Page:Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography Volume II.djvu/984

 964 SENTICE. a few miles N. of Ancona, to the Utis {Montone). (Liv. V. 35.) The history of their migration from Tnin>alpine Gaul, their settlement in Itah-, and their wars with the Romans, which ended in the extermination of the whole nation, are fully related under the article Gallia Cisalpina (pp. 936 — 938). After the con(iuest of the Senone.s, and their expulhion from their lands on the Adriatic, two ciilonies were founded in their territory, the one at 8ena, the other at Ariniinum: and at a later period the remainder of their lands was portioned out among the Roman citizens by an atrrarian law of the tribune C. Fhiminius. This district, which still retained the name of the " Gallicus ager," was after- wards considered as a part of Umbria, and included for all administrative purposes under that appella- tion. Its topography will therefore be most con- venientlv given in the article Umbria. [E. H. B.] SE'N ITCE (%(VTiKri, Ptol. ii. 6. § 50), a town of the Vaccaei in Hispania Tarraconensis, variously identified with Los Santos, Zamora, Calsadilla de 3Iandiqes. and Zarzosa. [T. H. D.] SE'N TIDES (ScVtiSss, Ptol. iv. .5. § 21), a people in the S. of Marmarica. [T. H. D.] SE'NTII (Sfj'Tioi), a people of Gallia Nar- bonensis (Ptol. ii. 10. § 19), whose town Ptolemy names Dinia, which is JJigne. [Dinia.] [G. L.] SENTI'NUM {-ZiVT'ivov : Eth. ■S.evTwariis; Sen- tinas -atis . Sentino), a city of Umbria, on the E. slope of the Apennines, but near the central ridge of those mountains, and not far from the sources of the Aesis {Esino). It is celebrated in history as the scene of a great battle fought in the Third Samnite. War, B. t;. 295, when the allied forces of the Samnites and Gauls were defeated by the Roman consul Q. Fabius. Gellius Egnatius, the Samnite general, was slain in the battle ; while the Roman consul P. Decius followed the example of his father, and devoted him- self for the safety of the Roman army. (Liv. x. 27 — 30; Pol. ii. 19.) The scene of this decisive vic- tory, one of the most memorable in the Roman annals, is placed by Livy " in Sentinati agro ;" but we have no more precise clue to its position, nor do the details of the battle give us any assistance. Sentinum itself seems to have been a strong town, as in thePerusian War it was besieged by Octavian himself without success; though it was afterwards taken by surprise by his lieutenant, Salvidienus Rufus, by whom it was plundered and burnt to the ground. (Dion Cass, xiviii. 13.) It was subsequently revived, by receiving a body of colonists, under the Triumvirate {Lib. Col. p. 258), but did not obtain the title of a Colonia, and continued under the Roman Empire to be a town of nmnicipal rank. (Plin. iii. 14. s. 19; Strab. v. p. 227; Ptol. iii. 1. § 53; Orell. hiscr. 3861, 4949.) Its site is marked by the village still called Stniino, on the river of the same name (a small stream falling into the Esino), a few miles below the modern town of Sasso Ferrate. [E. H. B ] SENUS (^eVos or Sori/os, Ptol. vii. 3. § 2), a river in the land of the Sinae(CAiMa) which ran into the Sinus Blagnus between the South-lu>rn Cape {Vi6riov Kipas), S. of Ambastus, and Rabaiia. Probably the modern Saif/07i or Suung. (Comp. Forbiger, Geogr ii. p. 478.) [T. H. D.] SENUS (2)>os, Ptoh ii. 2. § 4), a river on the W. coast of Hibernia, in the territory of the Auteri. Camden identifies it with the Shannon. [T. H. D.] SEPELACI, a town of the Edetani in Hispania Tarraconensis {Itin.Ant. p. 400), identified with Bur- -riana, Onda, or Castellon de la Plana. [T. H. D.j SEPPHORIS. SE'PIA. [Pheneos, p. 595, a.] SE'PIAS (2i)7ria5), a promontory of Magnesia, opposite the island of Sciathos, and forming the SE. extremity of Thessaly. It is now called C. St. George. It is celebrated in mythology as the spot where Peleus laid in wait for Thetis, and from whence he can-ied off the goddess (Eurip. Androm. 1266). and in history as the scene of the great shipv.'reck of the fleet of Xerxes. (Herod, vii. 113, 188: Strab. ix. p. 443; Apoll. Rhod. i. 580; Ptol. iii. 13. § 16; Plin. iv 9. s. 16; Mela, ii. 3; Leake, Northern Greece, vol. iv. p. 382.) SEPONTIA PARAMICA {t^-KovTia Uapd,uiKa, Ptol. ii. 6. § 50), a town of the Vaccaei in Hi.s- pania Tarraconensis lying to the W. of Lacobiiga (or the modern Lohera). [T. H. D.] SEPPHORIS {'ZtTr<pipis, al. 2e<|)<J)opis: Eth. 2e7r<^a)piTr)s), a town of Upper Galilee, not men- tioned under this name in Scripture, but frequently by Josephus. It was garrisoned by Antigonus, in his war with Herod the Great, until the latter took it, early in his Galileean campaign {Ant. xiv. 15. § 4.) It seems to have been a place of arms, and to have been occasionally the royal residence, for in the troubles which arose in the courtry during the presidency of Varus, the robber-chief Judas, son of Ezekias, seized the palace of Sepphoris, and carried off the arms and treasure which it contained (xvii. 12. § 5). It was subsequently taken and burned by Varus (§ 9). Herod the tetrarch (An- tipas) afterwards rebuilt and fortified it, and made it the glory of all Galilee, and gave it independence (xviii. 2. § 1); although, according to the statement of Justus the son of Pistus, he still maintained the superiority of his newly founded city Tiberias; and it was not until Nero had assigned Tiberias to Agrippa the Younger that Sepphoris established its supremacy, and became the royal residence and depository of the archives. It is termed the strongest city of Galilee, and was early taken by Gallus, the general of Cestius. {B. J. ii. 18. § 11.) It main- tained its allegiance to the Romans after the general revolt of Gahlee {lb. iii. 2. § 4, 4. § 1), but did not break with the Jewish leaders. ( Vita, 8, 9.) Its early importance as a Jevcish town, attested by the fact that it was one of the five cities in which district sanhedrim.s were instituted by Gabinius {B. J. i. 8. § 5), was further confirmed by the destruction of Jerusalem, after which catastrophe it became for some years the seat of the Great Sanhe- drim, until it was transferred to Tiberias. (Robinson, BibJ. Res. vol. iii. p. 202.) It was subsequently called Diocaesareia, which is its more common appellation in the ecclesiastical annals; while Epi- phanius and S. Jerome recognise both names. A revolt of the Jewish inhabitants, in the reign of Constantius (a. d. 339), led to the destruction of the city by Constantius Gallus Caesar. (Socrates, n. E. ii. 33; Sozomen, H. E. iv. 7.) This town, once the most considerable city of Galilee, was situated according to S. Jerome 10 miles west of Mount Tabor. {Onomast. s. v. QaSiip; Procopius Gazaeus, Comment, in Lib. Judicmn.') It was much celebrated in the history of the Crusaders, for its fountain — a favourite camping place of the Christians. It is still represented by a poor village bearing the name Sephurieh, distant about 5 miles to the north of Nazareth, retaining no vestiges of its former greatness, but conspicuous with a ruined tower and church, both of the middle ages; the latter professing to mark the site of the birthplace