Page:Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography Volume II.djvu/672

 656 PONS AENI. Ufens (Virs. Aen. vii. 801 ; Sil. Ital. viii. 380), must have been situated in the district of the Pon- tine ^larslies, and was probably merely the name of some portion of the swamps included under that more general designation. The line of the Appian Way was carried in a perfectly straight line tiirough the Pontine Marshes I'rom the station Sub Lanuvio, at the foot of the Alban Hills, to within a short distance of Tarracina. The stations along its course and the distances are differently given in the Itineraries; but they may all be readily determined with the assistance of inscrip- tions and Roman milestones still existing. At the beginning of the marshes, or rather in the level tract immediately adjoining them, was the station of Tres Tabeknae, distant 1 7 miles from Aricia, at point where a branch road from Antium fell into the Appian Way. The site of this was fixed by the Abbe Chaupy and other writers at a place called Le Castelk, 2 miles on the Pioman side of Cisterna; but there seems no reason to reject the distances given in the Antonine Itinerary, which would place it 5 miles further from Rome, or 3 miles beyond Cisternn, where some ruins still remain, referred by Chaupy to the station Ad Sponsas of the Jerusalem Itinerary, but which would suit equally well for those of Tres Tabernae. [Tres Tabernae.] Sis. miles from this spot, and just 39 miles from Rome (as shown by a milestone still remaining there), is a place still called Torre lU Treponii, marking the site of Thepontiijm, the spot from whence the canal of the Decennovium connnenced, and from which therefore the 19 miles from which it derived its name were measured. Four miles further on considerable remains mark the site of Forum Appii, which in the Augustan age was a busy and thriving town; but in the fourth century had sunk to a mere Mutatio or post station. The Antonine Itinerary gives the distance from Rome to Forum Appii at 43 miles, which is exactly correct; from thence to Tarracina it reckons 18 miles; the Jerusalem Itinerary makes the distance 19 miles, and gives an intermediate station called Ad Medias (Paludes), which was 9 miles from Foram Appii and 10 from Tarracina. The site of this is still marked by a spot called Torre di Mesa, where a striking Roman monument still remains; but the real distance from Forum Appii is only 8 miles, which coincides with the Antonine Itinerary. (^Itin. Ant. p. 107; Itin. Hier. p. 611.) The whole of this part of the road has been carefully examined and described by the Abbe' Chaupy (Deconverte de la Maisnn d Horace, vol. iii. pp. 382 — 452); and the distances discussed and corrected by Westphal, (^Rom. Kampagne, pp. 67 — 70). [E. H. B.] PONS AENI, or, as it is called in the Peuting. Table, Ad Aenum, was a frontier fort in Vindelicia on the river Aenus, and was garrisoned by a detach- ment of cavalry. {It. Ant. pp. 236, 257; Not. Imp.) It is commonly believed that its site is now marked by the village of Pfimzen, which in the middle ages bore the name of Pontana; but Muchar {Noriciim, i. p. 285) identifies it with Enn.fdorf near Kraiburg. [L. S.] J'ONS AERA'RIUS, in Gallia Narbonensis, is placed in the Jerusalem Itin. on the road from Ne- niausus (Nimes) to Arelate (Aries), at the distance of sii. from Nemausus and viii. from Arelate. The Antonine Itin. marks xix. from Nemausus to Are- late in one distance. The road must therefore have been straight between these two places. D'Anville PONS MILVIUS. fixes the Pons at Bellegarde, where there is a bridge over a canal which comes from the Rhone at Ugernum {Beaucaire) and extends o Aigues Mortes. This canal separates the old dioceses of Nivies and Aries, and probably divided the territories of Ne- mausus and Arelate. D'Anville conjectures that the name Aerarius may be owing to the fact that a toll was paid at the bridge, which was a common practice in the Roman period. (Dig. 19. tit. 2. s. 60. § 8: " Eedemptor ejus pontis portorium ab eo exigebat.") [G. L.] PONS ALUTI, a town in Dacia on the road from Eeeta to Apula, near Rohesli, below Strasshirg. {Tab. Peut.) PONS ARGENTEUS. [Argenteus.] PONS AUFIDI. [AuFiDus.] PONS AUGUSTI {Tab. Pent.), a town in Dacia, on the road from Tiviscum to Sarmategte (usually called Zarmizegethusa), identified by Mannert with the Zeugma {Zivytxa, Ptol. iii. 8. § 10) of Ptolemy, and placed near Bonizar at the passage over the river Bistra; by others near Margg. (Ukert, vol. iii. pt. ii. p. 616.) PONS AURE'OLI {Pontirolo), a pface on the highroad from ]Iediolanum to Bergomum, where that road crossed the river Addua {A dan) by a bridge. It is mentioned as a station by the Jeru- salem Itinerary, which places it 20 JI. P. from Medioknum and 13 from Bergomum. {Itin. Hier. p. 558.) It derived its name from the circumstance that it was here that the usurper Aureolus was de- feated in a pitched battle by the emperor Gallienas, and compelled to take refuge within the walls of Milan, a. d. 268. (Vict. Caes. 33. Epit. 33.) After the death of Aureolus, who was put to death by the soldiers of Claudius, he was buried by order of that emperor close to the bridge, which ever after retained the name of Aureolus. (Treb. Poll. Trig. Tyr. 10.) [E. H. B.] PONS CAMPA'NUS, a bridge on the Via Appia, by which that celebrated road crossed the little river Savo.a short distance from its mouth. It was 3 miles distant from Sinuessa (erroneously given as 9 in the Jerusalem' Itinerary), and evidently derived its name from its being the frontier between Cami)ania and Latium, in the more extended sense of the latter name. It is mentioned by Pliny (xiv. 6. s. 8.), as well as the Itineraries {Tab. Pent.; Itin. Hier, jt. 611); artd Horace tells us that ^Maecenas and his companions halted for the night in a villa adjoining it, on their journey from Rome to Brundusium. (Hor. Sat. i. 5. 45.) [E. H. B.] PONS DUBIS, in Gallia, a bridge over the Dubis {Dovbs), is marked in the Table on the road from Cabillonum {Chalon) to Vesontio {Besanqon), and xiv. from Cabillonum. D'Anville supposes that the site may be a place called Pontoux, where it is said that when the water in the Doubs is low, tl«e re- mains of an old bridge are visible at which several roads met. (Ukert, Gallien, p. 501.) [G. L.] PONS JIANSUETl'NA or PONS SOCIO'RUM, a place in Pannonia, on the road leading from Sopi- anae to Juvia; but no further particulars are known. {It. Ant. pp. 264, 267.) [L. S.] PONS MI'LVIUS, or JIU'LVIUS {Ponte Molle), a bridge on the Via Flaminia, by which that road crossed the Tiber just about 2 miles from the gate of Rome called the Porta Flaminia. It is probable that a bridge existed on the spot at an early period, and there must certainly have been one from the time when the Via Flaminia was constructed. The first.