Page:Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography Volume II.djvu/1249

 TREIA. Suffenates," Plin. vi. 12. s. 17). Its site is clearly iixed at Monte Leone, sometimes called Monte Leone della Sablnu, a village about 2 miles on the right of the ^'ia Salaria, between Osteria Nuova and Pof/gio S. Lorenzo. Here there are considerable ruins, including those of a theatre, of thermae or baths, and portions of the ancient pavement. Seve- ral inscriptions have also been found here, some of which have the name of the people, " Plebs Trebu- lana," " Trebulani Mutuscani," and " Trebulani Mut.," so that no doubt can remain of their attribu- tion. (Chiuipy, Maison d Horace, vol. iii. pp. 93 — 96; Orell. /?i*cr. 923, 3442, 3963.) As this seems to have been much the most considerable place of the two, it is probably that meant by Strabo, who mentions Trebula without any distinctive adjunct but in conjunction with Eretum (Strab. v. p. 228). The Liber Coloniarum also mentions a " Tribule, niunieipium" (p. 258) which is probably the same place. Martial also alludes to Trebula as situated among cold and damp mountain valleys (v. 72), but it is not certain w hich of the two places he here refers to. Virgil speaks of Mutusca as abounding in olives (•' oliviferaeque Mutuscae," Aen. vii. 711), which is ^till the case with the neighbourhood of Monte Leone, and a village near it bears in consequence the name of Oliveto. 2. Trehul.v Suffenas, the name of which is known only from I'iny, is of very uncertain site. Cbaupy would place it at Rocca Sinthaldi, in the valley of the Turano, but this is mere conjecture, (iuattani on the other hand fixes it on a hill near Stroncone, between Rleti and Terni, where there are i-aid to be distinct tracesof an ancient town. (Chaiipy, /.'■.; Guattani Mon. della Sabina, vol. i. p. 190.) It is probable that the Tribula (TpiSuAa) of Diony- ^ius, mentioned by him among the towns assigned liy Varro to the Aborigines (Dionys. i. 14) may be t he saine with the Trebula Suftenas of Pliny. In this case we know that it could not be far from i;eate. [E. H. B.] TREIA {Eth. Treiensisr Eu. near Treja), a mu- nicipal town of Picenum, situated on the left bank of the river Potentia, about 9 miles below Septempeda {S. Severino) and 5 above Ricina. Pliny is the only geograplier that mentions it; but it is probable that the Tpaiora of Ptolemy is only a corruption of its name. (Plin. iii. 13. s. 18; Ptol. iii. 1. § 52.) The Treienses are enumerated by Pliny ainong the mu- nicipal communities of Picenum, and the municipal rank of the town is further attested by several in- scriptions. (Orell. Inscr. 516, 3899.) It seems in- deed to have been a considerable place. The Iti- nerary of Antoninus places it on the branch of the 'ia Flaminia which led direct to Ancona: it was 9 miles from Septempeda and 18 from Auximum. (/<2«. ./lw<. p. 312.) Cluverius .says that he could find no trace either of the place or the name; but the ruins were pointed out by Holstenius as still existing on the left bank of the Potenza, at the f(jot of the hill occupied by the village of Montecchio. The latter place has since adopted the ancient n.'iine of Treja, and having been augmented by the popu- lation of several neighbouring villages, is now be- come a considerable town. (Cluver. Jtal. p. 738; llolsten. Not. ad Cluv. p. 136.) [E. II. B.J TREMERUS INS. [Diomkdeak Insulaf,.] THE'JUTHUS {Tpmidods, Steph. B. s. v.; Tpe- Ix-qOniis, Ptol. v. 14. § 6 ; Ti';Ui;0os, Constant, de Them. i. 15, p. 39, ed. Bonn ; 'Vpnudovvrwi', lIiero<l. p. 707 : Eth. Toiut6ov(Tic*;, ToeuiOuTroAiTTjs), a TRERES. li'25 town in the interior of Cyprus, was the scat of a bishopric and a place of some imfwrtance in the By- zantine time.s. According to the Peutinger Tableit was 18 miles from Salamis, 24 from Citiuni, and 24 from Tamassus. Stephanus B. calls it u village of Cyprus, and derives its name froni the turpentine trees (repegiyeoi) which grew in its neighbourhood. (Engel, Kypros, vol. i. p. 148.) TRE'MULA, a town in Mauretania Tingitana. {Itin. Ant. p. 24.) Variously identified with Ezail- schen and Soe el Camjm. [T. H. D.] TREPONTIUJI or TRIPUNTIUM, a place on the Appian Way near the entrance of the Pontine JIarshes, 4 miles nearer Rome than Forum Appii. It is not mentioned as a station in the Itineraries, but we learn from an inscription of the time of Trajan that it was from thence the part of the road which was restored by that emperor began. This important work, as we are informed by another inscription, was continued for nineteen miles, a circumstance that explains the origin of the name of Dkcennoviuji, which occurs at a later period in connection with the Pontine Marshes. Procopius calls the Docennoviuni a river; but it is evident that it was in reality an artificial cut or canal, such as must always have accompanied the highroad through the.'-e marshes, and as we know already existed in the days of H(nace from Forum Ajipii. The importance of this work will account for the circumstance that we find the Pontine Mar.shes themselves called by Cassiodorus "Decennovii Pa- ludes." (Cassiod. Var. ii. 32, 33; Procop. B. G. i. 11.) The site of Trcpontium is clearly marked at the distance of 39 miles from Rome, by the name of Torre di Treponti, together with the remains oi the 3 ancient bridges, from which it derives its name (Chaupy, Maison dLlorace, vol. iii. pp. 387 — 392; D'Anville, Analyse de ITtalie, pp. 184 — 187.) The inscriptions above cited are given by Sir R. Hoare, Class. Tow, vol. i. pp. 97, 98; and by the Aboe' Chaupy (/. c). The name of TpaTr6v- Tiov, found in Strabo (v. p. 237) aiuong the cities on the left of the Ajijiian Way, can hardly be other than a corruption of Trcpontium, but it is wholly out of place in that passage, and is supposed by Krainer to be an interpolation. [E. II. B.J TRERES (TpfjpEs), a j)eople repeatedly mentioned by Strabo, generally as a tribe of, or at least, as closely connected with, the Cimmerii, but in a few passages as Thracians. They are not named by Homer or Herodotus. Strabo was cvi<lently unde- cided whether to regard them as a distinct race, or as identical with the Cinnnerii, in whose company they several times made destructive inroads into Asia Minor. "The Cimmerii, whom they name Treres also, or some tribe of them, often overran the southern shores of the Eusine and the adjoining countries, .sometimes throwing themselves upon the Paphlagonians, at other times upon the Phrygiuns, at the time when they .say Midas died from drinking bull's blojd. And Eygd'amis led Ins army as far as Evdia and Ionia, and took Sanies, but i>eri.^hod in Cilicia. And the Cinnnerii and 'I'rcres often made such expeditions. But they say that the Treres and Cobus [their lender] were at liiht driven out [of A.sia] by Mady.s, the king of tlio Scythians."* (,Strab. i. p. 01). " Cnlli.>.lliene» states Tuiv Kiu^epiaJC 6aaiiw% but as just before we find Md5uos ToD "^kxjOikov, wc can have no hctila-
 * The reading in the t«xt is imh Ma5uus toO