Page:Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography Volume II.djvu/233

 LUPODUNUM. rtolemv would lead us to suppose that it was a maritime town. (Plin. iii. 11. s. 16; Ptol. iii. 1. § 14.) Appian also speaks of Octavian as landing thereon his return to Italy, immediately after Caesar's death, wlieii he halted some days at Lupiae without venturing to advance to Brundusium, until he re- ceived fresh information from Rome. (Appian, B. C. iii. 10.) There seems, however, no doubt that the ancient Lupiae occupied the same site as the modern Lecce, though it may have had a port or landing-place of its own. The above passage of Appian is the only mention of it that occurs in his- tory; but a tradition preserved to us by Julius Capitolinus (^M. Ant. 1.) ascribed its foundation to a king of the Salentines, named Malennius, the son of Dasumus. There is little doubt that it was really a native Salentine city; nor is there any foun- dation for supposing it to have received a Greek colony. Pausanias, in a passage which has given rise to much confusion, in treating of the treasury of the Sybarites at Olympia, tells us that Sybaris was the same city which was called in his time Lupia, and was situated between Brundusium and Hydruntum. (Paus. vi. 19. § 9.) The only reasonable expla- nation of this strange mistake is, that he con- founded Lupia in Calabria (the name of which was sometimes written Lopia) with the Roman colony of Copia in Lucania, which had in fact arisen on the site of Thurii, and, therefore, in a manner succeeded to Sybaris. But several modern writers (Romanelli, Craiuer, &c.) have adopted the mistake of Pausa- nias, and affirmed that Lupiae was previously called Syliaris, though it is evidently of the well-known city of Sybaris that that author is speaking. We liear but little of Lupiae as a Roman town, though it appears to have been a municipal town of some importance, and is mentioned by all the geographers. The " ager Lyppiensis " (sic) is also noticed in the Liber Coloniaruui; but it does not appear that it received a colony, and the inscriptions in which it bears the title of one are, in all probability, spurious. Nor is there any ancient authority for the name of Lycium or Lycia, which is assigned to the city by several local writers: this form, of which the modern name of Lecce is obviously a corruption, being first found in documents of the middle ages. {Lib. Colon, p. 262; Mel. ii. 4. § 7; Itin. Ant. p. 118.) The modern city of Lecce is a large and populous place, and the chief town of the province called the Terra di Otranto. No ancient remains are now visible ; but Galateo, writing in the l.Ttli cen- tury, tells us that there were then extensive sub- terranean remains of the ancient city — vast arches, covered galleries and foundations of ancient build- ings — upon which the modem city was in great measure built. Numerous vases and other relics of antiquity have also been brought to light by exca- vaiions, and an inscription in the llessapian dialect. (Galateo, de Sit. lapyg. pp. 81 — 86; Romanelli, vol. ii. pp. 83 — 93; Mommsen, Unter Ital. Diakcte, p. 59.) [E. H. B.] LUPODU'NUM,a placeon the riverNicer(A'eci-ar) in Southern Germany. (Auson. J/oseZ. 423; Sym- machus, p. 16, ed. Niebuhr.) It is probably the same place as the modern Ladenhurg on the Nechar, though some identify it with the fort which the em- peror Valentinian built on the banks of the Neckar. (Amm. Marc, xxviii. 2.) [L. S.] LUPPHURDUM (AouTTcpoupSov), a town in the north of Germany. (Ptol. ii. 11. § 28.) Its site is LUST, 217 generally identified with Wittenberg or Meissen ; but it seems more probable that it was situated near Leipzig, on the river Luppa, from which it may have derived its name. [L. S.] LU'PPIA or LU'PIA (6 Aovnlas: Z,?>;/)e), a na- vigable river in the north-west of Germany, which was well known to the Romans, from its sources to the point where it empties itself into the Rhine. Its sources are in the interior of Germany, not far from those of the Amisia. {Ems.) (Veil. Pat. ii. 105; Tac. Ann. i. 60, ii. 7, Hist. v. 22; Pomp. Mela, iii. 3. §3: Strab. vii. p. 291; Dion Cass. liv. 33.) Strabo (?. c.) had a very incorrect notion of the course of the Lupia, for he describes it as flowing through the country of the Bructeri Minores, and as discharging its waters, like the Amasia, into the ocean: he, moreover, places it about 600 stadia from the Rhine. Tacitus {Ann. ii. 7) mentions a Roman fort built on its banks. [L. S.] LU'PPIA (AouTTTrio), a place of considerable im- portance in the north of Germany, between the rivers Albis and Visurgis, above Mons Melibocus. (PtoL ii. 11. § 28, viii. 6. § 3.) It is generally identified with the modern town of Lvpta. [L. S.] LUSI {Aovaoi, Paus., Steph. B. s. v. ; Aovaoi, AovarcToi, TO. Aovcraa, Schol. ad Callim. Dian. 235 ; comp. Meineke, ad Steph. B. s. v. : Eth. Aovaio^, Aoutreus, Aovaia.T7]s, Steph. B. ; Aoixrievs, Xen. Anah. iv. 2. § 21), a town in the north of Arcadia, originally independent of, but afterwards subject to, Cleitor. [Cleitor.] Lusi was situated in tiie upper valley of the Aroanius. and probably on the site oi Sudhend, which stands in the NK. comer of the valley at the foot of Mt. Khelmoa (the ancient Aroanian mountains), and on the road from Tri- politzd to Kaldvryta. The upper valley of the Aroanius, now called the plain of Sudhend. consists of two plains, of which the more easterly is the one through which the Aroanius flows, the waters of which force their way through a gorge in the moun- tains into the plain of Cleitor, now Kdtzana, to the south. The more westerly plain of Sudhend is en- tirely shut in by a range of hills ; and the waters of three streams which flow into this plain are carried off by a katavothra, after forming an inundation, apparently the Lacus CUtorius mentioned by Pliny (xxxi. 2. s. 13). The air is damp and cold ; and in this locality the best hemlock was grown (The- ophr. ix. 15. I 8). Lusi was still independent in the 58th Olympiad ; since one of its citizens is recorded to have gained the victory iu the Uth Pythiad. (Paus. viii. 18. § 8.) Its territory was ravaged by the Aetolians in the Social War (Polyb. iv. 18) ; but in the time of Pausanias there were no longer even any ruins of the town. (Paus. I. c.) Its name, however, was preserved in consequence of its temple of Artemis Lusia or Hemerasia (the " Soother "). The goddess was so called, because it was here that the daughters of Proetus were purified from their madness. They had concealed themselves in a large cavern, from which they were taken by Jlelampus, who cured them by sacred expiations. Thereupon their father Proetus founded this temple of AiHemis Hemerasia, which was regarded with great reverence throughout the whole Peloponnesus as an inviolable asylum. It was plundered by the Aetolians in the Social War. It was situated near Lusi, at the distance of 40 stadia from Cynaetha. (Paus.; Polyb. U. cc. ; Cal- lim. Dian. 233.) The interior of the temple, with the purification of the daughters of Proetus, is re-