Page:Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography Volume II.djvu/985

 SEPTEM AQUAE. of the Virgin JIary, assigned by a late tniJition to this locality. It became the see of a suffragan bishop, un(ier the metropolitan of Scythopolis (Le Quien, Otnem Christianus, vol. iii. pp. 713, 714), and tiiere are coins still extant of the reigns of Domitian, Trajan, &c. (Reland, Palaestina, pp. 199 — 1003; Eckhel, Doct. Vet. Num. vol. iii. pp 425, 426.) [G. W.] SEPTEM AQUAE. [Reate.] SEPTEM ARAE, a place in Lusitania (Tiin. Ant. pp. 419, 420). Variously identified with Code- sera and Arronches. [T. H. D.] SEPTEM FRATRES ('E7rTa5«(^oi bpos, Ptol. iv. 1 § 5). a group of mountains in the northernmost part of Mauritania Tingitana, connected by a tongue of land with the promontory of Abyla (now Ximiei-a near Ceuta), and thus on the narrowest part of the Fretum Gaditanum (Plin. v. 1. s. 1 ; Solin. c. 28; Strab. xvii. p. 827.) One of these mountains, now called the Ape Mountains (Graberg Von Hemsci, Empire of Morocco, Germ. Tr. p. 24), bore, ac- cording to Strabo {I.e.') the name of the Elephant ('EA.6(|)as), probably from the number of elephants which were to be found there. (Plin. Z. c. ; Mart. Cap. vi. p. 216.) The Geogr. Ptav. (iii. 11) also mentions in this neighbourhood a town called Septem Fratres, which is perhaps the same place mentioned in the Itin. Ant, (p. 9) as a station between Tingis and Abyle. Procopius also {B. Vand. i. 1 ; conip. ii. 5, and de Aed. vi. 7) mentions here a castle or fortress called SeTrroi'; and Isidore {Orig. xv. 1) a c;iiitle and town called Septa, perhaps the modern Ceuta. (Comp. Mela, i. 5. § 5, et ibi Tzschucke ) [T. H. D.] SEPTEM MARIA ('Ettto TreAa7Tj), was the name counnonly given to the extensive lagunes at the mouth of the Padus, and the adjoining rivers, and which extend along a considerable part of the shores of the Adriatic from the mouths of the Padus to Altinum. Pliny indeed seems to use the term in a more restricted sense, as he speaks of " Atri- anorum paludes, quae Septem Maria appellantur" (iii. 16. s. 20); but the Itinerary distinctly applies the name to the whole extent of the lagunes from Ravenna to Altinum {Itin. Ant. p. 126); and Hero- dian, who notices them particularly (viii. 7), clearly uses the term in the same sense. [E. H. B.] SEPTEM PAG I ('ETTTa UayoL), was the name given to a district close to Rome, but on the right bank of the Tiber, which according to tradition had originally formed part of the territory of the Veientes, but was ceded by them to the Romans as early as the reign ot Romulus. (Dionys. ii. 55; Plut. Rom. 25.) According to the authorities followed by Dionysius it was again surrendered to the Etruscans by the treaty concluded with Porsena, but was shortly after restored by that monarch to the Romans. (Dionys. V. 31, 36.) Livy mentions the same circumstances, but without giving the name of the district, (Liv. ii. 13, 15.) It is evident, however, that this was a well-kndwn appellation, but we are unable to fix its boundaries more definitely. [E. H. B.] SEPTE'MPEDA (SsTrrfjurreSa, Strab., Ptol: Eth. Septeinpedanus: San Severino), a town of Picenuin, in the upper valley of the Potentia, 9 miles above Treia. It is mentioned by all the geographers, and the " auer Septempedanus " is noticed in the Liber Coloniarum. (Plin. iii. 13. s. 18; Strab. v. p. 241; Ptol. iii. 1. § 52; Lib. Col. p. 258.) Pliny assigns it the rank of a municipal town, and this is confirmed by inscriptions, one of which is of the age of Aurclian. SEQUANA. 9C5 (Orell. Inscr. 1026 ; Gruter, Inscr. p. 308. 3.) It is placed by the Itinerary of Antoninus on that branch of the FlaminianWay which, quitting the main high road at Nuceria, crossed the Apennines to Prolaqneutn and thence descended the valley of the Potentia by Septempeda and Treia to Auximum and Ancona. {Itin. Ant. p. 312.) It early became an episcopal see, and derives its modern nan;e of San Severino from one of its bishops who flourished in the middle ages. It still retains its rank as an episcopal city, and is the capital of the surrounding city, though it has not more than 3000 inhabitants. (Ranipoldi, Dizion. Corogr. vol. iii. p. 837.) [E. H. B.] SEPTIMANCA, a town of the Vaccaei in His- pania Tarraconensis {Itin. Ant. p. 435). Now Si- muncas. [T. H. D.] SEPULCHRUM EURIPIDIS (Amm. Marc, x.xvii. 4. § 8; comp. Gell. xv. 20; Piut. Lycurg. 36; Vitruv. viii. 3; Plin. xxxi. 19; Itin. Ilierosol.), the remarkable monument erected to Euripides in Macedonia, at the narrow gorge of Aulon or Are- thusa {Besikia or Rumili Boghazi), where the mountains close upon the road. The ancients (Vitruvius, I. c. ; Plin. /. c.) placed it at the con- fluence of two streams, of which the water of one was poisonous, the other so sweet and heahh-giving that travellers were wont to halt and take their meals by its currents. In the Jerusalem Itinerary, a document as late as the 13th century, it occurs as a station between Pennana and ApoUonia. (Comp. Clarke's Travels, vol. viii. pp. 9 — 13.) [E. B. J.] SE'QUANA {l.riKovdvas, 27)K:ooca9, Ptol. ii. 8. § 2), the Seine, one of the large rivers of Gallia. The Seine rises in the highlands south of Langres, but in the department of Cote dOr, and flows in a northwest direction past Chatillon-sur-Seine, Troyes, Melun, Paris, Mantes, Elboeuf, Rouen, and Le Havre. It enters the Atlantic below Le Havre. The course of the Seine is about 470 miles, and the area of its basin is about 26,000 English square miles, which is only one half of the area of the l)asin of the Loire. The chief branches of the Seine which join it on the right bank are the Aiibe, the Marne, and the Oise; on the left bank, the Yonne, the Loing, and the Eure, Kone of the hills which bound the basin of the5eme, or are contained within it, have a great elevation, and a large part of the country included within this basin is level. Caesar {B. G. i. 1) makes the Sequana and the Matrona {Marne) the boundary between the Celiac and the Belgae. Strabo (iv. p. 192) says that the Sequana rises in the Alps, a statement which we must not altogether impute to an erroneous notion of the position of the river's source, though his knowledge of Gallia was in many respects inaccurate, but to the fact that he extended the name of Alps far beyond the proper limits of those mountains. But his inaccuracy is proved by his saying that the Sequana flows parallel to the Rhine, and through the country of the Sequani. He is more correct in fixing its outlet in the country of the Caleti and the Lexovii. The Seine was navigated in the time of Strabo and much earlier. [Gali,i. 'iic.VN.SAiA'iNA, Vol. I.] The Jlatr:ina, as Ausonius names it {Mosella, V. 462),— " Matrona non Gallos Belgasque intersita fines," — joins the Seine a few miles above Paris; it is the largest of the affluents of the Seine. Ammianus Marcellinus (xv. 11) says that tUa 3q 3