Page:Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography Volume II.djvu/1243

 TRACIIY. Great (Joseph. Ant. xvii. 8. § 1, JB. J. ii. 6. § 3); but it subsequently formed part of the dominion of Herodes Agrippa. (Joseph. Ant. xviii. 6. § 10, B. J. iii. 3. § 5 ; Philo, 0pp. ii. p. 593.) The whole district has been recently explored and examined with much care and judgment by the Rev. J. L. Porter of Damascus, who has shown that the ancient accounts of this province, properly weighed, coincide with remarkable accuracy with what we know of it now. According to him, it must have been to the NW. of Batanaea, and have extended along the stony tract at the base of the Jebel Huu- rdn, as Kenath (now Kunawdt') was a city of Tra- clion (Euseb. Onomast. s. v. Canath), while the Targums extend it, though improbably, as far S. as Bostra. Mr. Porter observes that the name is some- times applied in a more general sense by ancient writers, so as to include the neighbouring provinces (as in Luke, iii. 1, where the " Region of Trachonitis" must be understood as embracing Batanaea and Auranitis; Joseph. A7it. xvii. 14. § 4.) He thinks, too, that the plain on the western side as far as the Hdj road was embraced in Trachonitis, and likewise that on the north to the Jebel Khiydrah, with a considerable section of the plain on the east, N. of Ard-al-Balhanyeh. The Argob of Numb, xxxiv. 15, 1 Kings, iv. 13, &c., Mr. Porter considers to be the same district as Trachonitis, the latter being the Greek rendering of the Hebrew form. (Porter, Fioe Years in Damascus, ii. pp.259 — 262, 268 — 272; iJobinson, iii. p. 907; Russegger, iii. p. 279; Winer, Bibl. Realwarterbuch.') [V.] TRACHY. [Okchomenus, p. 490, a.] TRACTARI, a tribe in the Chersonesus Taurica (Plin. iv. 12. s. 26). [T. H. D.] TRAELIUS. [Tragilus.] TRAENS or TRAIS (Tpdf is or Tpd^vs, -euros: Trionto), a river of Bruttium celebrated for the san- guinary defeat of the Sybarites on its banks by their rivals the Crotoniats, which led to the destraction of the city of Sybaris, B.C. 510. (Iambi. Vit. Pyth. § 260.) It is singular that the banks of a stream which had been the scene of such a catastrophe should be again selected by the renmant of the Sybarites who were expelled from the new colony of Thurii shortly after its foundation [Tnuuii] for the site of their settlement. They, however, did not remain long, being expelled and put to the svvord by the neighbouring barbarians, whom Diodorus by a remarkable anachronism calls Bruit ians, apparently within a few years of their establishment. (Dioil. xii. 22.) The name of the liver is not found iu any of the geographers, but there can be little doubt of its being the one still called the Trionto, which falls into the gulf of Tarentum a few miles E. of Jiossano, and gives name also to an adjoining head- land, the Capo di Trionto. [E. H. B.] TRA'GIA (Tpa7ia), also called Tragiae (Tpa- 71'ai), Tragia, Tragaeae (TpayaiaC), or Tragaea (Tf^a- 7ai'a), a small island off the south coast of Samos, near which Pericles, in u. c. 440, defeated the Sa- mians in a naval engagement. (Thucyd. i. 116; Plin. iv. 71, V. 135; Plut. Per. 25; 8trab. xiii. p. G35; Stepli. B. s. ?;. Tf)a7aia.) Respecting the Tra- gasaeae Salinae, see Halesion. [L. S.] TRA'tUA or TRAGAEA. [Na.xos, p. 406, a.] TRA'GILUS {TpdyiKos : Eth. Tpayiivs, Stepli. B. s. v.), a town of Jhtcedonia, and doubtless the same as the BpdytAos or ApdyiAos found in Ilierocles (p. 639) among the towns of the first or consular Mace douia. TRAJANOPOLIS. 1219 marked as 10 miles from Pliilippi. This is ap- parently a corru})tion of '• Traelio," since numerous coins (one of which is figured below) have been found near Aniphipolis with the inscription TKAIAIflN. Leake conjectures with much probability that the real name was Tragilus, and that in the local form of the name the F may have been omitted, so that the TPAIAIfiN of the coin may represent the Hel- lenic TpayiAioif. (Eckhel, vol. ii. p. 81 ; Leake, Northern &reece, vol. iii. p. 228.) COIN OF TRAGILUS OR TUAKUUS. TRAGU'RIUM {Tpayovpiov, Strab., Ptol. ; Tpa- yvptov, Polyb.), an important town of Dalmalia, situated upon an island, which was separated from the mainland by an artificial canal. According to the Antonine Itinerary, it was distant 16 miles from Praetorium and 13 from Salonae. Pliny calls it " Tragurium civium Romanorum," and says that it was celebrated for its marble. Its name is pieservcd in the modern Trail. (Polyb. xxxii. 18 ; Strab. ii. p. 124, vii. p. 315 ; Ptol. ii'. 17. § 14 ; Plin. iii. 22. s. 26 ; Mela, ii. 3 ; 7^. Ant. p. 272 ; Tab. Pent ; Geogr. Rav. iv. 16.) TRAGUS. [Capiiyae.] TRAIA CAPITA {Itin. Ant. p. 399), more correctly TuiA Cai'ita (Geog. Rav. v. 3), since it lay near the three mouths of the Iberus, a town of the Cosetani, in Ilispania Tarraconensis, between Dertosa and Tarraco. Variously identihed with Tivisa and Tori-e del Aliya. [T. H. D.] TRAJA'NI MUiNTMENTUM, a fort or castle built by Trajan on the southern bank of the river Moenus, not far from its junction with the Rlienus. (Amm. Marc. x'ii. 1.) The site is uncertain, nor is it known what the Munimentum really was. [L. S.] TRAJA'NI PORTUS. [Ostia.] TRAJANO'POLIS (TpaiavuTroKts), a town in IMysia, in the district occupied by the tribe of the Thraemenothyritae, on the frontiers of Phrygia. (Ptol. V. 2. §'§ 14, 15.) The Cilician city of Se- linus also for a time bore the name of Trajanopolis. [Ski-inits.] [L. S.] TRAJANO'POLIS (TpaiawiroAir), an important town ill the S. of Thrace, which was probably founded by or iu honour of the emperor Triijan, about the time when Plotinopolis was founded, to pcrjietuatc the name of his wife Plotina. Its exact site a|>peai-s to be somewhat doubtful. Some authorities describe it as situated on the right bank of the llebrus, near the pass in the range of Mount Riiodojie, through which that river flows, and about 40 miU's fro'.ii it» mouth. Now this is the bite of the nuKlern Ori- Ihova, wi.li which accordingly it is liv sdmio identi- fied. It would be difficult, liowevcr, to reconcile tliis with the various distances given in the Itineraries: e. g. Tnijanopolis is stated to be 9000 juces from 'i'empyra, and 29,000 from C'yj.H-la ; wherea.s tlio site above mentioned is nearly equidistant from those assigned to 'I'emjiyra and Cypsela, being, however, more distant from the former. But tills is only one example out of many showing how extremely imjicr- fect is our knowledge of the geography of Tiirace, ln° the Table there is a place " Triulo " 1 both ancient and modern. In the map of the Society 4 I 2