Page:Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography Volume II.djvu/430

 4U NECTIBERES. west. Strabo speaks of it as rising opposite to Aetna, so that he would seem to apply the name to the mountains between that peak and the northern coast, which are still covered with the extensive forests of Caroiiia. Silius Italicus, on the other liand, tells us that it was in the Slons Nebrodes the two rivers of the name of Himera had their sources, which can refer only to the more westerly group of the Monti di Madonia, the most lofty range in Sicily after Aetna, and tliis indentification is gene- rally adopted. But, as already observed, there is no real distinction between the two. SiUus Italicus speaks of the Jlons Nebrodes as covered with forests, and Solinus derives its name from the number of fawns that wandered through them; an etymology obviously fictitious. (Strab. vi. p. 274; Solin. 5. §§ 11, 12; Sil. Ital. xiv. 236; Cluver. 5ia7. p. 364 ; Fazell. de Reh. Sic. x. 2. p. 414.) [E. H. B.] NECTIBERES. [Mauretania.] XEDA (Ne'Sa), now Biisi, a river of Peloponnesus, rises in Mt. Cerausium, a branch of Ut. Lycaeus in Arcadia, and flows with many windings in a westerly direction past Phigalia, first forming the bound- ary between Arcadia and Messenia, and afterwards between Elis and Messenia. It falls into the Ionian sea, and near its mouth is navigable for small boats. (Pans. iv.20. §§ 1, 2, iv. 36. §>, v. G. § 3, viii. 38. §3,viii.41.§§ 1,2; Strab. viii. pp.344, 348; Leake, Alorea, vol. i. pp. 56, 485; Ross, Eeisen im Pelo- ponnes, p. 84 ; Curtius, Peloponnesos, vol. ii. pp. 152, 185.) NEDAD, a river of Pannonia, mentioned only by Jornandes {de Reh. Get. 50), as the river on the banks of which the Huns were defeated by the Gepidae. The name is in some MSS. Nedao, and the river is believed to be the modern Neytra. [L. S.] NEDINUM (NriSii/of, Ptoh ii. 16. § 10; Geog. Eav. iv. 16; Neditae, Orelli, Inscr. 3452), a town of the Liburni, on the road from Siscia to ladera {Petit. Tab.), identified with the ruins near Nadin. Orelli {I. c.) refers the inscription to Novigrad. (Wilkinson, Dalmatia and Montenegro, vol. i. p. 93.) [E. B. J.] KEDON. [Messenia, p. 342, b.] NEGRA. [Marsyab.ve, pp. 284, 285.] NELCYNDA (ra NeAKwSa, Peripl. §§ 53, 54, cd. Jliiller, 1855), a port on the W. coast of India, in the province called Limyrica, without doubt the same as that now called Neliseram. It is in lat. 12° 10' N. It is mentioned in various authorities under names slightly modified one from the other: thus, it is the JMelcynda of Ptolemy (vii. 1. §9), in the country of the Aii ; the ^' portus gentis Nea- cyndon" of Pliny ( . 26. s. 104), which was also called Bacare or Barace; the Nincylda of the Peu- lingerian Table ; and Nilcinna of the Geogr. Raven. (ii. 1). The name is certainly of Indian origin, and may be derived, as suggested by Ritter (v. p. 515) from Nilakhanda, the blue county. Other derivations, however, have been proposed for it. (Vincent, Periplus, ii. p. 445 ; Rennell, Mem. Hin- dostan, p. 48; Gosselin, iii. p. 227.) [V.] NELEUS. [Euboea, Vol. I. p. 872, a.] NE'LIA (NyjAia), a town of Magnesia in Thes- saly, between which and lolcus Demetrias was situ- ated. Leake identifies it with the remains of a small Hellenic town above Lekhmia. (Strab. ix. p. 436; Leake, Northern Greece, vol. iv. p. 379.) NELO, a small river of Hispania Tarracoiiensis, in the territory of the Astures, and on the N. coast of Spain; probably the Rio de la Puente. (Plin. iv. 20. s. 34; Ukert, vol. ii. pt. 1. p. 299.) [T.H. D.] NEMAUSUS. NEMALONI, an Alpine people. In the Trophy of the Alps the name of the Nemaloni occurs be- tween the Brodiontii and Edenates. (Plin. iii. 20.) The site of this people is uncertain. It is a mere guess to place them, as some do, at Miolans, in the valley of Barcelonette. [G. L.] NEMAUSUS (N6>au(ros: Etli. Ne/xauffios, Ne- mausensis: Nimes), a city of Gallia Narbonensis on the ruad from Arelate (Aries) through Narbo {Narhonne') into Spain. Ptolemy (ii. 10. § 10) calls it Nemausus Colonia, but he places it in the same latitude as Arausio {Orange), and more than a degree north of Arelate ; which are great blunders. Nemausus was the chief place of the Volcae Areco- mici : " with respect to number of foreigners and those engaged in trade (says Strab. iv. p. 186) much infe- rior to Narbo, but with respect to its population much superior; for it has subject to it twenty-four villages of people of the same stock, populous villages which are contributory to Nemausus, which has what is called the Latium (Jus Latii or Latinitas). By virtue of this right those who have obtained the honour of an aedileship and quaestorship in Ne- mausus become Roman citizens; and for this reason this people is not under the orders of the governors from Rome. Now the city is situated on the road from Iberia into Italy, which road in the summer is easy travelling, but in the winter and spring is muddy and washed Ity streams. Some of these streams are passed by boats, and others by bridges of wood or stone. The wintry torrents are the cause of the trouble from the water, for these torrents sometimes as late as the summer descend from the Alps after the melting of the snow." Strabo fixes the site of Nemausus about 100 stadia from the Rhone, at a point opposite to Tarascon, and 720 stadia from Narbo. In another place (iv. p. 178) Strabo estimates the distance from Narbo to Ne- mausus at 88 M. p. One of the Itin. routes makes it 9 1 JI. P. from Narbo to Nemausus. Strabo's two distances do not agree, for 720 stadia are 90 M. P. The site of the place is certain. In the middle age documents the name is written Nemse (DAnville). There seems to be no authority for writing the modern name Nismes ; and yet Nimes, as it is now properly written, supposes a prior form Nismes, Nimes is the present capital of the arrondissenient of Gard, the richest in Roman remains of all the districts of France. The twenty-four smaller places that were attached (attributa) to Nemausus are mentioned by Pliny (iii. 4). The territory of Nemausus produced good cheese, which was carried to Rome (Plin. xi. 42). This cheese was made on the Cevennes, and Pliny appears to include Mons Lesura in the territory of Nemausus. Latera [Latera] on the Ledus {Lez.) west of Nemausus was in the territory, which pro- bably extended through Ugernum eastward to the Rhone. Nem.ausus was an old Gallic town. The_ name is the same that Strabo gives with a slight variation (Nemossus) to Augustonemetum or Cler-i mont in Auvergne. The element Neni appears in the name of several Gallic towns. Nemausus was made a Colonia probably by the emperor Augustus.] An inscription on one of the gates, called the gati of Augustus, records the eleventh or twelfth consul- ship of Augustus, and that he gave gates and walla to the colony. There is a bronze medal of '&e- mausus in the JIuseum of Avignon, the so called Pied de Biche, on one side of which there is the legend col. nem. with a crocodile chained to a palm-