Page:Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography Volume II.djvu/477

 OCELIS. between the Helder and the Cimbrian peninsula; but does not suit the Baltic, in which Timaeus places the island Baltia. (Plin.xxxvii.il.) Aba- lus, a day's journey from an " aestuarium," cannot therefore be the Kiirische Nehrung. Pytheas pro- bably sailed to the W. shores oi Jutland. Tacitus {Germ. 45), not Pliny, is the first writer acquainted with the "glessum"of the Baltic shores, in the ]and of the Aestyans and the Venedi. The more active, direct communication with the Samland coast of the Baltic, and with the Aestyans by nieans of the overland route through Pannonia by Car- nuntum, which was opened by a Roman knight under Nero (Plin. /. c), appears to have belonged to the later times of the Roman Caesars. The re- lation between the Prussian coast, and the Milesian colonies on the Euxine, are shown by the evidence of fine coins, probably struck more than 400 years B. c, which have been found in the Nets district. (Humboldt, Cosmos, vol. ii. note 171, trans.) A curious story is related by Cornelius Nepos (^Fragm. vii. 1, ed. Van Slaveren ; comp. Mela, iii. 5. § 8; Plin. ii. 67) of a king of the Boii, others say of the Suevi, having given some shipwrecked dark -coloured men to Q. Metellus Celer when he was Proconsul of Gaul. These men, who are called Indians, were, if any credence is to be given to the story, most probably natives of Labrador or of Greenland, who had been driven on these coasts by the effect of curreins such as are known now in these seas, and violent NW. winds. [E. B. J.] OCELIS ("OkjjAis efj.TToptov'), a port of Arabia Felix, placed by Ptolemy (i. 7. § 4, i. 15. § 11, vi. 7. § 7, viii. 22. § 7) a little to the north of the straits of the Red Sea {Bah-el- Mandeh). Its geographical position, according to his system, was as follows: Its longest day was 12.| hours. It was r east of Alexandria, between the tropics, 52° 30' removed from the summer tropic. It is placed by the author of the Periplus 300 stadia from Musa, and is identical with tlie modern Ghdla or Cella, which has a buy immediately within the straits, the en- trance to which is two miles wide, and its de[jth little short of three. (Vincent, Periplus, p. 288; Forster, Arabia, vol. ii. p. 148.) Ocelis, according to the Periplus, was not so much a port as an an- chorage and watering-place. It belonged to the Elisari, and was subject to Cholebus. (Hudson, Geog. Min. torn. i. p. 14; Ptol. vi. 7. § 7.) The same author places it 1200 stadia from Arabia Felix (^c/ew); but the distance is two short. (Gos- selin, Recherches, torn. iii. p. 9.) [G. W.] OCELLODU'RUiM, a town of the Vaccaei in Ilispania Tarraconensis, on the road from Emerita to Caesaraugusta {Ant. Itin. pp. 434, 439) ; va- riously identified with Zamora, Toro, and Fer- mosel. [T. H. D.] O'CELUM (^ClKsKov. Uxeau), a town of Cisalpine Gaul, mentioned by Caesar as the last place in that province ("citeriorisprovinciaeextremum,"Caes.jB.(?. i. 10) from whence he had to fight his way through the independent tribes which held the passes of the Alps. In Strabo's time Ocelum was the frontier town of the kingdom of Cottius towards the province of Cisalpine Gaul (Strab. iv. p. 179); and it was from thence that a much frequented road led over the pass of the Mont Genevre by Scingomagus {Sezanne), Briganiium (Briango/i), and Ebrodnnum (Embrun), to the territory of the Vocontii. D'Anville has clearly shown that Ocelum was at Uxeau, a village in the valley of Fenestrelles, and not, as sup • OCRA MOXS. 461 posed by previous writers, at Oulx in the valley of the Dora. (D'Anville, Notice de la Gaule p 500.) [E. H. B.] O'CELUM ("O/cf Aor, Ptol. ii. 5. § 9). 1. A town of the Vettones in Lusitania, whose inhabitants are called by Pliny (iv. 22. s. 35) Ocelenses and Lanci- enses. Identified by some with Caliubria, by others with Fermoselle or Ciudad Rodrigo. (Ukert, vol. ii. pt. 1. p. 431.) 2. A town of the Calla'ici Lucenses in Gallaecia (Ptol. ii. 6. §23). 3. ijOKeKov &.Kpov, Ptol. ii. 3. § 6), a promon- tory on the NE. const of Britannia Romana, and N. of the mouth of the river Abus or Humber; probably Spurn Head. [T. H. D ] OCHE. [EuBOEA.] OCHOSBANES (^Oxocr€avt)s) or Ochtiio- MANES, a small river of Paphlagonia, falling into the bay of Armene, a little to the north of Sinope. (Marcian. Heracl. p. 72 ; Anonym. Peripl. Pont. Eux. p. 7.) This is probably the same river which Scylax (p. 33) calls Ocheraenus. [L. S.] OCHRAS, a place in Cappadocia. (Jt. Ant. p. 202.) Ptolemy (v. 6. § 12) mentions a place Odogra or Odoga, in the district of Chammanene in Ca[ipadocia, between the river Halys and Mount Argaeus, which is possibly the same as the Ocliras of the Antonine Itinerary. [L. S.] OCHUS {b'^axos, Strab. xi. p. 509; Ptol. vi. 11. §§ 2, 4; Amm. Marc, xxiii. 6), a river of Central Asia, which has been attributed to the provinces of Hyrcania and Bactriana by Strabo and Ptolemy respectively, as flowing through them both. It took its rise on the NW. side of the I'aropaiuisus (or Hindu-Kush). and flowed in a NW. direction through part of Bactriana towards the Caspian Sea, and parallel with the Oxus. Pliny makes it a river of Bactriana, and states that it and the Oxus flow from opposite sides of the same mountain (vi. 16. § 18). There can be no reason for doubting that it is represented by the present Tedjen. It is clear that in this part of Asia all Ptolemy's places are thrown too much to the east by an error in longi- tude. (Wilson, Ariana, p. 145.) [V.] OCHUS MONS Cnxos Arrian, Indie, c. 38),a mountain in Persis, mentioned by Arrian, supposed by Forbiger to be that now called Nakhilu. [V.] OCILE {'OKiri, Appian, B. llisp. lb), a town of Hispania Baetica, probably near Ilipa or Ilipla, besieged by the Lusitanians, and relieved by Mum- mius (Ukert, vol. ii. pt. 1. p. 372). [T. H. D.] OCILIS ("O/^iAiy, Appian, B. Uhp. c. 47, sqq.), a town of the Celtiberi, which served the Romans as a magazine in the time of the Celtiberian war. It was probably in the SE. part of Celtiberia. and Reichard identifies it with Ocawi. [T. H. D.] OCINAFiUS ('nreii/apoy), a river on the W. coast of Bruttium, mentioned only by Lycophron {Alex. 729, 1009), who tells us that ii flowed by the city of Terina. It is generally supposed to be the same with the Sabatus of the Itincraiies (the modern Sai-uto); but its identification depends upon that of the site of Terina, which is very uncertain. [Terina]. W- H. B.] OCrnS ("OfOTir, Ptol. ii. 3. §31), ;:n island on the N. coast of Britain, and NE. from the Orkneys, probably Ronaldsa. [ I. H. D.] OCRA MONS {v "OKpa), is the name given by Strabo to the lowest i)art of the Julian or Carnic Alps, over which was the pass leading from Aquileia to Aemona {Laybach), and from thence into Pannonia