Page:Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography Volume II.djvu/322

 306 MEDOBRIGA. tacks, and destroyed a considerable part of his fleet. (Liv. X. 2.) [E. H. B.] MKDOBRIGA, a town in Lnsitania (Hirt. B. Alex. 48), the inhabitants of which are called by Pliny (iv. 22. s. 35) Jledubricenses Plumbarii, is the same place as jMi:ni>brig.v, or JIontobkiga, vhich is placed in the Antunine Itinerary (p. 420) on the road from Scalabis to Emerita. There are ruins of the ancient town at Miu-vao, on the frontiers of Portugal. (Itesendi, AiU. Lus. p. 58; Florez, Esp. Sn(/r. xiii. p. G6.) MEDOSLANIUM (Mf Soo-Xai/iof), a town in the southennnost part of Germany (Ptol. ii. 11. § 30), whicii must have been situated a few miles to the north of Vienna. Its exact site is only matter of conjecture. [L- S.J MEDUACUS. [Medoacus.] MEDUANA (Mayenne), a oranch of the Liger, in Gallia. Tiie name may be ancient, but the verse of Lucun in which it occurs is spurious. [LiGKiJ.] [G. L.] MEDUANTUM, in Gallia, is placed in the Table on a road from Dnrocortornm {Reims) through No- viomagus, Mo.se or Mosa {Momon), to Jleduantum, an unknown site. [G. L.j JIE'DULI, a Gallic people on the coast snutii of the Garumna {Garonne). Ausonius {Ep. 4) says to Theon : — " Quum tamen eserces Medulorum in litore vitam." He says in another Epistle to Theon (Ep. 5) : — " Unus Domnotoni te litore perferet aestus Condatem ad portum, si modo deproperes." [As to this Cdndatis Portus, see Condate, No. 6.] Ausonius {Ep. 7) thanks Theon for sending him some of the oysters, equal to those of Baiae, which were fattened in the " stagna Medulorum." The country of the Meduii corresponds to Medoc in the French department of the Glronde. [G. L.] MEDULLL (MeSoyaAAoi, Strabo), an Alpine people, whose name occurs in the inscription on the arcli of Susa and on the Trophy of the Alps (Plin. iii. 20), w'here they are placed between the Acitarones and Uceni. Ptolemy (ii. 10. §11) places the Allobroges "under the Meduii,'' as the name is there written, by which he means that the Meduii occui)y the country nearer to the Alps. Strabo's description of the position of this people is clear (iv. p. 203) : — " After the Vocontii are the Si- conii (Iconii), and Tricorii, and then the Medualli, who occupy the highest summits (of the Alps) ; now they say that the highest part of their country has an ascent of one hundred stadia, and thence to the borders of Italy the descent is as much : and above, in certain hollows, there is a great lake, and two springs not far from one another, and from one of these flows the Druentius {Durance), a torrent stream which flows down to the Piliodanus, and the Durias {Doria) runs in the opposite direction, for it joins the Padus {Po), flowing down through the country of the Salassi into Celtice south of the Alps." When Strabo says further (iv. p. 204) that the Medulli " lie as near as may be {fiaKirrra) above the confluence of the Isara and the Phone," he is not speaking of distance, but of direction or position ; fur he adds " and the other side of the mountain country above described, the part that slopes towards Italy, is occupied by the Taurini. a Ligurian people, ami other Ligures." The conclusion is easy that the Medulli were in the .^favrir'ntie, north and south of the town MEDULLIA. of S. Jean de 3faurienne, and enclosed between the Tarentaise and Dauphine. The lake is supposed by D'Anville and by Walckenaer {Geog. vol. ii. p. 31) to be that on Mont Cenis ; and Walckenaer adds " that it is exactly 200 Olympic stadia from Scez to the termination of the descent, 7 miles west oi Aosta." But this is a false conclusion, de- rived probably from Stiabo's remark about the Durias flowing through the country of the Salassi ; the streain which flows through the countiy of the Salassi is the Doria Baltea, but the stream which rises near the Durance is the Doria Riparia. D'Anville supposed that Strabo made the Alps in the country of the Medulli 100 stadia in perpen- dicular height, which absurd mistake has been fol- lowed by the French translators of Strabo. Walcke- naer has corrected it ; but he has erroneously made Ptolemy place the Jledulli immediately north of the Allobroges, instead of to the south-east. Vi- truvius (viii. 3) speaks of the goitres of the Medulli, a disease supposed to arise from the water which they drank. [G. L.J MEDU'LLIA (MeStrAA/a: Eth. MeSuAATws, Me- dullinus), an ancient city of Latium, which is re- peatedly mentioned in the early history of Rome; but, like many others, had disappeared at a com- paratively early period. According to Dionysius it was one of the colonies of Alba; and Diodorus also includes it among the cities of which he ascribes the foundation to Latinus Silvius. (Dionys. iii. 1 ; Diod. vii., ap. Eiiseb. Arm. p. 185.) We are told that it fell into the power of Romulus by the voluntary submission of the inhabitants after the fail of Crus- tumerium, and many of its citizens migrated to Rome, among whom was the father of Tullus Hos- tilius. (Dionys. ii. 36, iii. 1.) But in the reign of Ancus Marcius it was again conquered by the Latins, who held it for above three years, when the Roman king a second time reduced it. (Id. iii. 38.) Livy, however, says nothing of this reconquest, but treats it throughout :is a Latin city, and enumerates it among those of the Prisci Latini which were taken by Tar- quinius Priscus (i. 33, 38). At a somewhat later period it is mentioned for the last time, in b. c. 492, as abandoning the Roman alliance, and joining the Sabines. (Dionys. vi. 34.) We have no account of the period of its destruction, but it is not noticed by any of the geographers, and Pliny tells us that it was no longer in existence in his time (iii. 5. s. 9). The name of Medullia is found in Livy associated with those of Corniculum, Ficulea, Crustumerium, and Nomentum, of which the site is approximately known, as well as with Ameriola and Cameria, of which the position is as uncertain as that of ^le- dullia itself. All tliree were probably situated in the neighbourhood of the cities just mentioned; but this is all that can be asserted with any confidence. Gell and Nibby have described the rema'ns of an ancient city, at a spot called MarcelUna, about 4 miles from Palomhara, at the foot of the lofty Monte Gennaro, which the former writer supposes to be Medullia. The remains in question, consisting of considerable portions of walls of polygonal con- struction, enclosing a triargular area, are unques- tionably those of an ancient city: but its identifica- tion is wholly uncertain ; the situation would suit equally well for Cameria or Ameriola, as for Me- dullia. Nibby and Abeken would place the latter at S Angela di Capoccia, on the highest summit of the Corniculan hills; where there also remain ancient walls, supposed by Gell to 1,'e those of Corniculum