Page:Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography Volume II.djvu/1155

 TKRINAEUS SINUS. W;ir; but before the close of the war th:it general found himself conipcllcd to abamion this part of Bruttiiim, ami destroyed Teriiia, when he could no longer hold it. (Strab. vi. p. 256.) The city never recovered this blow ; and though there seems to have been still a town of the name in existence in the days of Strabo and Pliny, it never again rose to be a place of any importance. (Strab. L c; Plin. iii. 5. s. JO.) An inscription in which its name appears in the reign of 'I'rajan (Orell. Inscr. 150) is in all probaiiility spurious. The site of Terina cannot be determined with any certainty; but the circumstance that the ex- tensive bay now known as the Gulf of Sta Evfemta was frequently called the Sinus TiiKiNAEus (Plin. iii. ,5. s. 10; 6 Tfpivalos koXttos, Thuc. vi. 104), sufficiently proves that Terina must have been situ- ated in its immediate proximity. The most probable conjecture is, that it occupied nearly, if not exactly, the same site as the old town of Sta Evfeinia (which was destroyed by a great earthi|uake in 16-38), about ft mile below the modern village of the name, and near the N. extremity of the gulf to whicii it gives its name. Cluverius and other antiquarians liave placed it consideralily further to the N., near the modern Nocera, where there are said to be the ruins of an ancient city (Cluver. Ital. p. 1287; Karrius, de Sit. Calabi: ii. 10. p. 124); but this site is above 7 miles distant from the gulf, to which it could hardly therefore have given name. There is ;ilso reason to suppose that the ruins in question are those of a town which bore in ancient times the name of Nuceria, which it still retains with little alteration. [Nuceuia, No. 4.] Lycophron seems to place Terina on the banks of a river, which he names Ooinakls {TiKivapos, Lycoplir. Alex. 729, 1009); and this n.ime, which is not found elsewhere, has been generally identilied with the river now called the Suvuto (the Sabatus of the Itineraries), which flows by Noctra. But this identification rests on the position assumed for Tmina: and the name of the Ocinarus may be equally well applied to any of the streams falling inio the (Ittif of Sta Eifemia. The variety and beauty of the silver coins of Terina (which belong for the most part to the best period of (Jreek art), has been already alluded to. The winged female figure on the rever.se, though ciiuunonly called a Victory, is more probably in- tended for the Siren Ligcia. [E. II. 11.] COIN OI.- TK.ItlNA. TERINAEUS .SIXUS. [Hiitoniatk.s Sfnus.] TEUI'OLA CASI'RA or TERrOLIS, a fortress in l.'haetia, mentioned only in the NotUia Imperii, but generally identified with the castle near Meran, near which many Roman remains are found. (Comp. Pallhausen, Beschreib. d^^r Bom. Jleerstrasse von Verona nach Aiigshurq, p. 86.) [L. S.] TERMANTIA. [Tkhmi^.] TERMERA (ra Tfpn^pa or Tip^fpov : Kl/i.TepiJ.(- pivs), a maritime town of Caria, on the south coast tei;.me.ssus. ii.-ji of the peninsula of Halicarnassu.s, near Cape Ter- nieriuni. (Herod, v. 37; Strab. xiv. p. 657; Phn. V. 29; Steph. B. «. »•., who enone.iu.-ly assigns the town to Lycia.) Under the Romans this Dori;in town was a free city. According to Suidas (.v. r) the place gave rise to the proverbial ex])rcssii,M T(pfj.fpta KUKO., it being used as a prison by the rulers of Caria; but his remark that it was situated between Melos and Halicarnassus is unintelligible. Cramer supposes its site to be marked by the mo- dern t'tirbii;/!ar or (Jiiiiiishlu. [L. S.] TER.MERE (Tep/xe'pTj), a place of uncertain site, mentioned only by Ptolemy (v. 2. § 16) as situated in the extreme nortii of Lydia, in the district Cata- cecaumene, near the two sources of the river Her- mus. [L. S.] TERMERIUM. [Teumkra.] TERMES (Tfp^es, Ptol. ii. 6. § .56), a town of the Arevaci in Hispania Tarraconensis. It is probably the same town called Tepfiriads and Tfp- /uavTia by Appian (vi. 76 and 99). The inhabit- ants are called Termestini in Livy (Epit. liv.) and 'J'acitns (Ann. iv. 45; cf. coins in Sertini, p. 208). Tcrnies was seated on a steep hill, and was often besieged without success by the Romans, till at last the inhabitants, on account of their hostile disposition towards Rome, were compelled in u. c. 97 to build a new city on the plain and without walls (App. vi. 99). It lay undoubte/lly on the site oji the jire- sent Ermita de miestra Stuora de 'I^rmes. 9 leagues V. of Numantia. (T. H. 1).| TEliiME.SSUS (Tep(U77iT(T(j5, Tfp,uj)(icis, Tep^uEtros, Tipixianos, TtAfxitrffos: Elk. Tep/UTjaffeiis), a town of Pisidia, celebrated for its natural strength no less than for its artificial fortifications, was-siluated on a height of Mount Taurus, at the entrance of the de- files which are traversed by the river Catarrhacles, and formed the means of connnnnication between Pisidia, Pamphylia, and Lycia. (Strab. xiii. p. 6,'iO, xiv. p. 666; Ptol. v. 5. § 6, viii. 17. § .34; Polyb. xxii. 18; Steph. B. s.v. Dion. Per. 859.) A peak of the mountain rising above the acropolis bore the name of Solymus ; and the inhabitants of the town itself were, as Strabo says, called Solynii. They were certainly not Greeks, for Arrian (i. 27) distinctly calls them Pisidians and barba- rians. Their town stood on a lofty height, pre- cipitous on all sides; and iJie road running close by the place was very dilhcull, ))assing through a narrow gorge, which could be defended by a small force. Alexander the Great succeeded indeed in forcing his way through it, but despairing of the possibility of taking Termessus, he continued his march. Strabo (xiv. p. 666) therefore .seems to be mistaken in stating that Alexander conquered the place. The consul Manlius, alter relieving Isionda, jiassed along the same road. (Liv. xxxviii. 15.) The town of Termessus continued to exist down to a late period, when it was the see of a Christian bishop, who also had the administration of two neighbouring places, Jovra and Eudocia. (llierocl. ]). 680.) The site of ancient Termessus lias not licen (iithcult to discover by modern travellers, and considerable remains .still exist at Kitniliiiiuir Aiiii, at the foot of the height on which the ancient for- tress was tiitualetl. (Leake, AKia Minor, pp. 133 — 1.35.) As to the coins of Termessus, which come down as far as the reign of the cmjieror Severus, see Sestini, ]>. 96. On .some of thesu coins we read fm^ovnov in addition to the name of the J'ermessiaiis, a circumstance which confirms tho