Page:Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography Volume I Part 1.djvu/155

 AKTEMNAK tihf^<r Ml itxaUe Moslaiiit and 44 Greeks, ac- eoidii^ to the Amefkan iniaioiuuies. {BibUotheoa Saer^^r, p. 247.) The walls, boilt of heavy InefW itBBBiy are i^ nmainiqg — the most im- poswiaedflMB of Phoenkaan fartificatkm in Syria. {Jfitk^ tm kt Pkmieims par 1' AbM AGgnot» jlcadL dbf iMb» lettTM, Tol. xsdT. p. 239 ; Edriid, par Jt^eri, ^ 129, 130.) [E. B. L] ANTEMKAE (*Atn4,ams £tk. Antemaas, fitu), a TOT aDdcnt dty of LaUam situated oulj three Bski fitoiKane, jvst below the confluence of the Anio vitlitheTiber. If dented its name from this positioQ, mUmmem, (Yair. <2e Z.wl«. t.§ 28; Feat.p.17; Serf. 9i Am, m 631.) All authors agree in repre- iodBgiiasavayandentcitj. Viigil mentioos the • ** tover-bearing AntcDmae" among the five great cities which were the first to take up arms against tbe Tnyaos {Am. vii. 631), and Silios Italicos tells M that it was efen more ancient than Cmstomiom (friam Crastanno prior, viiL 367). DioDjaus calls itaeitjofthe Aborigines, and in one passage says exjacadj that it was founded by th«n: while in asotfaer be repreaents them as wresting it from the fimii (L 16, il 35). From its proumitj to Borne it wBi Batnndly one of the first places that came ma collision with the rising ci^; end took np anns tofeedtfr with Caenina and Cmstmnerinm to avenge tk rape of the women. They were however nnsnc> caafiil, the city was taken by Bomnlus, and part of tk «fc«fc«*M»*ii removed to Borne, while a Boman ooloBf WIS sent to supply their place. (Liv. L 10, 11; biooja. u. 32—35; Plat MohmL 17.) Pln- tarrii errooeoasly supposes Antemnae to have been a Mm dty, and this view has been adopted by Baar modem wiiten; bat both Livy and Dionysias deariv Rgard it as of Latin origin, and after the apikian of the kinga it was one of the first Latin aaai tbat took up anns against Borne in iavour of tfaa exikd Taiquin (Dionys. v. 21). But from tUi one its name dasappean from history as an jahpa rimt dty: it is not'found in the list <tf the 90 dat» of the Latin league, and most have been carif de atny e d or reduced to a state of complete Ayi i dw ii e upon Borne. Yano (iLc) speaks of it u a decayed place; and though IMonysias tells us it was atiQ ««l*«V"***< in his time (i. 16) we learn from Sbik) (v. p. 230) that it was a mere village, the fnfertj of a private individuaL Pliny also enumft- iHs it among the cities of Latium which were •aerfy estinct (iiL 5. s. 9). The name is how- ever iMntianed on occasion of the great battle at tk CoOiBe Gate, b. a 82, when the left wing of Ibe . S a mi i 'ttta was pursued by Crassus as fitf as Aitwiia», where the next morning they surren- ini to SoUa. (Plut SulL Sa) At a much later period we find Ahurio encamping on the site when be adranoed upoa Borne in A. D. 409. This is the hflt notaee of the name, and the site has probably ' taiMiiiBtil ever since in its present state of desolation. Koc avestige of the city now remains, but its site is K| It efesrly marked by nature as to leave no doubt of theeometaeBS of its identificatian. It occupied the bvd amaiit of a hiU of moderate extent, suRonnded «■ all aides by steep declivities, which rises on the kft of the ^a Sahiria, immediately above the flat mdcws which extend on each side of the Anio and tbe Tiber at their confluence. (Geirs Topoffr. of iKosK, p. 65 ; Nibby, Dmtorm <f»i2oma, vol i. p. 1 63 ; Denaia'B Einria, roL i. pi 64.) [E. H. B.] AXTHE'DON CAv^iiMy : £*J^ 'Ai^^tos, An- i), a feoaro of Boeotia, and one of the cities ^kjv^MjUu kc^ M^Ac ANTHEKUSIA. 139 of {ha League, was situated on the Euripos or Uie Eubooan sea at the foot of Mt Messa^Hos, and was distant, according to Dicaearchus, 70 stadia from Chalds and 160 from Thebes. Anthedon is men- tioned by Honaer (JL ii. 508) as the furthermost town of Boeotia. The inhabitants derived their origin from the sea-god Glaucns, who is said to have beoi originally a native of the place. They appear to have been a difierent race from the other people of Boeotia, and are described by one writer (Lyoophr. 754) as Thracians. Dicaearchus informs us tbat they were chiefly mariners, shipwrights and fisher- men, who derived their subsistence from trading in fish, purple, and sponges. He adds that the agora was surrounded wUh a double stoa, and planted with trees. We learn frtxn Pansanias that there was a sacred grove of the Cabeiri in the middle of the town, surrounding a temple of those deities, and near it a temple of Demeter. Outside the walls was a temple of IManysns, and a spot called ^* the leap of Glaucus." The wine of Anthedon was celebrated in antiquity. The ruins of the town are situated 1^ mile from Lukiti, (Dicaearch. Bios 'EAAdSor, p. 145, ed. Fuhr; Strab. pp. 400, 404, 445; Paus. ix. 22. § 5, ix. 26. § 2; Athen. pp. 31, 296, 316, 679; Stepb. B. 9. V, ; Ov. Met. vii. 232, xiiL 905 ; Leake, Nortftem Greece, vol. ii. p. 272.>i<'- ii -■ /„•'/;• ' t - L'S^ ANTHE'DON QAv^nUvi £th.*Ay0ri^oviT^5L'i/> a dty on the coast of Palestine, 20 stadia dis-*' taut firom Gaza (Sozomen. HieL Eccles. v. 9), to the south-west. Taken and destroyed by Alex- ander Jannaeus. (Joseph. Ant. xiii. 13. § 3; oomp. 15. § 4.) Bestored by Gabinius (xiv. 5. § 3). Added to the dominions of Herod the Great by Augustas (xv. 7. § 3). Its name was changed to Agrippias by Herod. (Joseph. Ant. xiil 13. § 3.) In the time of Julian it was much addicted to Gen- tile superstition and idolatry (Sozomen. I. c), par- ticularly to the worship of Astart«$ or Venus, as appears frx»n a coin of Antonmns and Caracalla, given by Vaillant {Ntmism. Colon, p. 115). [G.W.l ANTHELA CkvB^ia : Eth. 'Av0t6s). 1. A town in Messenia, mentioned by Homer (//. ix. 151), who gives it the epithet 0a0vtlfMyj supposed by later writers to be the same as Thoria, though some identified it with Asine. (Strab. viii. p. 360 ; Pans, iv. 31. § 1 ; Leake, J/orea, vol. i. p. 453.) 2. A town in Troezene, founded by Anthes. (Pans. ii. 30. § 8 ; Steph. B. & v.) 3. [Patrae.] 4. A town on the Hellespont, founded by the Milftwians and Phocaeans. (Steph. B. s. v. ; Eustath. ad Horn. p. 743, 22.) ANTHEXA. [Thkrmoptiak.] A'NTHEMUS {^AyStfiovs, -owros: Eih,'h»e^ ftovffios}, a town of Macedonia of some importance, belonging to the earfy Macedonian monarchy. It appears to have stood SE. of Thessalonica and N. of Chalddice, aance we learn from Thucydides that its territory bordered upon Bisaltia, Crestonia and Myg- donia. It was given by Philip to the Olynthians. Like some of the sther chief dties in Macedonia, it gave its name to « town in Asia. (Steph. B. s. v.) It continued to be mentioned by writers under the Boman empire. (Herod, v. 94; Thuc. ii. 99, 100; DeoL PhiL iL pi 70, ed. Beisk.; Died. xv. 8; Plin. iv. 10. 8. 17. § 36; Liban. i>edam. xiii.; Ari8tid.iL 224; Leake, Northern Greece, vol. ill. p. 450.) ANTHEMU'SLA. [Mygdonia.] ANTHEMU'SLA. (^hvB^iuwrU, 'Ayd«/ioSr: Eth. ^Ap0eiw6ctos)j a town of Mesopotamia. Strabo (p. <V't C&L^t € ^ -r' *i,; /- i.