniales in Cr«te. (Diet, of Btog. i. v.) [E.BJ.] 3. {Pellma, or Poffifna), a city of lUyria, tiio- ated 10 stadia &om the right bank of the Aaas, and 60 stadia from the sea (Stub. vii. p. 316), n- SO stadia according to Scylai (p. 10). It nu founded by the CJorinthians and Corcyraoos is the seventh century before the Christisn era, and is nid to have been originally called Gylacda (ruA^rfia), from Gylax, the name of its oecist. (Thnc. i. 26; Scytrmus, 439, MO; Pans. i. 21. § 12, 22. J 3; Strab.Lc; Stepb.6. s.f.) Apolitnia wod beomc a flourishing place, bat its name rardy ocmis Id Grecian history. It is mentioned in the civil nn between Caesar and Pompey, as a fortified town with a citadel; and tUe possessioD of it nas pf j^inl importance to Caeaar in bis cunpoigci agtuiet F<in- pey in Grwce. (Caes, B. C. iii. 12, Itq.} Towaids the end of the Roman republic it was celebrated n a seat of learning; and many of the Booun nobla were aocustamed to send thor aona thither for the purpose of studying the hteratnre and philceophy of Greeoe. It was here that Augrutns spent al months before the death of his uncle summoiid him to Rome. (SuAAvg. 10; Veil. PaL ii. 59.) Clem calls it at this period " urtis magna et giaiu." Apollonia is mentionod by Hierodcs (p. 653, ed. "•--"--^ '- ihe siath centnr; ■ - ■■ ' - but tittle dependence e placed upon the ac in the 1 I of the middle aget. Tbe village of AlUoo, a little to the S. of Apollirai, appears to have increased In importance in the middle ages, as Apollonia declined. AccordinE I" 5Irabo (p. 322), the Via Eenatia coiutiennd U Apollonia, and according to athers at Dyrrbacbiuni; the two roads met at Clodiani. There are srarrdy any vestiges of the ancient city at the prefcm dsj. Leako discovered «ome traces of walls and of two Lcmplea; and the monastery, built near its silp, aa- talus some fine peces of sculpture, which were foiutd in ploughing the fields in its neighbourhood. (Leair. Korthent Grtcct, vol i. p. 368, seq.; Tafel, Ik Via Egmttia, p. U, se^.) The coins vbicb bare bMn published as of this city belong either to Apollonia, in niyria, or to Tauronieniuni(Eckbel, voLi. p.198.) [E. H. B.J S. Tbe name of two dtics in Crete, one near . (Sucioli'), a town of Thru«, ot Euxinus, a little S. of Mesambria, was a colony of the Hileaians. It had two large barbanrs, and the greater part of the town was situated on a small island. It preerased a celebrated temple of Aprflo, and a colossal statue of this god, 30 cubits in heigbt, which M. Lucullua carried to Rome and placed m the CaptoL (Herod.iv.90;St™b.riLp,319,iaLp.541, Plin. Hiiv, 7- a. 18 § 39; Scvmnus, 730; Arrian, Ptripl p. 24, Anon. Peript. p. 14.) It was sub- sequently cailod Sozoi'oi49 (2»iilwDAit, Anon. Pt- ripl. p. 14), whence its modern name SiieioU.