Page:Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography Volume II.djvu/402

 386 MYNDUS. anecdote preserved in Athenaeus (viii. p. 348) of the witty musician Stratonicus, who, on coming to Mylassa, and observing its many temples, but few inhabitants, placed himself in the middle of the inarket-place, and exclaimed, "Hear me, oh ye temples." As to the history of this city, we know that Philip of Macedonia, the son of Demetrius, en- deavoured in vain to obtain possession of it; and it was probably to reward the place for its opposition to him that the Romans, after the war with Anti- ochus, declared its citizens free (Polyb. xvi. 24, xxii. 27; Liv. xxxviii. 39). In a petty war with the neighbouring Euromians, the Mylassans were vic- torious, and took some of their towns; but were afterwards compelled to submit to the Rhodians (Polyb. xxx. 5; Liv. xlv. 25.) In the time of Strabo, the town appears to have been still flourishing, and two eminent orators, Euthydemus and Hybreas, exercised considerable influence over their fellow- citizens. Hybreas, however, incurred the enmity of Labienus, his political adversary, whose pretensions he tried to resist. But he was obliged to take refuge iu Rhodes; whereupon Labienus marched with an army against Mylassa, and did great damage to the town. (Strab. xiv. p. 660.) It is mentioned, however, as late as the time of Hierocles (p. 688). It is ge- nerally admitted that the site of the ancient Mylassa is marked by the modern Melasso or Melassa, where considerable ancient remains have been observed by travellers. A temple, erected by the people of My- lassa in honour of Augustus and Roma, considerable ruins of which had existed until modern times, was destroyed about the middle of last century by the Turks, who built a new mosque with the materials (Pococke, Travels, tom. ii. p. 2. c. 6.) Chandler (Asia Minor, p. 234) saw beneath the hill, on the east side of the town, an arch or gateway of marble, of the Corinthian order; a broad marble pavement, with vestiges of a theatre; and round the town ranges of columns, the remains of porticoes. (Comp. Leake, Asia Minor, p. 230; Fellows, Journal of an Exc. p. 260, Discoveries in Lycia, p. 67, who saw many ancient remains scattered about the place; Rasche, Lex. Num. iii. 1. p. 999, &c.) [L. S.] Æ ww 30% MYONNESUS. same place. But it ought to be remembered that Pliny mentions both Myndus and Neapolis as two different towns. Myndian ships are mentioned in the expedition of Anaxagoras against Naxos. (Herod. v. 33.) At a later time, when Alexander besieged Halicarnassus, he was anxious first to make himself master of Myndus; but when he attempted to take it by surprise, the Myndians, with the aid of rein- forcements from Halicarnassus repuised him with some loss. (Arrian, l. c.; comp. Hecat. Fragm. 229; Polyb. xvi. 15, 21; Scylax, p. 38; Ptol. v. 2. § 9; Liv. xxxvii. 15; Hierocl. p. 687.) Athenaeus (i. 32) states that the wine grown in the district of Myndus was good for digestion. It is generally believed that Mentesha or Muntesha marks the site of Myndus; but Col. Leake (Asia Minor, p. 228) identifies Myndus with the small sheltered port of Gumishlu, where Captain Beaufort remarked the remains of an ancient pier at the entrance of the port, and some ruins at the head of the bay. (Comp. Rasche, Lex. Num. iii. 1. p. 1002, &c.; Eckhel, Doctr. Num. vol. ii. pt. i. p. 585.) Ptolemy (v. 2. § 30) mentions a small island called Myndus in the Icarian Sea. [L. S.] 216 A² R HAMVIN AU 3 Pocooor COIN OF MYNDUS. MYO'NIA or MYON (Muovia, Paus. ; Múwv, Steph. B.: Eth. Muoveús, Paus., Thuc.), a town of the Locri Ozolae, situated on the most difficult of the passes leading from Aetolia into Locris. (Thuc. iii. 101.) Pausanias describes it as a small town (Tóλioµa), situated upon a hill 30 stadia from Am- phissa inland, containing a grove and an altar of the gods called Meilichii, and above the town a temple of Poseidon. (Paus. x. 38. §8, comp. vi. 19. § 4.) Leake (Northern Greece, vol. ii. p. 592) and other authorities place Myonia at Aghía Thymia, or Athy- mía, a small village, containing Hellenic remains, distant 1 hour from Súlona (Amphissa) on the road to Galaxidhi on the coast; but this cannot be cor- rect, as, according to the passage in Pausanias, My- onia lay further inland than Amphissa. Avw μèv inèp 'Aupioons pòs neipov Muovía...Ovrot (in- cluding the Muoveîs) µèv dù útероIKOÛσι 'AµÇio- ons, éri daráoons dè Olávbeia). Accordingly Kiepert places Myonia in his map N. of Amphissa, on the road from the latter place to Cytinium in Doris. COIN OF MYLASSA. MYNDUS (Múvdos: Eth. Múrdios), a Dorian colony of Troezen, on the coast of Caria, situated on the northernmost of the three Dorian peninsulas, a MYONNE'SUS (Muovvnoos or Muóvnoos), a pro- few miles to the northwest of Halicarnassus. It was montory on the south-west of Lebedus, on the coast protected by strong walls, and had a good harbour. of Ionia, at the northern extremity of the bay of (Paus. ii. 30. §8; Strab. xiv. p. 658; Arrian, Anab. Ephesus. It is celebrated in history for the naval i. 20, ii. 5.) But otherwise the place is not of victory there gained by the Romans under L. Aemi- much importance in ancient history. Both Pliny lius over Antiochus the Great, in B. C. 190. (Steph. (v. 29) and Stephanus Byz. (s. v.) mention Palae-| B. s. v.; Strab. xiv. p. 643 ; Thucyd. iii. 42; Liv. imyndus as a place close by Myndus; and this Pa- xxxvii. 27.) Livy describes the promontory as situ- laemyndus seems to have been the ancient place of ated between Samos and Teos, and as rising from a the Carians which became deserted after the esta- broad basis to a pointed summit. There was an blishment of the Dorian Myndus. (Comp. Strab. xiii. approach to it on the land side by a narrow path; p. 611.) Mela (i. 16) and Pliny (l. c.) also speak while on the sea side it was girt by rocks, so mnch of a place called Neapolis in the same peninsula; and worn by the waves, that in some parts the over- as no other authors mention such a place in that hanging cliffs extended further into the sea than the part of the country, it has been supposed that ships stationed under them. On this promontory Myndus (the Dorian colony) and Neapolis were the there also was a small town of the name of Myonnesus