Page:Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography Volume II.djvu/892

 872 SACliU.M PKOJI. but it is impossible to fix the site with more pre- cision. [E. H. B.] SACRUM PR. 1. (rh Uphv aicpuTTiptov, Strab. ill. p. 137), tlio SW. extremity of Lusitania ; ac- cording to Strabo (/. c), the most W. point, not only of Europe but of the known world; the present Ccqje S(. Vincent. Strabo adds that the surrounding district was called iu Latin " Cuneus." Strabo also says that the geographer Artemidorus, who had been there, compareil the promontoiy with the bow of a ship, and said that there were three small islands there ; which, however, are not mentioned by any other writer, nor do they now exist. (Cf. Mela, ii. 1 ; Plin. iv. 22. s. 35, &c.) 2. (t^ Uphv &Kpov, Ptol. ii. 2. § 6) the SE. point of Hibernia, now Carnsore Point. [T. H. D.J SACKUxM PROJI. (jh Uphv &Kpov, Ptol. iii. 5. § 8), the western point of the Achilleos Dko- Mos. [E. B. J.] SACRUJI PRO.M., a promontory of Lycia upon the borders of Pamphylia, opposite the Chelidoniae Insulae, whence the promontory is called by Livy Chelidonium Prom. [For details, see Vol. I. p. 606, b.] SADACORA (2a5a/copa), a town of Cappadocia, situated on the great road from Coropassus and Garsabora to Mazaca. (Strab. xiv. p. 663.) [L.S.] SADAME (/<i». Ant. p. 230; in Geog. Rav. 4, 6, written Sadanua), a town in the NE. part of Thrace, on the road from Hadrianopolis to Develtus, its dis- tance from the latter, according to the Itinerary, being 18,000 paces. This would give as its site the pre- sent town of Kanareli, situated near the source of a small river which runs through a narrow valley and falls into the Black Sea at Cape Zaitan. But according to Reichard it was in the neighbourhood of Omar-Fakhi, which is perhaps the Sarhazan of Voudoucourt. [J. R.] SADOS (2ci5os), a small river of the Aurea Chersonesus, which fell into the Bay of Bengal (Ptol. vii. 2. § 3). It has been supposed by For- biger to be the same as the present Sandoicuy. Ptolemy mentions also in the same locality a town called Sada, which was, in all probability, on or near the river. [V.] SAELI'NI. [AsTURES, Vol. I. p. 249.] SAEPI'XUil or SEPI'iNUM(the name is variously written both in JISS. and even inscriptions, but Saepinum is jjrobably the most correct form: 2a(- TTivov, Ptol.: Eth. Saepinas: Allilia near Sepino), a city of Samnium, in the country of the Pentri, on the E. slope of the great group of the Monte Ma- tese, and near the sources of the Tamaro (Tamarus). It seems to have been in early times one of the chief towns of the Samnites, or rather one of the few which they possessed worthy of the name. From its po- .sition in the heart of their country it was not till the Third Samnite War that it was attacked by the Roman arms; but in B.C. 293 it was besieged by the consul L. Papirius Cursor, and though vigorously defended by a garrison amounting almost to an army, was at lengtli carried by assault. (Liv. x. 44, 45.) From this time the name of Saepinum disappears from history, but it is found again at a later period among the municipal towns of Samnium under the Roman Empire. Its name is not indeed mentioned by Strabo, among the few surviving cities of Sam- nium in his day : but it received a colony under Nero {Lib. Colon, p. 237), and appears for a time to have recovered some degree of importance. Its name is found both in Ptolemy aud Pliny among SAETTAE. the municipal towns of Samnium; and it is certain from inscriptions that it did not bear the title of a Colonia. (Plin. iii. 12. s. 17; Ptol. iii. 1. §67; Orell. Inscr. 140; jMommsen, Inscr. R. N. 4918, 4929, 4934, &c.) Its name is mentioned also in the Tabula, which places it 30 M. P. from Bene- ventum, the intermediate station being a place called Sirpium, the site of which is unknown. {Tab. Pent.) Saepinum became an episcopal see before the fall of the Roman Empire ; it had, however, fallen into great decay in the time of the Lombards, but was repeopled by Romoaldus, duke of Beneventum (P. Diac. v. 30), and survived till the 9th century, when it was taken and plundered by the Saracens; after which it seems to have been abandoned by the inhabitants, who withdrew to the site occupied by the modern town of Sepino, about 2 miles from the site of the ancient one. The ruins of the latter, which are now called AltiUa, are evidently of Roman date, and, from their regularity and style of construction, ren- der it probable that the town was entirely rebuilt at the time of the establishment of the Roman colony, very probably not on the same site with the ancient Samnite city. The existing walls, which remain in almost complete preservation throughout their whole circuit, and which, as we learn from an inscription over one of the gates, were certainly erected by Nero (Jlommsen, /. R. N. 4922), enclose a perfect square, with the angles slightly rounded off, and four gates, placed at the four cardinal points, flanked by massive square towers. The masonry is of reticulated work, the arches only of the gates being of massive stone. Within the enclosure are the remains of a theatre, besides the substructions and vestiges of several other buildings, and numerous fragments of an archi- tectural character, as well as inscriptions. Of these last the mo.-'t interesting is one which is still extant at the gate leading to Bovianum, and has reference to the flocks which then, as now, passed annually backwards and forwards from the thirsty plains of Apulia to the upland pastures of Samnium, espe- cially of the Matese ; and which appear to have even then followed the same line of route : the tratturo or sheep-track still in use passing directly through the ruins of Altilia. (Craven's Abntzzi, vol. ii. pp. 130 — 135; RomanelU, vol. ii. pp.444 — 448;Mommn sen, /. R. N. 4916.) [E. H. B.] SAEPONE, an inland town of Hispania Baetica, near Cortes in the Sierra de Ronda. (Plin. iii. 1. s. 3.) [T. H. D.] SAETABICULA CZanaSkovXa, Ptol. ii. 6. s. 62), a town of the Contestani in Hispania Tarra- conensis, probably the present Alzira in Valentia, (Laborde. Itin. i. p. 266.) [T. H. D.] SAETABIS, SETABIS, or SAETABI (SaiVagu, '■ Strab. iii. p. 160), a tovsm of the Contestani in Hispania Tarraconensis. It was a Roman murii- cipium in the jurisdiction of Carthago (Murat. Inscr. ii. p. 1183. 6), and had the surname of Augustanorum. (Plin. iii. 3. s. 4.) It lay upon an eminence (Sil. Ital. iii. 372) to the S. of the Sucro, and was famed for its flax and linen manu- facture. (Plin. xix. 2. s. 1; Catull. xii. 14, &c.) Now Jativa. (Cf. Laborde, Itin. i. p. 266 ; ]Iarca, //is/;, ii. 6. p. 118.) [T. H. D.] L SAE'TABIS (2aiTagi's, Ptol. ii. 6. § 14), a river I S. of the Sucro in the teiritory of the Contestani, on the E. coast of Hispania Tarraconensis. ]Iost pro- bably the A hoy. (Ukert, ii. pt. i. p. 294.) [T.H.D.] SAETIANI. [ScYTHDV.] SAETTAE. [Setae.]