Page:Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography Volume II.djvu/1157

 TEURIOCIIAE.MAE. ix. p. 409; Aristot. Rhet. iii. 6; Plin. iv. 7. s. 12; Steph. B. S.V.; Pliot. Lex. p. 428; heake, Noi-them Greece, vol.ii. p. 245, seq.) TEUEIOCHAE.MAE (Tfi/pioxaT^uai), a German tribe, occupying the country south of the Clierusci, on the north of Muns Sudeta, in the modern Erzye- hirgehnA Voiglhind. (Ptol. ii. 11. § 23.) [L. 8.] TEUKISCl X'TevpiffKoi, Ptol. iii. 8. § 5), a Da- cian tribe near tiie sources of the Tyras. [T. H. 1).J TEU'RNIA {Tfovpvia), a Celtic town in Noricum, on the left bank of the upper part of the river Dnivus (Phn. iii. 27 ; Ptol. ii. 14. §3). Its site is still marked by considerable ruins not far from the little town of Spital. (Comp. Orelli, Inscripl. Nos. 498 and .5071 ; Eufrippus, Vit. S. Severi, 17, 21. where it is called Tiburnia.) [L. S.] TEUTHEA. [Dyme.] TEUTHEAS. [Achaia, p. 14, a.] TEUTHIS (TeC0is: Eth. TeufiiSTis), a town in the centre of Arcadia, which to<:;ether with Theisoa and Methydrium belonged to the confederation {avvrd- A€io) of Orchomenus. Its inhabitants were re- moved to llegalopolis upon the foundation of the latter. The Pakocastron of Galatas probably re- presents Teuthis. (Paus. viii. 27. §§ 4, 7, 28. § 4; Sleph. B. s. V. ; Eoss, lieisen im Pehponnes, vol. i. p. 114.) TEUTHRANIA (Tevepavia), the rame of the western part of Jlysia about the river Caicus, which was believed to be derived from an ancient Wysian king Teuthras. This king is said to have adopted, as Ills son and successor, Telephus, a son of Heracles; and Eurypykis, the son of Telephus, appears in the Odyssey as the ruler of the Ceteii. (Strab. iii. p. 615; lloin. Od. X. 520; comp. JIysia.) In the district Teuthrania a town of the same name is mentioned as situated between Elaea, Pitane, and Atarneus (Strab. /. c. Steph. B. a v.; Xenoph. Uist. Gr. iii. 1. § G), but no other particulars are known about it. [L. S.] TEUTHEAS (Tevdpas), the south-western p:irt of JIt.Temnus in Teuthrania (Ctesias, ap.Stub. Serin, p. 213, ed. Biilir), is perhaps the mountain now called JhjinacU, which the caravans proceeding hom Smyrna to Brtisa have to traverse. (Lucas, Trois- Voyage, i. ].. 1.33.) [L. S.] TEUTHRO'NE (Jivepuvt)), a town of Laconia, situated upon the western side of the Laconian gidf, 150 stadia from Caj;e Taenarum. It was said to have been founded by the Athenian Teuthras. The chief deity worshipped liere was Artemis Issoria. 1 1 had a fountain called Naia. Its ruins exist at the village of ATo^roHes, and its citadel occupied a Miiall peninsula, called Skopos, Skopia or Skopo- jiiilis. The distance assigned by Pausanias of 150 stadia from Teuthrone to Cape Taenarum is, ac- cording to the French Commission, only from 8 to 10 stadia in excess. Augustus made Teuthrone one of the Eleuthero-Laconian towns. (Paus. iii. 21. § 7, iii. 25. § 4 ; Ptol. iii. 16. § 9 ; B.iblaye, Re- cherches, ^c. p. 89 ; Curtiius, Peluponnesos, vol. ii. p. 276.) TEUTIBU'EGIUM or TEUTOBUEGIUII (Tsu- ToSovpyiov^, a town in Lower Pannonia, near the conthieiice of the Dravus and Danubius, on the road from Mursa to Cornacum, was the station of the jiraefect of the sixth legion and a corps of Dalmatian horsemen. (/<. Ant. p. 243; Plol. ii. 16. § 5; NutH. Imp.; Tub. Pent., where it is miswritten Tittoburgium.) The name seems to indicate that it was originally a settlement of the TEUTONES. 1133 Teutones, which m.ny have been founded at the time when thty roamed over those countries, about B. c. 113. No remains are now extant, and its exact site is only matter of conjecture. (Muchar, Xorikum, vi<. i. p. 265.) [L- S ] TEUTOBEEGIENSIS SALTUS, a mountain forest in Western Germany, where in ad. 9 the Roman legions under Varus suffered the memorable defeat, and where, six years later, their uiiburied remains were found by Drusus. (Tac. Aim. i. 60.) A general description of the locality without the mention of the name is found in Dion Cassius (Ivi. 20, 21; comp. Veil. Pat. ii. 105, 118, foil.). This locality has in modern times been the subject of much discussion among German antiquaries; but the words of Tacitus seem to imply clearly that he was thinking of the range of hills between the sources of the Lupia and Amasis; that is, the range between Lippspringe and Hanstenbeck. (Giefers, De Alisone Castello deque Vwianae Cladis Loco Commentatio, p. 47, foil.) [L.S.J TEUTONES or TEUTON! (J^movts), the name of a powerful German tribe, which about B.C. 113 appeared on the frontiers of Gaul at the same time when theCimbri, probably a Celtic people, after defeating the Eomans in several battles, traversed Gaul and invaded Spain. The Teutones, however, remained behind ravaging Gaul, and were joined by the Ombrones. At length, inf.. o. 102, they were defeated by C. Marius in a great battle near Aquae Sextiae, where, according to the most moderate accounts, 100,000 of them were slain, while 80,000 or 90,000 are said to have been taken prisoners. A body of 6000 men, who survived that terrible day, are said to have established th.emselves in Gaul between the Muas and Schtlde, where they became the ancestors of the -duatici. (Liv. Epit. lib. Ixvii.; Veil. Pat. ii. 12; Elor. iii. 3; Plut. Mar. 36, foil.; Oros. v. 16; Caes. B. G. ii. 4, 29.) After this great defeat, the TeutoDes are for a long time not heard of in history, while during the preceding ti n years they are described as wandering about the Upper Rhine, and eastward even as far as Pannonia. In later times a tribe bearing the name of Teutones is mentioned by Pomp. Mela (iii.3),Pliny (xxxvii. 1 1), and Ptolemy (ii. 11. § 17) as inhabiting a district in the north-west of Ger- many, on the north of the river Albis, where according to Pliny, they dwelt even as early as the tinie of Pytheas of Slassilia. The question here naturally presents itself whether these Teutones in the north of Germany were the same as those who in the time of Marius invaded Gaul in con- junction with the Cimbri, who in fact came from the same quarters. This question must be an- swered in the affirmative; or in other words, tho Teutones who appeared in the south were a branch of those in the north-west of Germany, liaving been induced to migrate southward either by inun- dations or other calamities. The numerous body of emif'rants so nuuh reduced the mnober of tho.se remaining behind, that thereafter they were a tribe of no great importance. That the name of Teutones was never employed, either by the Germans them- selves or by the Romans, as a general name for tho whole German nation, has already been explained in the article Gkhmania. Some writers even ref;ard tho Teutones as not Germans at all, but either as Sla- vonians or Cells. (Latham, Epileg. ad Tac. Germ. p. ex.) The fact that the country between the lower Elbe and the Baltic was once inhabited by the