Page:Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography Volume II.djvu/1255

 TRILEUCUM. TRILEUCUJI (TplevKov &Kpov, Ptol. ii. 6. § 4), a promontory in the territory of the CaHaici Lu- censes, on the N. coast of llisjiania Tari-aconensis, known also by the name of Kwpou aicpov. (Marcian, p. 44.) Now Caj)e Orteyal. [T. H. D.j TKIMA'MMIUM {Tptfj.fidi'ioi' or 'I'piixdfxixwv, Ptol. iii. 10. § 10), a castle on the Danube, in Lower Moesia. {It'm. Ant. p. 222; called Trima- niium in the Tab. Pent, and by the Geogr. Rav. iv. 7.) Variously identified with Murotin, Likalika, and the ruins near Pirgo or Birgos. [T. H. D.J TRLMENOTHYRA. [Tkmenothyka.] COIN OF TRIMENOTHYUA. TRIMONTIUiM {Tpiix6vrLov, Ptol. ii. 3. § 8), a town of the Selgovae, in Britannia Barbara, pro- bably near Longkolm, in the neighbourhood of the Solway Frith. " [T. H. D.] TRi'MYTHUS. [Teemitiius.] TRINA'CIA. [Tyracia.] TRINA'CRIA. [SiciLiA.j TRINA'SUS {Tpivaryds, Pans. iii. 22. § 3 ; TpU i'aff(7os, Ptol. iii. 16. § 9), a town or rather fortres.s of Laconia, situated upon a promontory near the head of the Laconian gulf, and 30 stadia above liythium. It is oppusite to three small rocks, which gave their name to the place. The modern village is for the same reason still called Trinisa (to Tpi- vriTci). There are considerable remains of the an- cient walls. The place was built in a semi-circular form, and was not more than 400 or 500 yards in circuit. (Leake, Morea, vol. i. p. 232 ; Boblaye, Recherches, cfc. p. 94 ; Ross, Wanderungen in Griechenland, vol. ii. p. 239 ; Curtius, Peloponnesos, vol. ii. p. 287.) TRINEMEIA. [Attica, p. 330, b.] TRl'NIUS (Trigno), a considerable river of Sam- nium, which has its sources in the rugged mountain district between Agnone and Castel di Sangro, and lias a course of about 60 miles from thence to the Adriatic. During the lower part of its course it traverses the territory of the Frentani, and falls into the sea about 5 miles SE. of Histonium (// IVwto). The only ancient writer who mentions it is Pliny (iii. 12. s. 17), who calls it "flumen portuosum:" it is, indeed, the only river along this line of coast the mouth of which affords slielter even for small v«ssels. [E. H. B.] TRINOBANTES (called by Ptolemy Tpivdwre^, ii. 3. § 22), a people on the E. coast of Britannia Romana, situated N. of London and the Thmnes, in Essex and the southern ])arts of Suffolk, whose capital was Camalodunum (Colcfie.itci-). They submitted to Caesar when he landed in Britain, but revolted against the Romans in the reign of Nero. (Caes. B. G. v 20; Tac. Ann. xiv. 31.) [T.H.D.] TRINURTIUM. [Tinurtium.] TRIOISUIS. a river of Gallia named by Sidonius Ajrxiliinans (Prnpempt.). It is a branch of the Oltis (Lot), and is now named Trw/ire. [G. L.] TRIO'CALA (TpwKaXa. 7^/A. Triocalinus : Ru. near Calatahellotta), a ciiy of bicily, situated in TRirODISCUS. 1231 the interior of the island, about 12 miles from Thermae .Selinmitiae {Sihiccu). As the naTne is cited by Stephanus of Byzantium (who writes the name TpiVaAo) from Philistus, it is probable that it was a Siculian town or fortress as eariv at least as the time of the elder Dionysius; but no' notice of it is now found in history until the second Sen-ile War in Sicily in b. c. 103—100. On that occasion Triucala was selected, on account of its great na- tural streng;th and other advantages, by Tryphon, the leader of the insurgents, as his chief stronghold :' he fortified the rocky summit on which it was situated, and was able to liold out there, as in an impregnable fortress, after his defeat in the field by L. Lucullus. (Diod. xxxa. 7, 8.) The circum- stances of its fall are not related to us, but Silius Italicus alludes to it as liaving suffered severely from the effects of the war. (•' Servili vastata Triocala bello,' siv. 270). Cicero nowhere notices the name among the municipal towns of Sicily, but in one passage mentions the " Triocalinus ager" {Verr. v. 4); and the Triocalini again appear in Pliny's list of the municijial towns of Sicily. The name is also found in Ptolemy, but in a manner that gives little information as to its ]X)si<ion. (Plin. iii. 8. s. 14; Ptol. iii. 4. § 14.) It was an episcopal see during the early part of the middle ages, and the site is identified by Fazello, who tells us that the ruins of the city were still visible in his rime a short distance from Calatahellotta, a town of Saracen origin, situated on a lofty liill about 12 miles inland from Sciacca; and an old church on the site still presen-ed the ancient appellation. (Fazcll. de lieb. Sic. x. 472; Cluver. Sicil. p. 374). [E. H. B.] TRIOTIUJI (Tpidiriov &i{pov: C. Ct-io), the [.ro- montory at the eastern extremity of the jieninsula of Cnidus, forming at the same time the south- western extremity of Asia ]Iinor. (Thucyd. viii. 35,60; Scylax, p. 38; Pomp. Mela, i. 16.) On the summit of this promontory a temple of Apollo, hence called the Triopian, seems to have stood, near which games were celebrated, whence Scylax calls the promontory the aKpoiTriptou Up6y. According to some authorities the town of Cnidus itself also bore the name of Trioiiium, having, it is said, been founded by Triopas. (Steph. B. s. v. Tptoiriov; Plin. V. 29, who calls it Triopia; Eustath. ud.Jlom. 11. iv. 341; Cnidus.) [L.S.J TRIPHYLIA. [Eus. | TRll'ODlSCUS (JpiTToUcTKos, Time. iv. 70; TpiTToSiffKoi, Paus. i. 43. § 8 ; 'Vpiiruhoi, Tpiiro- SiffKiof, Strab. ix. p. 394 ; T^iiroSiV/CTj, Herod, ap. Steph. B. s. V. TpiTToSiaKOS : L'th. TpiiroSiaKios, Steph. B. ; TptTToSi(TKa7os), an ancient town of Mo- garis, .said to have been one of the five hamlets into which the Jlegarid was originally divided. (Pint. Quaest. Graec. c. 17.) Strabo relates that, acconl- ing to some critics, Tri]iodi was mentioned by Ho- mer, along with Acgirasa and Ni.saoa, as ]iiirt of (ho dominions of Ajax of Salamis, and that the verse containing these names was omitted l)y the Athe- nians, who substituted for it another to j)ri)vc that Salamis in the time of the Trujaii War, belonged to Athens. (Strab. /. c.) Trii)oiliscus is celebrated in the liistory of literature as the liirlli]il:ice of Susarion, who is said to have intn>dii(i'd comedy into Attica, and to have removed fnmi this j.ljui! to the Attic Icaria. (Aspas. nd Arintot. F.lli. Sic. iv. 2; Diet, o/niogr. A. III. p. 948.) Wc le.iru from Thucydides (/. c.) that Trijiodistiis was bilu-