Page:Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography Volume II.djvu/898

 878 SALAMIS. statue of Solon, which was erected in tlie agora, with one hand covered by liis mantle. (Dein. de Fals. Leg. p. 420; Aeschin. in Tim. p. 52.) There are still some remains of the city close to the vil- lage of Amheldkia. A portion of the walls may still be traced; and many ancient fragments are found in the walls and churches both of Ambeldlcia and of the neighbouring village of Kuluri, from the latter of wiiich the modern name of the island is derived. The narrow rocky promontory now called Cape of St. Barbara, which forms the SE. entrance to the bay of Ambeldlcia, was the Sileniae {'S.iX-qviai) of Aeschylus, afterwards call'd Tko- rAE. (TpoTrai'a), on account of the trophy erected there in memory of the victory. (Asch. Vers. 300, with Scliol.) At the extremity of this proaiontoiy lay the small island of Psyttaleia (yurrdKiia), now called Lipsokutdli, about a mile long, and from 200 to 300 yards wide. It was here that a picked body of Persian troops was cut to pieces by Ari- bteides during the batlle of Salamis. (Herod, viii. 95; Aesch. Pers. 447, seq.; I'lut. Arist. 9; Paus. i. 36. § 2, iv. 36. § 3; Strab. ix. p. 393; Plin. iv. 12. s. 20; Steph. B. s. v.) In Salamis there was a promontory Sciradium (%Kipaiiov'), containing a temple of the god of war, erected by Solon, because he there defeated the Me- garians. (Plut. Sul. 9.) Leake identities this site with the temple of Athena Sciras, to which Adei- SALAMIS. mantus, the Corinthian, is said to have fled at the connnencement of the battle of Salamis (Herod, viii. 94); and, as the Corinthians could not have i-etreated through the eastern ojiening of the strait, which was the centre of the scene of action, Leake supposes Sciradium to have been the south-west promontory of Salamis, upon which now stands a nionasteiy of the Virgin. This monastery now oc- cupies the site of a Hellenic building, of which re- mains are still to be seen. BiiDORUM (Bov'Sopov or BovZdipov) was the name of the western promontory of Salamis, and distant only three miles from Nisaea, the port of Jlegara. On this peninsula there was a fortress of the same name. In the attempt which the Peloponnesians made in B. c. 429 to surprise Peiraeeus, they first sailed from Nisaea to the promontory of Budorum, and surprised the fortress; but after overrunning the island, they retreated without venturing to attack Peiraeeus. (Time. ii. 93, 94, iii. 51 ; Diod. xii. 49; Strab. xi. p. 446; Steph. B. s. v. BoiJSojpoj'.) Salamis is chiefly memorable on account of the great battle fought off its coast, in which the Persian fleet of Xerxes was defeated by the Greeks, 15. c. 480. The details of this battle are given in every history of Greece, and need not he repeated here. The battle took place in the strait between the eastern part of the island and the coast of Attica, and the position of the contending forces is JIAP OF SALAJtre. A. A. A. 11. B. B. C. C. C. D. E. ]••. G. H. I. 1. 2. Persian fleet. Orpcian floet. 'I'he Persiiin army. Throne ot Xerxes. New .Salamis. Okl .Salamis. The island Psyttaleia. Peiraeeus. Plialerum. Athenian ships. Lacedaemonian and other Pcloponne- sipin ships., Aosinpt.in and Euboean ships. Phoenician ships. . Cyprian ships. Cilician and Pamphyliau ships. . Ionian ships. Persian ships. F-syiitian ships. . Prom Sileniae or Tropaea. {Cape of St. Bar bar a. ^ Prom. Sciradium. Prom. Budorus.