Page:Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography Volume I Part 1.djvu/163

 AKTIOCHEIA. flowed b is twt qi tiie two parts ot the town a used fir imgBtion. Pliiqr adds that the soldieis of Cras- 9W, vfaara Ondcs took prisonerB (Flat. Cratt. e. 3 1 ), wen aetUed heie. The place appears to be Merv, «n the Mmyk^-ambf the aocieiit Margoe, where there tn naaias e£ an old town. Merv lies nearij dae Borthof fiefat. 7. PisiDiAX (*A. 4*p^f Tp TlunS^ 'A. rris Tbaidias, AeL Apo$L zxxL 14), was aitaated on the fi. side of tbe moontain homidary betweeo Phiygia and Pisidia. Scrabo (p. $77) |Jacea PhiimneUum on the north aide ni this xange and close to it, and AxUiocheia en the aoath. Akakehr oonespoods to Philomeliom aad Tmlobttteh to Antiocheia. " The distance firam TalokUek to Akakekr is six hours over the moan- tains, AU^ekr being exactly q>pQ6ite." (Hamilton, Ateareket, ^, toL L p. 472 ; Axunddl, JHscoveriety ^ ^ L Pl 281.) Strabo describes Philomelinm as hen^ in a plaiBY aad Antiocheia on a soutll emi- aeaoe ; and this descripCioB exactly snits Akshekr vsdTabbaiek, AnrndfiU fixat described the remains of Antiocheia, which an OEomeroosu He mentions a large boQding eoBMiacted of prodigions stones, of which the gronnd* pha and ibe circnlar end fiir the bema were remain- w^ He sappoees this to have been a chmrch. There are the ruins of a wall ; and twenty perfect azthes of an aqueduct, the stones of which are with- mi ceflHBt, and of the same large dimoisions as those in the wmD. There are also the remains of a temple flf DionjwM, and of a small theatre. Another con- atmction is cat in the rock in a semidroolar form, m the centre of which a mass of rock has been left, which is hollovred oat into a square chamber. lEaases of hi^y finished marble cornices, with ttvenl broken fluted cohmms, are qaead about the hoikw. This place may have been the adytum of a tcBipie, as the remains of a portico are seen in fpoBtt ; and it has been conjectured that if the edi- fice was a temple, it may be that of Men Arcaens, w^ WM wucdiipped at Antioch. The temple had stares. Hamilton oi^ed several inscriptions, all latin ocept one. The ste of this city is now clearly detennined by the Tcrification of the deseriptioa <^ Sbaho, and diis hct is a valuable addition to oar kaswledge of the geogn^y of Asia Minor. Antiocfafla is ssid to have been founded by a eakoy firom Magnesia, on the Maeander. (Strabo.) The Bomans, says ^rabo, " released it from the kiqp, at the time when they gave the rest of Asia, within Tanros, to Eumenes." The kkigs are the ^riaa kings. After Antiochns III. was defeated by the Romans at Magnesia, B. o. 190, they en- hrged the dominiww of Eomenes II. king of Pei^;a- SBSy and Antioch was included in the grant It afterwards came into the possession of the Romans, aad was made a colony, with the title of Gaesarea (Ffin. T. 4), n name which was given it apparently earij in tbs imperial period. Hamilton foond an m a a iyUt Mi with the winds aktiocukab caesakb, the xcsi being e&ced ; and Uiera is the same evi- deaa on coins. The name of the god mbn. m xzsas also appears on coins of Antioch. The most memorable event in the histoiy of An- tMch is the visit of Paul and Barnabas. The phioe then contuned a laige number of Jews. The ynmAaag of Paul pnxluced a great effect upon the Greeks, bat the Jews raised a persecution against the Apostles, and expelled them from the town. They, however, paid it a second visit {AcUy xiv. 21), and confirmed the disciples. ANTIPHELLU& 147 Antioch was the capital of the Roman province Pisidia, and had the Jos Italicum. (Paohis, Dig. 50. tit. 15. s. 8.) 8. Ad Taurum (*A. wphs Tabp^), is enumerated by Stephanus (s. v, *AjfTi6x*ta) amon^ the cities of this name (m r^ To^p9» iy KofA/utyri'ii)* It is also mentioned by Ptolemy (v. 10. § 10). There seems no si^Bcient evidence for fixing its position. Some geographers place it at Ainidbj about 70 miles N. by E. from Aleppo. [G. L.] ANTIPATRIA or -EA, a town of Dlyricum situated on the right bank of the Apsm, in a narrow pass. (Lir. xxxL 27; Leake, Northern Greece, vol i. p^ 361.) ANTIPATRK (^Ayramrptf : Eth. 'Ayrnwrpl- Ti}5),a city built by Herod the Great, and named after his fiither Antipater. It was situated in a wdl- watered and richly-wooded plain named Oaphar- saba(Ka^ap(ni^a,al.Xa$ap^a^Joeeph.^n(.XTi.5. §2), so called from a more ancient town, whose site the new city occu|ued. (lb. xiii. 15. §1.) A stream ran round the city. Alexander Jaimaeus, when threatened with an invasion by Antiochns (Dionysus), drew a deep trench between this place, which was situated near the moimtains, and the sea at Joppa, a distance of 1 20stadia. The ditch was fortified mth a wall and towere of wood, which were taken and burnt by Antiochns, and the trench was filled up. (£. J!, i. 4. § 7 ; comp. Ant, xiii. 15. § 1.) It lay on the road between Caesareia and Jerusalem. {B. J. ii. 19. § 1.) Here it was that the escort of Hoplites, who had accompanied St. Paul on his nocturnal journey firom Jerosalem, left him to proceed with the horsemen to Caesareia. (^Acte, xxiii. 31.) Its ancient name and site is still preserved by a Muslim village of considerable size, built entirely of mud, on a slight circular eminence near the western hills of the coast of Palestine, about three hoars north of Jaffa. No ruins, nor indeed the least vestige of antiquity, is to be discovered. The water, too, has entii^y disappeared. (Mr. £11 Smith, in Btblio- theca Saora, 1843, p. 493.) [G. W.] ANTIPHELLUSCAKT/4»fAAoy: Eth,'Am<^t- Xinis and 'Ai^rK^cAAefn?; : Antephdo or Andijilo), a town of Lyda, on the south coast, at the head of a bay. An inscription copied by Fellows at this phice, contains the ethnic name ANTI^EAAEITOT (Discoveries in Lyda, p. 186). The little theatre of Antiphellns is complete, with the exception of the proeoenium. Fellows gives a page of drawings of specimens of ends of sarcophagi, pediments, and doore of tombs. Strabo (p. 666) incorrectly places Antiphellus among the inland towns. Beaufort {Karamcmiay p. 13) gives the name of Vathy to the bay at the head of which AntipheUas stands, and he was the discoverer of this ancient site There is a ground-plan of Antiphellns in Spratt's Lycia, There are coins of Antiphellus of the im- perial period, with the epigraph *Ayri^XAeiTw» Nothing is known of the history of this place. Phellus (^cAAos) is mentioned by Strabo with Antiphellus. Fellows places the site of Phellus near a village called Saaret, WNW. of Antiphellus, ' and separated firom it (j mountains. He found on a summit the remains of a town, and inscriptions in Greek charactere, but too much defiiced to be legible. Spratt {Lycia, vol. i. p. 66) places the Pyrrha of Pliny (v. 27) at Saaret, and this position agrees better with Pliny's words : " Antiphellos quae quondam Habessus; atque in recossu Phellus; demde Pyrrha itemque Xantfaus,'* &c. It is more L 2