Page:Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography Volume II.djvu/715

 EEPHIDIM. It evidently derived its name from the Eephaim, a family of the Amalekites (Gen. xiv. 5) settled in Asliteroth Karnaim, supposed by Relaiid to be of the race of the Gephyraei, vfho came with Cadmus from Phoenicia to Greece. (Herod, v. 57 ; Keland, Palaest. p. 141, comp. pp. 79,355.) The Philistines who are said to have encamped there may have bequeathed their name to the valley. [G. W.] KEPHIDLM ('Pa<J)i56iV), the eleventh encamp- ment of the Israelites after leaving E<:ypt, the next before Sinai, '• wjiere was no water for the people to drink." {Numb, xxxiii. 14.) Moses was accord- ingly instructed to smite the rock in Horeb, which yielded a supjily for the needs of the people, from whose nmrniurings the place was named JMassah and Meribali. Here also it was that the Israelites first encountered the Amalekites, whom they dis- comfited ; and here Moses received his father-in-law Jetliro. (Exod. xvii.) Its position. Dr. Eobinson surmises, must have been at some point in Wady-esh- Sheikh, not far from the skii'ts of Horeb (which he takes to be the name of the mountain district), and about a day's march from the particular mountain of Sinai. Such a spot exists where Wady-esh- Sheikh issues from the high central granite cliffs ; which locality is more fully described by Burck- hardt, and Dr. Wilson, who agrees in the identifi- cation, and names the range of rocky mountains Watebjah. He says that "water from the rock in Horeb could easily flow to this place." (liobinson. Bib. Res. vol. i. pp. 178, 179 ; Burckhardt, Travels in Syria, cfc. p. 488 ; Wilson, Lands of the Bible, vol. i. p. 254.) Dr. Lepsius controverts this posi- tion and proposes El-Ilessue, only a mile distant from the convent-mountain of Pharthi, as the Iicphidim (= " the resting-place ") of the Exodus. This is at the foot of Gebel Serbal, which he regards as the mountain of the law, and finds the stream opened by Moses " in the clear-running and wcll- flavoured spring of Wddi Firdn, which iirigates the fertile soil of El-Hessue, and causes it to exhibit all the riches of the gardens of Fardn for the space of half a mile." (Lepsius, A Tour from Thebes to the Peninsula of Sinai, pp. 74 — 82.) [G. W.] KERIGO'NIUM (^Vipiyoviov, Ptol. ii. 3. § 7), a town of the Novantae in the province of Valentia in the SW. part of Britannia Barbara, which seems to have been seated at the S. extremity of the Sinus Kerigonius (^Loch Ryan) near Stanraer. Camden identifies it with Bargeny (p. 1203). [T. H. D.] KEKIGONIUS SINUS ('PfpiToVios icoATros.PtoJ. ii. 3. § 1), a bay in the country of the Novantae, so named from the town of Kerigonium (^q. v.). Now Loch Ryan, formed by the Ahdl of Galloioay. (Horsley, p. 375.) [T. H. D.] KKSAINA. [KiiESAENA.] KESAPHA al. REZEPH ('P7)(ro(fa), a city of Syria, reckoned by Ptolemy to the district of Pal- myrene (v. 15. § 24), the Eisapa of the Peutinger Tables, 21 miles from Sure; probably identical with the Rossafat of Abulfeda {Tab. Syr. p. 119), which he places near Rakka, not quite a day's jourrjcy from the Euphrates. It is supposed to be identical with the l!e/,eph of Scripture {'Pa<pis, LXX.), taken by Seimaclieril), king of Assyria, as he boasts in his insulting letter to Hezekiah. (2 Kinys, six. 12.) It has been identified with Sergiopolis, apparently without sufficient reason. (Mannert, Geoyraphie von Syrien, p. 413.) [G. W.] KEUDIGNI, a German tribe on the right bank of the river Albis, and north of the Longobardi, EHACATAE. 695 which may have derived its name from its inhabiting a marshy district, or from reed or 7-ied. (Tac. Germ. 40.) Various conjectures have been hazarded about their exact abodes and their name, which some have wished to change into Eeudingi or Deuringi, so as to identify them with the later Thuringi; but all is uncertain. [L. S.] EEVESSIO {'VvecTwv), in Gallia, is the city of the Vellavi, or Velauni, as the name is written in Ptolemy (ii. 7. § 20). Eevessio is the name of the place in the Table. In the Not. Provinc. it is written Civitas Vellavorum. !Mabillon has shown that the place called Civitas Vetula in the middle ages is 5. Paulien or Paulhan, and the Civitas Vetula is supposed to be the ancient capital of the Vellavi. S. Paulien is in the department of Haute Loire, north of Le Puy: [G. L.] EHA ('pa TroTo/xo?, Ptohv.9. §§12, 17, 19,21, vi. 14. §§ 1, 4; Amm. Marc. xxii. 8. § 28 ; 'Pwy, Agathem. ii. 10: Volya) a river of Asiatic Sar- matia, which according to Ptolemy {I. c), the earliest geographer who had any accurate know- ledge of this longest of European streams, had its twin sources in the E. and W. extremities of the Hyperborean mountains, and discharged itself into the Hyrcanian sea. The affluents which Ptolemy (vi. 14. §4) describes as fiilling into it from the Ehymmici Monies, and which mu.st not be con- founded with the river Eliymmus [IIhyjimus], are the great accession made to the waters of the Volga by the Kama in the government of Kasaii. Ammianus Marcellinus {I.e.) says that its banks were covered with the plant which bore the same name as the river — the " rha " or " rheon " of Dioscorides {pa, fiyov, iii. 11) and "rhacoma" of Pliny (xxvii. 105), or officinal rhubarb. (Comp. Pereira, Mat. Med. vol. ii. pt. 1. p. 1343.) The old reading Eha in the text of Pomponius Mela (iii. 5. § 4) has been shown by Tzschucke {ad loc.) to be a mistake of the earlier editors, for which lie substitutes Casius, a river of Albania. The Oauu.s ("Oapos, Herod, iv. 123, 124), where, according to the story of the Scythian expedition, the erection of eight fortresses was supposed to mark the extreme point of the march of Dareius, has been identified by Klaproth, and Schafarik {Slav. Alt. vol. i. p. 499) — who mentions that in the language of some tribes the Volga is .'^tiU called " Ehau" — with that river. [E. B. J.] EHAABE'NI {'Paa€7]voi), a people of Arabia Deserta, next to the Agaboni, who were on the con- fines of Arabia Felix. (Ptol. v. 19. § 2.) Above them were the Masani ; the Orclieni lay between them and the NW. extremity ^f the Persian Gulf. Mr. Forster justly remarks that " the descrijition of Ptolemy rather indicates tiie direction, than defines the positions, of these several tribes." {Geog. of Arabia, vol. ii. p. 238.) [G. W.j EHA'BDIUM ('PoeSioj', Procop. B. P. ii. 19, de Aedif. ii. 4), a strongly fortified height, in an inaccessible part of Mesopotamia, two d;iys' journey from Dara in the direction of Persia. The works were placed on the brow of very steep rocks which overlook the surrounding country. .lustinian added additional works to it. It has not been identified with any modern place. [V.] RHACALA'Nl. [Roxoi.ani.] EHACATAE ('PaKarai), a (icrman tribe men- tioned by Ptolemy (ii. 11. § 2G) as occuj)ying, together with the Teracatriae, the country on the south of the Quadi, ou tho frontiers of Pannonia;