Page:Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography Volume II.djvu/1125

 TAEETICA. to be the time reading), and Horace speaks of " Sa- tureianus cabellus" as equivalent to Tarentine. (^Sat. i. 6. 59.) The memory of the locality is pre- served by a watch-tower on the coast, about seven miles SE. of Tarentum, which is still called 7o?Te di Saturo (Romanelli, vol. i. p. 294; Zannoni Cai-ta del Regno di Napoli). (Concerning the history and ancient institutions of Tarentum, see Heyne, Opuscula, vol. ii. pp. 217 — 232; and Lorentz, de Civitate Vetcrum Ta- rentinorum, 4to. Lips. 1833. The present state and localities are described by Swinburne, vol. i. pp. 225 — 270; Keppel Craven, Southern Tour, pp. 174_190; and Romanelli, vol. i. pp. 282—289; but from the absence of existing remains, the antiquities of Tarentum have scarcely received as much atten- tion as they deserve.) [E. H. B.] COINS OF TARENTUJL TARE'TICA (TapeTiK?;, or ToperiKTJ a.Kpa, Ptol. V. 9. § 9), a headland of Asiatic Sarmatia in the r>intus Euxinus, and in the neighbourhood of the iiKHJern town o( Sudaski. [T. H. D.] TARGINES (Tacmo), a small river of Bruttium, mentioned only by Pliny (iii. 10. s. 15) among the rivers on the E. coast of that peninsula. It is pro- liuhly the stream now called the Tacino, which rises in I he mountains of the iS(7a, and falls into the Gulf of Squillace (Sinus Scylaceus). [E. H. B.] TARI'CHEAE or TARICHAEAE (Tapix^at, Strab. xvi. p. 7G4 ; Joseph. Vita, 32, 54, 73 ; Tapixcuai, Jo.seph. B. J. iii. 10. § 1, et alibi; Tapixfa, Steph. B. s. v. ; Taricheac, Suet. Tit. 4 ; Tarichea, Plin. v. 15 : Eth. Tapixearrjs), a city in Lower Galilee situated below a mountain at the soutliern end of the lake of Tiberias, and 30 stadia from the city of Tiberias itself. (Joseph. B. J. iii. 10. § 1.) It derived its name from its extensive inanufactones for salting fish. (Strab. I. c.) It was strongly fortiiied by Josephus, who made it his head- quarters in the Jewish war ; and it was taken by Titus with great slaughter. (Joseph. B. J. iii. 10. §§ 1 — 6.) Its ruins stand upon a rising ground, called Kerak, where at present there is a Muslim village, at the southern end of the lake. The river Jordan, in issuing from the lake, runs at first south f. ir about a furlong, and then turns west for half a mile. The rising ground Kerah stands in the .space between the river and lake, and w:is a place easily defensible according to the ancient mode of warfare. (Robinson, Bihl. lies. vol. ii. p. 387, 2nd ed.) TARNE (Tdpyri), is mentioned by Homer (//. v. TARQUINIL 1101 44), and after him by Strabo (ix. p. 413), as a town in Asia Minor; but Pliny (v. 30) knows Tarne only as a fountain of Mount Tmolus in Lydia. [L. S.] TARNIS (Tarn), a river in Gallia, a branch of the Garonne. It rises near ilount Lozere, in the Cevennes, and flows in the upper part of its course in a deep valley. After running near 200 miles it joins the Garonne below Moissac. Sidonius Apol- linaris (24. 44) calls it " citus Tarnis." [Lesoka.] Ausonius (Mosella, v. 465) speaks of the gold found in the bed of the Tarn : — "Et auriferum postponet Gallia Tarnem." [G.L.] TARODU'NUM (Tap6Sovvov), a town in the south-west of Germany, between Jlons Abnoba and the Rhenus. (Ptol. ii. 11. § 30.) It is universally identified with Mark Zarten near Freiburg in the Breisgau, which, down to the 8th century, bore the name of Zarduna, a name which is formed from Tarodunum in the same way in which Zahern is formed from Tabernae. [L. S.] TARO'NA (Japiiva, Ptol. iii. 6. § 5), a place in the interior of the Chersonesus Taurica. [T. H. D.] TARPHE (Tdpcpv : Eth. Tapipahs), a town of the Locri Epicnemidii, mentioned by Homer (II. ii. 533). It was situated upon a height in a fertile and woody country, and was said to have derived its name from the thickets in which it stood. In the time of Strabo it had clianged its name into that of Pharygae (^apiiyai^j and was said to have received a colony from Argos. It contained a temple of Hera Phary- gaea. It is probably the modern Pmuhnitza. (Strab. ix. p. 426; Groskurd and Kramer, ad loc; Stejili. B. s. v.; Leake, Northern Greece, vol. iv. p. 179.) TARPODIZUS (It. Ant. p. 230 ; It. Bier. p. 569; in Geog. Rav. iv. 6, Tarpodizon), a town in the E. of Thrace, on the road from Byzantium to Anchialus. According to Kiepert, its site answers to that of the modern Bojuk-Derhend ; according to Reichard, to that of Kod.ye-Tarla ; according to Lapie, to that of Deidet-Agatch. But in some maps it is placed nearly due south of Sadame, and on or near the river Artiscus : if this is correct, Tarpodizus must have been in the neighbourhood of ErekU. [J. R.] TARQUI'NII (Top/fi/fia, Strab. Dionys.; Tap- Kovivai, Vtol: £'^/t. Tarquiniensis: Co?'«eto), one of the most ancient and important cities of Etruria, situated about 4 miles from the Tyrrlienian Hca, and 14 miles from Centumcellae (Civita Vecchia), near the left bank of the river JIarta. All ancient writers represent it as one of the most ancient of the cities of Etruria; indeed according to a tradition generally prevalent it was the parent or metnqwilis of the twelve cities which composed the Etruscan League, in the same manner as Alba was re])re.-cnted as the metropolis of the Latin League. Its own reputed founder was Tarchon, who according to some accounts was tlie son, according to others the biotber, of the Lydian Tyrrhcnus; while both versions repre- sented him as subsequently founding ail the oiiior cities of the league. (Strab. v. p. 219; Unv. ad Aai. x. 179, 198.) The same sujieriority of Tarquinii may be considered as implied in the legends that represented the divine being Tagcs, from whom nil the sacred traditions and religious rites of tho Etruscans were considered to emanate, as springing out of the soil at Tanjuinii (Cic. de IJiv. ii. 23; Censorin. de Die Nat. 4 ; Joan. Lyd. de Ost. 3.) Indeed it seems certain thai there was a close connec-