Page:Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography Volume II.djvu/171

 LEJIANIS PORTUS. town called Peilasus at the foot of Mount Ida. (//. xsi. 86.) Strabo relates that Leleges and Carians once occupied the whole of Ionia, and that in the Milesian territory and in all Caria tombs and forts of the Leleges were shown. He further says that the two were so intermingled that they were fre- quently regarded as the same people. (Strab. vii. p. 321, xiii. p. 61 1.) It would therefore appear that there was some close connection between the Le- leges and Carians, though they were probably diffe- rent peoples. The Leleges seem at one time to have occupied a considerable part of the western coast of Asia Minor. They were the earliest known inhabitants of Samos. (Athen. sv. p. 672.) The connection of the Leleges and the Carians was pro- bably the foundation of the Slegarian tradition, that in the twelfth generation after Car, Lelex came over from Egypt to Megara, and gave his name to the people (Pans. i. 39. § 6) ; but their Egyptian origin was evidently an invention of later times, when it became the fashion to derive the civilisation of Greece from that of Egypt. A grandson of this Lelex is said to have led a colony of Megarian Leleges into Slessenia, where they founded Pylus, and remained until they were driven out by Neleus and the Pelasgians from lolcos ; whereupon they took possession of Pylus in Elis. (Paus. v. 36. § 1.) The Lacedaemonian traditions, on the other hand, represented the Leleges as the autochthons of La- conia ; they spoke of Lelex as the first native of the soil, from whom the people were called Leleges and the land Lelegia ; and the son of this Lelex is said to have been the first king of Messenia. (Paus. iii. 1. § 1, iv. 1. §§ 1, 5.) Aristotle seems to have regarded Leucadia, or the western parts of Acar- nania, as the original seats of the Leleges ; for, ac- cording to this writer, Lelex was the autochthon of Leucadia, and from him were descended the Tele- boans, the ancient inhabitants of the Taphian islands. He also regarded them as the same people as the Locrians, in which he appears to have followed the authority of Hesiod, who spoke of them as the subjects of Locrus, and as produced from the stones with which Deucalion repeopled the earth after the deluge. (Strab. vii. pp. 321, 322.) Hence all the inhabitants of Mount Parnassus, Locrians, Phocians, Boeotians, and others, are sometimes described as Leleges. (Comp. Dionys. Hal. i. 17.) (See Thirl- wall, Hist, of Greece, vol. i. p. 42, seq.) LEJUNIS PORTUS (Kaivhs Ai/j-w, Ptol. ii. 3. § 4), one of the chief seaports of Britain, situated in the territories of the Cantii ; the site near Lymne, in Kent. The road from Durovernum to Portus Lemanis {Itin. Anton, iv.) is extant nearly its entire length, and known by the name of Stone Street. The harbour or port is no longer to be traced, owing to the silting up of the sea ; but it mixst have been situated opposite to West Hythe and Lymne. The remains of the castrum, called Stuffall Castle, to the west of West Hythe, and below Lymne, indi- cate the quarters of the Turnacensian soldiers sta- tioned there in defence of the Littus Saxonicum. (^Not. Dig?) Recent discoveries have shown that a body of marines (Classiarii Britannici) were also located at the Portus Lemanis, and at Dubris (^Bover). An altar was also found, recording the name of a prefect of the British fleet. (^Report on Excavations made at Lymne.") The Portus Lemanis is laid down in the Peutingerian Tables, and it is mentioned by the anonymous Geographer of Ravenna. LEMNOS. 155 The Roman station was situated on the slope of a hill. Like that of RiclihorovgJi (Eutupiae), it was walled on three sides only ; the side facing the sea being sufficiently defended by nature in a steep bank, such as we see at other Roman castra where the engineers have availed themselves of a natural defence to save the expense and labour of building walls. The fortress enclosed about 10 acres. The walls, in part only now standing, were upwards of 20 ft. high, and about 10 ft. thick; they were further strengthened by semicircular solid towers. The principal entrance was on the east, facing the site of the village of West Hythe. It was supported by two smaller towers, and, as recent excavations prove, by other constructions of great strength. Opposite to this, on the west, was a postern gate, of narrow dimensions. At some remote period the castrum was shattered by a land-slip, and the lower part was carried away, and separated entirely from the upper wall, which alone .stands in its original position. To this cause is to be ascribed the present disjointed and shattered condition of the lower part. Parts of the wall and the great gateway were completely buried. The excavations alluded to brought them to light, and enabled a plan to be made. Within the area were discovered the walls of one of the barracks, and a large house with several rooms heated by a hypocaust. [C. R. S.] LEMANUS or LEMANNUS LACUS {Aiixivos, AffxavT] AifxvT) : Leman Lahe or Lohe of Geneva). Caesar says {B. G. i. 8) that he drew his rampart against the Helvetii " from the Lacus Lemannus, which flows into the Rhone, as far as the Jura;" a form of expression which some of the commentators have found fault with and altered without any reason. The name AifieuT] Ai/xfr} in Ptolemy's text (ii. 10. § 2) is merely a copyist's error. In the Antonine llin. the name Lausonius Lacus occurs ; and in the Table, Losannensis Lacus. Mela (ii. 5), who supposes the Rhodanus to rise not far from the sources of the Rhenus and the Ister, says that, " after being received in the Lemannus Lacus, the river maintains its current, and flowing entire through it, runs out as large as it came in." Strabo (p. 271) has a remark tothesame purpose, and Pliny (ii. 103), and Ammianus Marcellinus (xv. 11). This is not the fact, as we may readily suppose, though the current of the Rhone is perceptible for some distance after the river has entered the east end of the lake of Geneva. Ausonius {Be Clar. Urh. Narho) makes the lake the chief source of the Rhodanus : — Qua rapitur praeceps Rhodanus genitore Lemanno; but this poetical embellishment needs no remark. The Lake of Geneva is an immense hollow filled by the Rhone and some smaller streams, and is properly described under another title. [Rhoda- nus.] [G. L.] LEMA'VI. [Gai.laecia.] LEMINCUM, in Gallia Narbonensis, is placed in the Table and the Antonine Itin. on a road from the Alpis Graia {Little St. Bernard) to Vienna ( Vienna). Lemincum is Lemens, near Chainhcry, and there is also, according to some authorities, a Mont Leminc. The next station to Lemincum on the road to Vienna is Labiscum. [Labiscum.] [G. L.] LEMNOS {A71IJ.V0S : Eth. Avuvtos), one of the larger islands in the Aeg.aean sea, situated nearly midway between Mount Athos and the Hellespont. According to Pliny (iv. 12. s. 23), it lay 22 miles SW. of Imbros, and 87 miles SE. of Athos; but the