Page:Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography Volume II.djvu/1067

 SUJIATIA. Sulmo" (Ovid, Fnst.iv. 81, Trisl. iv. 10.3, Amor. ii. 16; Sil. Ital. viii. 511.) Its territory was fertile, botli ill corn and wine, and one district of it, the rairus Fabianu.s, is particularly mentioned by Pliny (xvii. 26. s. 4.3) for the care bestowed on the irrigation of the vineyards. The remains of the ancient city are of little in- terest as ruins, but indicate the existence of a con- siderable town ; amona; them are the vestiges of an amphitheatre, a theatre, and thermae, all of them without the gates of tlie modern city. About 2 miles from thence, at the foot of the Monte Mor-rone, are some ruins of reticulated masonry, probably those iif a Roman villa, which has been called, wiUiout the slii^htest reason or authority, that :)f Ovid. (Roma- nelli, vol. iii. jrp. 159, IGl; Craven's Abruzzi, vol. ii. p. 32.) Sulmo was distant seven miles from Corfinium, as we learn buth from the Tabula ami from Caesar. (Caes. B.C.. 18; Tab. Pent.) Ovid tells us that it was 90 miles from Rome {TrUt. iv. 10. 4), a statement evidently meant to be precise. The actual distance by the highroad would be 94 miles ; viz. 70 to Cerfeimia, 17 from thence to Cortinium, and 7 from Corfinium to Sulmo. (D'Auville, .^?ia/. Gcoi/r. de Vltalie. pp. 175, 179.) There was, however, pro- bably a branch road to Sulmo, after passing the Jlons Imeus, avoiding the detour by Corfinium. [E. H. B.] SUJIA'TIA' (Saw/uaTio, Pans. viii. 3. § 4 ; Steph. B. s. v.; Sou/UT/Tia, Pans. viii. 36. § 7 ; Sou/xdreioi', Paus. viii. 27. § 3; 'S,uv/xT]Teia, Steph. B. s. i'.), a town of Arcadia in the district JIaeiialia, on the .southern slope of Mt. Maenalus. It w;is probably on the summit of the hill now called Si/liniua, where there are some remains of polygonal walls. (Leake, Morea, vol. ii. p. 51; Ross, Peloponncs, p. 120.) SUJLMONTORIUM, a place in Vindelicia {It. Ant. p. 277), where, according to the Notitia Iiii- ])erii, the commander of the 3rd legion was .stationed. Its cxMct site is uncertain. [L. S.] SUM.MUS PYRENAEUS. One of the passes of this name mentioned in the Antonine Itin. and the Tjible was on the road from Narbo {Narbonne) to .Tuncaria {Jtinqiiera) in Spain. The road ])assed from Narbo through Ad Centuriones and Ad Stabulum ; but the distances in the Itins. are not correct; nor is the distance in the Itin. correct from Suminus Pyre- iiaeiis to Juncaria. The pass, however, is well marked ; and it is the Col da Pertiis, which is com- manded by the fort of Bellt-garde. This is the road by vvliich Hannibal entered Gallia, and the Roman armies marched from Gallia into Spain. A second pass named Suinmus Pyrenaeus in the Antonine Itin. was on the road from Beneharnum [Beneharnuii] in Aquitania to Caesaraugusta (5rtrrt7o,>;a) in Spain. The road went through Iluro {Oleron) and Aspa Luca [A.si'A Lica] and Forum Ligneum [Fouu.^i Lignkum], which is 5 from Suir.mus Pyrenaeus. 'I'his road follows the Gave d'Aspe from Oleron; and on reaching the head of the valley there are two roads, one to the right and the other to the left. That to the right Ciilled Port de Btrnere must be the old road, because it leads into the valley of Aragii.es and to Bella in Spain, which is the Ebellinum of the Itin. on the road from Sunimus Pyrenaeus to Saragosa. There is a third pass the most western of all also named Summus Pyrenaeus on the road from Acjuae Tarbellicae {l)ax) in Aquitania to Pompelon (Pam- plona) in Spain. The Summus Pyrenaeus is the Sommet de Castel-Pinoii, from which we descend SUNIUM. U)i: into the valley of h'oncesvalki} on the road to Piua. plomi [I.ML'S PvuENAEL's]. (D'Aiiville, Xotke, O'-f.) [G. L.] SUNA [Abokigixes.] SU'NICI. Tacitus {Ukt. iv. 66) mentinns the Sunici in the history of the war with Civilis. Ci- vilis having made an alliance with the Agi-ippinenses (Ciihi) resolved to try to gain over the nearest people to Ciiln, and he first secured the Sunici. Claudius Labeo opposed him with a force hastily raised among the Betasii, Tungri and Nervii, and he was confident in his position by luaving po.ssession of the bridge over the Jlosa. [Pons JIosae]. No certain conclusion as to the position of the Sunici can be derived from this; but perhaps they were between Coin and the Maas. Pliny (iv. 17) men- tions the Sunici between the Tungri and the Frisia- bones. [G. L.] SU'NIUM (^ovviov: Eth. Soi'i'ieus), the name ot a promontory and demus on the soutliern coast of Attica. The promontory, which forms the most southerly point in the country, rises almost perpen- dicularly from the sea to a great height, and was crowned with a temple of Athena, the tutelary goddess of Attica. (Paus. i. l.§ 1; "Zovviov lp6v, Hoin. Od. iii. 278 ; So])h. Ajax, 1235; Eurip. Cyd. 292; Vitruv. iv. 7). Suniuin was fortitied in the nineteenth year of the Peloponnesian War(B.c. 413) for the purpose of protecting the passage of the corn- ships to Athens (Thuc. viii. 4), and was regarded from that time as one of the principal fortreses of Attica (Comp. Deni. pro Cor. p. 238; Liv. xxxi. 25: Scylax, p. 21.) Its proximity to the tilver mines of Lanriuni probably contributed to its pros- perity, which passed into a proverb (Anaxand. ap. A then. vi. p. 263, c.) ; but even in the time of Cicero it had sunk into decay (ad Att. xiii. 10). The circuit of the walls may still be traced, except where the precipitous nature of the rocks alTorded a natural defence. The walls which are fortified with square towers, are of the most regular Hellenic masonry, and enclose a space of a little more than half a mile in circumference. The soutliern part of Attica, ex- tending northwards from the promontory of Suniuin as far as Thoricus on the east, and Anaphlystus on the west, is called by Herodotus the Suiiiac angle {rhv yovvov -rhv ^ovvmkSu, iv. 99). Though Suiiium was especially sacred to Athena, we leaiii from Aristojihanes (Eqnlt. 657, Aves, 869) that Poseidon was also worshipi)ed there. The promontory of Sunium is now called Cape Kolunnes, from the ruins of the temple of Athena which still crown its summit. Leake observes that " the temple was a Duric hexastyle; but none of the columns of the fronts remain. The original number of tho.se in the flanks is uncertain; but there are still standing nine columns of the southern, and three of the northern side, with their archi- traves, together with the two colnmns and one of the antae of the ]>raiiaus, also bearing their archi- traves. The columns of the peristyle were 3 feet 4 inches in diameter at the b;ise, and 2 feet 7 inches under the capital, with an intercolumniation below of 4 feet 11 inches. The height, including the capital, was 19 feet 3 indies. The exposed situa- tion of the building has caused a great corrosion in the surface of the marble, which was probably brought from the neighbouring mountains; for it is less homogeneous, and of a coarser grain, than the marble of Pentele. The walls of the fortress were faced with the same kind of stone. The entabla- 3 X *