Page:Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography Volume II.djvu/1153

 TENTJRCIO. ceiling of one of the lateral chambers, behind the portico, and on the ri^ht side of the temple, was a smaller group of mythological figures, which has hIso been styled a planisphere or zodiac. This being sculptured on a kind of sandstone, was renioveable, and by the permission of 'Mehemet AH, in 1821, was cut out of the ceiling by M. Lelorrain, and brought to Palis. It was purchased by the French government, and is now iu the Imperial Bluseum. It' is probably a few years older than the larger zodiac. 2. The Tseivm. — '• The chapel of Isis is behind the temple of Athor." (Strab. xvji. p. 814.) It stands, indeed, immediately behind its SW. angle. It consists of one central and two lateral chawiber.s, with a corridor in front. Among its hieroglypliics appear the names of Augustus, Claudius, and Nero. About 170 paces E. of this chapel stands a pylon, with a Greek inscription, importing that in the thirty-f5rst year of Caesar (Augustus) it was dedi- ciited to Isis. (Letronne, lb. pp. 82, 84.) 3. The Typhonium, as it is denominated from the emblems of Typhon on its walls, stands about 90 ])aces N. of the great temple. It comjirises two outer passage-chambers and a central and lateral ady- tum. A peristyle of twenty-two columns stirrounds I ■ >ides and the rear of the building. On its walls inscribed the names of Trajan, Hadrian, and Antoninus Pius. But although the symbols of the principle of destruction are found on its walls, Ty- phon can hardly have been the presiding deity of this temple. From the circumstance that all the otiier sculptures refer to the birth of Ehouu, Cham- I illion (^Ltttres sur TEyypte, vol. ii. p. 67) suggests iliat this was one of the chapels styled " JIanmieisi," (ir " lying-in places," and that it commemorated the aicouchment of Athor, mother of Ehoou. Typhon i> here accordingly in a subordinate character, and svinbolises not destruction, but darkness, chaos, or the '"night primeval," which precedes creation and Inrlh. For the monuments of Tentyra, besides the works already enumerated, Wilkinson's Ancient Egypti/ms and Modern Egypt and Thebes, and the volumes in the Librai-y of Eniertaining Knowledge, en- titled British Museum, Egyptian Antiquities, may he consulted ; and for the zodiacs, Viscoriti, Oeuvres [I turn. iv. ; Letronne, Observations sur VObjet des Re- presentations Zodiacales de I'Antiquilc, 8'o. Paris, 1 824 ; or Hahna, Examen et Expliralions des Zo- diaqnes Eqyptiennes, 8vo. 1822. [V. B. D.J TENUkciO. [TiNUKTit-M.] TEOS (Tt'ojs: Eth. TtJios), an Ionian city on the coast of Asia Jlinor, on the south side of the isthmus connecting the Ionian peninsula of Mount Mimas with the mainland. It was originally a colony of the Jlinyae of Orchomenos led out by Athamas, but during the Ionian migration the inhabitants were joined by numerous colonists from Athens under JMauclus, a S(m of Codrus, Apnecus, and Damasus; and afterwards their number was further increased by Boeotians under Geres. (Strab. xiv. p. 633; Paus. vii. 3. § 3; Herod, i. 142; Scyla.x, p. 37; iStoph. B. s. V.) The city had two good harbours, one of which is mentioned even by Scylax, and the second, 30 stadia distant from the former, is called by Strabo Tep^aiSai (xiv. p. 644), and by Livy (xxxvii. 27) Geraesticus. Teos became a flourishing com- mercial town, and enjoyed its prosperity until the time of the Persian dominion, when its inhabitants, unable to bear the iusolcuce of the barbarians, abandoned TE1:GESTE. 1129 their city and removed to Abdcra in Thrace. (Herod, i. 168; Strab. I.e.) But though deserted by tiie greater part of its inhabitants, Teos still continued to be one of the Ionian cities, and in alliance with Athens. (Thucyd. iii. 32.) After the Sicilian disaster, Teos revolted from Athens, but was speedily reduced (Thucyd. viii. 16, 19, 20). In the war against Antioehus, the fleet of the IJomans and liho- dians gained a victory over that of the Syrian king in the neighbourhood of this city. (Liv. I. c; conjjj. Polyb. v. 77.) The vicinity of Teos produced ex- cellent wine, whence Bacchus was one of the chief divinities of the place. Pliny (v. 38) erroneously calls Teos an island, for at most it could only be termed a peninsula. (Comp. Pomp. Mela, i. 1 7 ; Ptol. V. 2. § 6.) There still exist' considerable remains of Teos at a place called Sighajih, which seems to have been one of the ports of the ancient city, and the walls of which are constructed of the ruins of Teos, so that they are covered with a number of Greek in- scriptions of considerable interest, referring, as they do, to treaties made between the Teiansand other states, such as the Pomans, Aetolians, and several cities of Crete, by all of whom the inviolability of the Teian territory, the worship of B.acchus, and the right of asylum are confirmed. The most interesting among the ruins of Teos are those of the theatre and of the great and splendid temple of Bacchus; the massive walls of the city also may still be traced along their whole extent. The theatre commands a magnificent view, overlooking the site of the an- cient city and the bay as far as the bold promontory of Jlyonnesus and the distant island of Samos. For a detailed description of these remains, see Hamilton, Researches, ii. p. 11, foil.; comp. Leake, Asia Minor, p. 350. [L, S.] COIN <)F TKOS. TERACA'TRIAE (T^paKarpiai), a German tribe in Noricum, on the banks of the Danube, probably on the south of the territory occupied by the Baemi (Ptol. ii. 1 1 . § 2G.) [L. S.J TEHEDON. [EuniRATiis]. TEPEN {Tvpriv, Diod. v. 72), a river in Crete, perhaps a tributary of the Amnisus, or the modern Aposelemi. [T. H. 1).] TERENU'THIS (TiptvovBis, Nut. Imp.), the mo- dern Ternnieh, a town in Lower Aegypt, was situated on the left bank of the Canopic arm of the Nile. At this point a pa.ss through the hills conducted to the Natron Lakes, about 30 miles to the V. of the town. The people of Tereniithis fanned of the go- vernment a monopoly for collecting and exjiorting natnm. [NlTUl.Mi]. Kuiiis at the modern Immlet of Abou-Iiellcu rejiresent the ancient 'I'eremilhis. (Soimini, Voyages, vol. i. p. 228.) [W. B. D.J TKUKPS ELUVIUS. [Tadku.J TEPESES FOPTUNALES, a place in the V. of Hispania Baetica (I'lin. iii. 1. s. 3). ^ [T. H. D.J TKRGl'.STi; (TipjfaTf, Strab. Ttpyfnrov, Ptol. : Eth. Tergestinus: 'J'rie.^tt'),a. city of Venetia or I>tria, situated on a bay to which it gave the name of Tki:- Gi':sTiNUS SiNtis, which forms the inner bight or extremity of the Adriatic sea towards the N. It