Page:Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography Volume II.djvu/513

 ORTHE. goria was the ancient name of Stageira, to which accordingly the coins are assigned. (Eckhel, vol. ii. p. 73.) ^^ ORTOSPANA. 497 COIN OF ORTHAGORIA. ORTHK ("0/307)), a town of Peirhaebia in Thes- saly. mentioned by Homer (//. ii. 7;)9), was said by Strabo (ix. p. 440) to have become tiie acropolis of Phalaiina. [Phalanna.J It occurs, however, in tiie li>ts of Pliny (iv. 9. s. 16) as a distinct town from I'iialanna. ORTHO'SIA ('Op0a)Ti'a), a town of Syria men- tioned by Strabo and Ptolemy, near the river Eleu- therus, contiguous to Siinyra, between it and Tri- poli. (Strab. xvi. p. 7.5.3;'Ptol. v. 15. § 4.) The fcinner makes it the northern extremity of Phoe- nice, Peiusiuin being the southern (p. 756), a distance, according to Artemidorus, of 3650 stadia (p. 760). It was 11.30 stadia south of the Orontes. (/6.) Ptolemy places both Simyra and Orthosia south of ihe Eleutherus ; but Strabo to the north of it : '' agreeable whereunto," writes Shaw, '• we still find, upon the north banks of this river (^Nahr-el- Berd), the ruins of a considerable city in a district named Ortoia. In Peuiinger's table, also, Or- thosia is placed 30 miles south of Antaradus and 12 miles nonii of Tripoli. The situation of it is like- wise further illustrated hy a medal of Antoninus Pius, stiuck at Ortliosia, upon the reverse of which we have the goddess Astarte treading upon a river; for this city was built upon a rising ground, on the northern banks of tiie river, within half a furlong of the sea: and as the rugged eminences of Mount Libanus lie at a small distance, in a parallel with the shore, Orthosia must have i)een a place of the greatest importance, as it would have hereby the entire command of the road (the only one there is) betwixt Phoenice and the maritime parts of Syria." {Travels, p. 270, 271 ) The diiSeulties and dis- crepancies of ancient authors are well stated by Pococke. (^Observations, vol. ii. pp. 204, 205, notes d. e.) He assumes the Nalir Kibeer for the Eleutiierus, and places Orthosia on the river Accar, between Nahr Kibeer and El-Berd. (Maundrell, Jo)/rwy, JIarch 8. [G. W ] ORTHO'SIA COpOwaia), a town of Caria, not far from Ahibanda, (in the left bank of the Maeander, and apparently on or near a hill of the same name (Strab. xiv. p. 650; Plin. xxxvii. 25). Near this town the Rhodians gained a victory over the Carians (Piilyb. XXX. 5; Liv. xlv. 25; comp. Ptol. v. 2. § 19; Plin. V. 29, xxxvii. 9, 25; Hierocl. 688). The an- cient remains near Karjntsli probably mark the site of .Orthosia (Leake, Asia Minor, p. 234); though others, regarding them as belonging to Alabanda, identify it with Dsheni-sheer. [L. S.] ^OlilHU'KA ("Opeoupo, Ptol. vii. 1. § 91, viii. 27. § 18), a town on the easteni side of the penin- sula of Hindostdn, described by Ptolemy as the Palace of Sornax. It was in the district of the Soretes. and hits been identified, conjtcturally, by Forbiger with the present Utatur ox Utacottr. [V.j ORTO'NA ("OpTwi'). 1. An ancient city of VOL. II. Latium, situated on the confines of the Aequian territory. It is twice mentioned during the w;irs of the Romans with the latter people: first, in b. c. 481, when we are distinctly told that it was a Latin city, which was besieged and taken by the Aequians (Liv. ii. 43; Dionys. viii. 91); and again in b. c. 457, when the Aequians, by a sudden attack, took Corbio, and, after putting to the sword the Roiian garrison there, made themselves masters of Oi'tona also; but the consul Horatius engaged and defeated them on Mount Algidus, and after driving them from that position, recovered possession both of Corbio and Ortona. (Liv. iii. 30; Dionys. x. 26.) From these accounts it seems clear thai Ortona was situated somewhere in the neiihbourhood (jf Corljio and Mount Algidus; but we Lave no more precise clue to its position. No mention of it is found in later times, and it probably ceased to exist. The name is much corrupted in both the passages of Dionysius; in the first of which it is written 'Opouy, but the Vatican MS. has 'Opwua for 'Opruva: in the second it is written Biprwra. It is very pro- bable that the Hortenses, a people mentioned by Pliny (iii. 5. s. 9) among the " populi Albenses," are the inhabitants of Ortona; and it is possible, as suggested by Niebuhr, that the ^oprivnui (a name otherwise wholly unknown), who are found in Diony- sius's list of the thirty cities of the Latin League, niay be also the same people. (Dionys. v. 61: Niebulir, vol. ii. p. 18, note.) The sites which have been assigned to Ortona are wholly conjectuial. 2. (Ortona a Mare), a considerable town of the Frentani, situated on the coast of the Adriatic, about midway between the mouth of the Atenms (Pes- cara) and that of the Sagrus (Sangro). Stiabo tells us that it was the principal port of the Fren- tani (v. p. 242). He erroneously places it S. of the Sagrus; but the passage is evidently corrupt, as is one in which he speaks of Ortona or Histonium (for the reading is uncertain) as a resort of pirates. (Stiab. /. c.,and Kramer ad loc.) Ptolemy correctly places it between the Sagrus and the Ateinus; though he erroneously assigns it to the Peligni. Pliny mentions it among the municipal towns of the Fientani; and there seems no doubt that it was one of the principal places possessed by that people. (Plin. iii. 12. s. 17; Ptol. iii. 1. § 19.) Some in- scriptions have been published in which it bears the title of a colony, but these are of dubious authen- ticity (see Zumpt, de Colon, p. 358. note): it is not mentioned as such in the Liber Coloniarum The Itineraries place it on the road from the mouth of the Aternus to Aui um{Laticiaiio). The name is still retained by the modern town of Ortona ; and antiqui- ties found on the spot leave no doubt that it occujjies the same .site with the ancient one. (Itin. Ani.]).:i; Tab. Pent. ; Romaneili, vol. iii. p. 67.) [K. H. B.] ORTOPLA ("OproirXa, Ptol. ii. 17. §3; Orto- pula, Plin. iii. 25), a town of the Liburni, identi- fied with Carlopayo or Carhhayo, in the district of the Miirlacca, where several Roman remains have been found. (Neigebaur, Die Sud-Slaven, pp. 225, 228.) [E.li.J.] ORTOSPANA (^OprSaTrava, Strab. xi. p. 514, XV. p. 723; Kapovpa 7) koI 'Oproa-Kava, Ptol. vi. 18. § 5; Amm. Marc, xxiii. 6), an ancient city of liac- iriana, which theie is good reason for supjjosiiig^ is identical with the modern town of Ktibiil. The name is written variously in ancient authors Orto- spana or Ortospanum ; the latter is the form adopted by Pliny (vi. 17. s. 21). Three principal roads K. K.