Page:Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography Volume II.djvu/47

 ILA. perfect state of our knowledge of the inscriptions in question, it is somewhat hazardous to draw from them positive conclusions as to proper names; hut it seems that we may fairly infer the mention of several small towns or comumnities in the immediate neigh- bourhood of Iguvium. These were, however, in all probal)ility not independent communities, but licigi, or villages dependent upon Iguvium itself. Of this description were: Akerunia or Acerronia (probably answering to the Latin A<iuilunia), Clavernia (in Lat. Clavenna), Curia or Cnreia, Casiliim, Juviscum, Museia, I'ierium (?), Tarsina, and Trebla or Trepla. The last of these evidently corresponds to the Latin name Trebia or Trebula, and may refer to the Uni- brian town of that name: the Cureiati of the inscri])- tion are evidently the same with the Curiates of Pliny, mentioned hy him among the extinct com- munities of Umbria (I'lin. iii. 14. s. 19); while the names of JIuseia and Casilum are said to he still retained by two villages called Museia and Casilo in tJie immediate neighbourhood of Giibbio. Ckiasema, another neighbouring village, is perhaps the Claverna of the Tables. The coins of Iguvium, which are of bronze, and of large size (so that they must be anterior to the re- duction of the Italian As), have the legend ikvvini, which is probably the original form of the name, and is found in the Tables, though we here meet also with the softened and probably later form " Ijovina," or " liovina." [E. H. B.] ILA, in Scotland, mentioned by Ptolemy (ii. 3. § 5) as the first river south of the Berubium Pro- niontorium = /"//•</* of Dornoch. [R. G. L.] ILAKAU'GATAE. [Hispama; Ilekgetes.] ILARCU'RIS. [Caui-etani.] ILARGUS, a river of Rhaetia Secunda, flowing from west to east, and emptying itself into the Danube. (Pedo Albinov. Eler/. ad Liv. 386, where the common reading is Itargus ; others read Isargus, and regard it as the same as the river Atagis ("ATa7iy) mentioned by Strabo, iv. p. 207, with Groskurd's note, vol. i. p. 356.) It would, however, appear that llargus and Isargus were two different rivers, since in later writers we find, with a slight change, a river Ililara (^Vifa S. Mayiii, 18), answer- ing to the modern Iller, and another, Ysarche (Act. kj. Cassiani, ap. L'esch. Annal. Sahion. iv. 7), the modern Eisach, which flows in a southern direction, and empties itself into the Athesis. [L. S.] ILA'TTL ('lAoTTio, Polyb. «/;. Steph. B. s. v. a town of Crete, which is probably the same as the Elatiis of Pliny (iv. 12). Some editions read Clatus, incorrectly classed by him among the inland towns. (Hock. Kreta, vol. i. p. 432.) [E. B. J.] ILDUM. [Edetaxi.] ILEI. [Hermioxe.] ILEOSCA. [OscA.] ILERCA'ONES ('lAfp/cooi/ej, Ptol. ii. 6. §§ 16, 64; Ilercaonenses, Liv. sxii. 21; Illurgavonenses, Caes. B. C. i. 60 : in this, as in so many other Spanish names, the c and g are interchangeable), a people of Hispania Tarraconensis, occupying that portion of the sea-coast of Edetania which lay between the rivers Uduba and Iberus. Their exact boundaries appear to have been a little to the N. of each of these rivers. They possessed the town of Dertosa (Tortosa), on the left bank of the Iberus, and it was their chief city. [Dehtosa.] Their other towns, according to Ptolemy, were: — Adeba ("ASe^a : Amposia ?), Tiaiuulia (TiapiouXia : Teari Julienses, ap. Plin. iii. 3. s. 4 : TraygwTa), ILERGETES. 31 BiscARQTS (BtffKap^is ; Biscargitani civ. Rom., Plin. : Beii'iis), Sigakra {tiyappa : Segarra, Marca, Ilisp. ii. 8), Carthago Vktus {Kapxrihtiiv iraAaid : Carta Vifja, JIarca, ibid.), and Tiieava (0fot';a). Ukert also assigns to them, on the N. of the Iberus, Traja Capita, Oleastrum, Tarraco, and other places, which seem clearly to have belonged to the Cosetani. The name of their country, Ilercavonia, occurs on the coins of their city Irkra. ^ ^ [P. S.] ILERDA ('lAfpSo, and rarely Eiep5a ; Hilerda, Auson. Episl. XXV. 59 : Eth. 'lff>Sirai, Uerdenses: Lerida), the chief city of the Ileugetes, in His- pania Tarraconensis, is a place of considerable im- portance, historically as well as geographically. It stood upon an eminence, on the riglit (W.) bank of the river SuoRis {Sogre), the princijjal tributary of the Ebro, and suinc distance above its confluence with the CiNGA (^Cinca); thus commanding the country between those rivers, as well as the great road from Tarraco to the NW. of Spain, which here crossed the Sicoris. {Itin. Ant. pp. 391, 452.) Its situatii)n (propter ipsiiis loci vpporfunitatem, Caes. B. C. i. 38) induced the legates of Pompey in Sjjain to make it the key of their defence against Caesar, in the first year of the Civil War (b. c. 49). Afranius and Petreius threw themselves into the place with five legions; and their siege by Caesar himself, as narrated in his own words, forms one of the most interesting passages of military history. The resources exhibited by the great genei'al, in a contest where the formation of the district and the very elements of nature seemed in league with his enemies, have been compared to those displayed by the great Duke before Badajoz ; but no epitome can do justice to the campaign. It ended by the capitu- lation of Afranius and Petreius, who were conquered as nmch by Caesar's generosity as by his strategy. (Caes. B. C. i. 38, ct seq. ; Flor. iv. 12; Appian, B. C. ii. 42; Veil. Pat. ii. 42; Suet. Caes. 34; Lncan, Pharsal. iv. 11, 144.) Under the empire, Ilerda was a very flourishing city, and a muni- cipium. It had a fine stone bridge over the Sicoris, on the foundations of which the existing bridge is built. In the time of Ausonius the city had fallen into decay; but it rose again into importance in the middle ages. (Strab. iii. p. 161 ; Horat. Epist. i. 20. 13; coins, ap. Florez, Med. ii. pp.451, 646, iii. p. 73; Mionnet, vol. i. p. 44, Suppl. vol. i. p. 89; Sestini, pp. 161, 166; Eckhel, vol i. p. 51.) [P. S.] COIN OF ILERDA. ILERGE'TES ('Wepyvres. Ptol. ii. 6. § 68; Liv. sxi. 23, 61, xxii. 22; Plin. iii. 3. s. 4; 'lAovpyriTes, Polyb. iii. 35) or ILE'RGETAE ClAepyerai, Strab. iii. p. 161 : doubtless the 'IXapavydrai of Hecataeus, ap. Steph. B. s. v.), a people of Hispania Tarraco- nensis, extending en the N. of the Iberus (Ebro) from the river Gallicus (GaUego) to both hanks of the Sicoris (Segre), and as far E. as the Rubri- catus (Llobregnt) ; and having for neighbours the